When and how personality predicts workplace safety: Evaluating a moderated mediation model

Introduction: Though previous research has linked personality and workplace safety, results have been inconsistent. Aims of the present study were to understand when and how personality factors predict safety performance. Methods: With 492 working adults, a moderated mediation model was tested whereby the relationship between personality and safety behavior was mediated by safety motivation and moderated by situation strength (i.e., safety climate perceptions). Results: Findings indicate that, aside from extraversion, safety motivation mediated all relationships between FFM personality traits and safety behavior. The mediated relationship between conscientiousness and safety motivation was attenuated by safety climate perceptions. However, relationships between all other personality traits and safety motivation, and ultimately safety behavior, remained consistent or, in the case of extraversion, was augmented at higher levels of safety climate perceptions. Conclusion: Results demonstrate an empirical basis for how and when personality translates into safety behavior at work. Additionally, findings provide a theoretical explanation for the mixed results among previous studies of personality’s relationship with safety outcomes. Implications are discussed for employee selection and training practices in safety-intensive industries.     

Relation between senior managers’ safety leadership and safety behavior in the Chinese petrochemical industry

Senior managers in organizations are authorized and obliged to maintain organizational safety. However, to date, little research has considered the relation of senior managers' safety leadership to safety behavior. This study addresses this gap by using path analysis to confirm the validity of a hypothetical model that relates six dimensions of senior managers' safety leadership to two safety behaviors through the safety climate in the petrochemical industry. A questionnaire survey was sent randomly to workers (other than senior managers) in two petrochemical companies in China, and data from 155 usable responses were compiled for the path analysis. Results indicate that in the petrochemical industry, senior managers' safety leadership has a positive impact on safety behavior, and the safety climate plays an intermediary role between them. From the perspective of the dimensions of senior managers' safety leadership and safety behavior, safety concern has the greatest positive effect on safety compliance. Moreover, safety vision has the greatest positive impact on safety participation, whereas safety inspiration and safety awards and punishment have negative effects on safety compliance. Personal character does not directly influence any dimension of safety behavior but indirectly does so by influencing the safety climate. On the basis of these results, measures of improving senior managers' safety leadership in the petrochemical industry are presented to help improve the overall safety performance of the industry. A new view is provided for the petrochemical industry in China to suggest that senior managers’ safety leadership can be treated earnestly.     

Self healing databases for predictive risk analytics in safety-critical systems

Assuring the quality, consistency and accuracy of safety data repositories is essential in safety-critical systems. In many systems, however, significant effort is required to identify, address, clean and repair data errors and inconsistencies, and to integrate safety data sets and repositories, particularly for risk analyses. Although some self healing and self repairing capabilities leveraging machine learning and predictive analyses have been employed to identify anomalies and monitor quality in structured safety-critical data sets, little attention has been focused on addressing shortcomings in heterogeneous—structured and unstructured—safety data sets, the focus of this work. The text mining and classification analysis employed in this research indicates that machine learning techniques can be employed to improve the accuracy and robustness of large-scale structured and unstructured database repositories, and to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of safety data repository maintenance. Hybrid machine learning approaches, leveraging machine learning, text mining and natural language processing, offer additional promise in future work.     

Neighborhood attachment and its correlates: Exploring neighborhood conditions, collective efficacy, and gardening

Neighborhood attachment relates to one’s emotional connection to physical and social environments. Such bonds are critical for shaping how people interact with their local environments, connect with others and may be vital for fostering sustainable health behavior change related to nutrition and physical activity. Using data from a population-based survey of neighborhood environments and health in Denver, Colorado (n = 410 respondents; n = 45 block-groups) and hierarchical linear modeling techniques, we examined the relationship between objective and perceived neighborhood conditions (e.g., crime, physical incivilities, sense of safety), social processes (e.g., collective efficacy) and recreational gardening and neighborhood attachment. Results indicate length of residency, collective efficacy, and home and community garden participation are associated with neighborhood attachment. Further research is warranted to consider neighborhood attachment as an intervening mechanism through which gardens and other outdoor everyday places may influence health behavior change.     

秦皇岛市城区园林绿化系统生态效益研究

针对秦皇岛市城区园林绿化系统的现状及存在的问题,提出了提高城市园林绿化生态效益要以人为本,要节约资源,坚持生态优先的原则,并针对当前绿化存在的问题提出了多项建议和对策。     

For whom does safety pay? The case of major accidents

Government agencies regularly use the argument that ‘safety pays’ as a way of motivating employers to attend to occupational health and safety. This paper looks at the effectiveness of this argument in the case of catastrophic hazards. It suggests that, while it may be true that safety pays in an abstract sense, this is irrelevant unless it can be shown that safety pays for relevant decision makers. All too often it does not. The article illustrates its claims by drawing on the literature on the Zeebrugge, Bhopal and Piper Alpha disasters, as well as on a study of a mine disaster in Australia.     

弘扬安全文化、强化安全管理的成功举措——有毒有害化学品信息卡推广和应用

有毒有害化学品信息卡的推广和应用,正在全国范围内从点到面,逐步深入开展。各级工会精心组织、发动群众,党、政、工、团齐抓共管,同时采用多种宣传教育、培训形式,充分发挥了群众的积极性和创造力,在统筹规划、认真落实的推广和应用活动中,使全员上下的安全意识显著增强,安全素质普遍提高,安全措施合理到位,安全形势有所好转。实践证明,这是一项弘扬和普及企业安全文化、强化企业安全管理的成功举措,提高了安全管理水平,保护了职工的安全与健康。     

逻辑在安全生产中的应用

对逻辑在安全生产中的应用和作用,进行了较全面的分析和探讨。逻辑在职业安全卫生领域里的应用十分广泛,在分析、预防事故,探求其规律,以及在职业危害方面,起着十分重要的作用。随着安全系统工程等现代安全技术和劳动安全卫生预评价方法的拓展,逻辑学的应用更加深入,从演绎逻辑到归纳逻辑、辩证逻辑,特别是由数理逻辑诞生而发展起来的现代逻辑,以及现代模拟类比,均被有效地应用。因此,安全逻辑已成为逻辑的一个新分支,也成为安全科学的一个重要组成部分。它对安全生产的发展有着重要的实用价值和指导意义     

谈企业建立健全安全生产管理自我约束和激励机制的六大要素

阐述在市场经济条件下企业建立和健全安全生产管理自我约束和激励机制,应该在安全生产的方针目标、组织机构、规章制度、监督检查、全员安全素质和设备本质安全化六大要素方面下功夫,指出了企业搞好安全生产管理的方法和途径     

基于神经网络的煤矿安全性预测模型及应用

指出矿井安全性及其预测对煤矿生产的重要性以及传统的预测方法存在的缺陷。应用神经网络建立了时间序列的矿井安全性预测模型,克服了传统预测方法必须事先构造函数的不足之处,提高了安全预测的精度。实例分析表明,该预测模型的预测精度较高,具有较大的理论指导意义和应用价值。