西安经济技术开发区企业安全生产标准化调查及模式探讨

随着我国安全生产标准化工作的逐步开展,安全生产标准化的推广研究越来越被人们所关注.本文通过对西安经济技术开发区企业安全生产标准化工作的调查,总结了经开区安全生产标准化推行工作的制约关联因素,并对调查结果进行了分析.结果表明,西安经开区安全生产标准化推行工作处于初期阶段,需要进一步推广；安全生产标准化推行中存在的问题主要集中在认识不足、基础薄弱、产业结构复杂、引导政策缺失等.结合这些存在的问题和推行实践经验,提出从观念认识、制定政策、技术指导、考核激励和分级管理几个方面推行西安经开区安全生产标准化工作的模式,这对经开区推广安全生产标准化有促进作用和指导意义.     

Simultaneous personnel and vehicle shift scheduling in the waste management sector

Urban waste management is becoming an increasingly complex task, absorbing a huge amount of resources, and having a major environmental impact. The design of a waste management system consists in various activities, and one of these is related to the definition of shift schedules for both personnel and vehicles. This activity has a great incidence on the tactical and operational cost for companies. In this paper, we propose an integer programming model to find an optimal solution to the integrated problem. The aim is to determine optimal schedules at minimum cost. Moreover, we design a fast and effective heuristic to face large-size problems. Both approaches are tested on data from a real-world case in Southern Italy and compared to the current practice utilized by the company managing the service, showing that simultaneously solving these problems can lead to significant monetary savings.     

石墨炉原子吸收法直接测试水中铝

本文通过基体改进剂的选择及仪器工作条件的选择，探索出一种精密度，准确度均达到满意结果，稳定性较好的测试方法。     

上海市环境保护科学研究的回顾与展望

２０年来，上海市已培育、发展、形成了一支稳定的环境科学研究队伍。回顾了这支队伍承担的上海市环保局下达的４７０余项科研项目中，一些主要的课题取得了卓越成果。在回顾的同时，对加强环境保护科研工作提出了五点意见。     

The two faces of high self‐monitors: Chameleonic moderating effects of self‐monitoring on the relationships between personality traits and counterproductive work behaviors

This study examines whether and how self‐monitoring moderates the relationships between two personality traits (agreeableness and conscientiousness) and counterproductive work behavior directed toward the organization (CWB‐O) and toward other employees (CWB‐I). High self‐monitors strive to attain personal goals related to status and prestige enhancement by adjusting their behavior to what the situation requires or allows for. We propose that the status enhancement motive can take on two different yet related forms—impression management (interpersonal potency) and opportunism (win‐at‐all‐costs)—depending on relevant situational cues. We hypothesize that in public, interpersonal settings where their behavior is visible to others, high self‐monitors' desire to enhance their status by looking good to others suppresses the natural expression of low agreeableness via increased engagement in CWB‐I. Conversely, we hypothesize that in private, non‐interpersonal settings where their behavior is rarely visible to others, high self‐monitors' desire to enhance their status by doing whatever it takes to get what they want intensifies the natural expression of low conscientiousness via increased engagement in CWB‐O. On the basis of two independent samples of participants, results of moderated multiple regression analyses provided support for the hypotheses. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

我国安全生产监管队伍能力建设对策

分析了国内安全生产监管队伍建设现状,总结提出了我国在安全生产监管队伍建设方面存在的职责界限不清、内部监察工作不规范、人员能力不高、安全生产监管信息系统建设滞后等问题。结合国外安全监管队伍建设经验,制定了覆盖从"入"到"出"、全过程的能力培养和保障框架,提出了制定安全生产监管条例、实施监督与管理分离、合理设置各级监督机构职责分工、实施分级监督、强化监管队伍能力建设、建立安全生产监管信息系统、实施安全生产内部监察制度的对策。研究结果对增强我国安全监管队伍能力,提高安全监管水平具有参考意义。     

Characteristics of Muscular Load in Computer Data Entry Workers Assessed by EMG and Postural Angles

The goal of this study was to characterize the muscular load in computer data entry workers. Electromyography (EMG) parameters of trapezius muscle and postural angles of head, arm, and back were chosen as indicators of musculoskeletal load. The examination was done according to the methods and protocol of international MEPS studies (the “Musculoskeletal, Visual, and Psychosocial Load in VDT [Video Display Terminal] Operators in Optimized Environment” international program). The musculoskeletal load during routine VDT data entry work performed by a group of 36 women was assessed on the basis of 1-hr physiometer recordings. Results show that the musculoskeletal load associated with data entry is relatively high compared to other VDT operators’ tasks described in the literature. An analysis of the measured parameters shows that most of the time women worked with a muscular load higher than optimal. It is postulated that the main reason for the heavy musculoskeletal load was improper posture compelled by unergonomic spatial configuration of work stands.     

镇海炼化公司作业场所健康促进效果评价

对镇海炼化公司所采取的石油化工作业场所作业人员健康促进措施进行了效果评价.评价结果发现,职工职业安全卫生知识知晓率、正确态度和行为形成率有所提高,健康促进工作初见成效.     

我国工业行业安全生产压力指数构建研究

针对单一事故指标在反映行业或区域安全生产形势方面存在的不足,提出采用"安全生产压力指数"这一指标来综合表征我国各行业整体安全生产形势。以工业行业为例,结合我国现有事故统计指标,综合考虑各行业生产安全事故的相对趋势、事故的严重程度以及行业风险控制水平对安全生产形势的影响,构建了以死亡人数占比指数(DNI)、事故严重度指数(ASI)和整体风险水平指数(TRI)为基础指标的安全生产压力指数(SPI)计算模型。通过对工业行业及其11个重点行业事故基础数据的采集整理,分别测算了工业行业1978-2011年度以及11个重点行业2007-2009年度的SPI指数,分析了SPI指数在安全生产形势表征和安全生产形势预警方面的作用,提出了深化和完善SPI指数应用的建议。     

浅谈海洋石油多功能支持平台的安全管理

简单介绍了海洋石油多功能支持平台的基本情况,总结了多功能支持平台现有的三种安全管理工具,分别是工作许可证、工作安全风险分析(JSA)和"五想五不干"行为安全观察卡;同时结合海洋石油多功能支持平台自身特点,分析了如何做好平台的安全教育培训、安全检查和班组安全建设以及应急演练等安全管理工作;通过增强全员的安全意识、及时消除事故隐患及增强基层的安全管理和加强平台的应急反应能力,提高海洋石油多功能支持平台的安全管理水平,以期达到海洋石油平台安全、健康、和谐发展的目的,可供同行借鉴和参考。