轮班制度对于地铁司机疲劳的影响

立足于轮班工作模式,阐述轮班制度对司机疲劳产生与积累的影响。介绍疲劳指数方法和池田公式的理论基础及模型构架,基于北京地铁13号线现行轮班表,分别应用上述两种研究方法进行地铁轮班司机疲劳程度的分析。两种方法的评估结果显著相关,均说明13号线现行轮班表的制定会导致司机疲劳的产生,存在安全运营风险。应用上述方法可实现对司机疲劳程度的非接触式测量,避免对司机驾驶作业的干扰,同时为地铁运营公司的安全管理人员制定合理的轮班方案,建立全面、量化的动态管理措施,提高行车安全保障提供了科学依据。     

企业安全生产管理责任矩阵应用

在全面分析安全生产责任矩阵的基础上,进一步提出针对落实企业安全生产主体责任的企业安全生产管理责任矩阵新方法。围绕企业安全生产责任管理,彻底分解企业安全生产管理任务,明确划分企业安全生产管理个人和部门的角色,并按照每一项安全生产任务有且只有一个角色、每一个角色至少参与一项安全管理任务的准则,建立一般类型的中小企业安全生产管理责任矩阵,将企业安全生产责任管理有序清晰地体现在一个责任矩阵中,使企业安全生产主体责任管理权有所属、事有所任、责有所归。这对指导和落实企业安全生产主体责任具有一定的参考作用和借鉴意义。     

Implementing cash for work programmes in post-tsunami Aceh: experiences and lessons learned

Cash for work (CFW) programmes are utilised in various disaster and emergency contexts and were a prominent component of the tsunami response in Aceh province, Indonesia. This paper describes Mercy Corps' CFW programme, discusses CFW implementation experiences and provides key recommendations for similar programmes in future emergencies. For the majority of CFW participants and their households, CFW was the only source of household income and 93 per cent of household incomes were attributable to it. The CFW programme empowered displaced populations to return to their communities; 91 per cent of participants indicated that CFW facilitated their return. Other reported psychosocial benefits included providing productive activities and giving communities an opportunity to work together. Mercy Corps' experience in Aceh demonstrates that cash disbursements can be safely delivered in a widespread manner in emergencies, and that when implemented on a short-term basis, can have positive impacts at the individual and community level.     

Fires, explosions and related incidents at work in Great Britain in 1996/97 and 1997/98

Incidents in Great Britain reported to the Health and Safety Executive during 1996/97 and 1997/98 involving fires, explosions, runaway chemical reactions and unignited releases of flammable materials are reviewed. Statistical comparisons are made against previous years based on the materials involved, and a number of common themes and causes are identified.     

基于产业结构视角的县域农业增长空间特征研究

基于产业结构视角,系统揭示区域农林牧渔业增长的空间特征,有助于制定科学的农业发展策略。研究借助Esteban-Marquillas拓展模型将县域农业增长分解为份额分量、产业结构分量、净竞争分量和资源配置分量,并借助ESDA方法系统分析2000—2014年京津冀地区县域农林牧渔业增长的空间特征。结果表明：1）2000—2014年,京津冀地区农林牧渔业总体呈现增长态势,且种植业和牧业是农业增长的主要产业。2）京津冀地区县域农业增长具有显著的同质集聚性,集聚效应表现为渔业＞牧业＞林业＞种植业。就产业各分量而言,份额分量和结构分量的集聚效应最强,表现为渔业＞牧业＞林业＞种植业;净竞争分量和资源配置分量仅有种植业和牧业的集聚效应通过统计性检验,并以种植业最强;各分量的显著高高（或低低）集聚县域表现出低重合度,京津冀地区县域农业生产格局尚待优化。3）农业资源配置流向相对合理的Ⅰ类型（竞争优势+专业化程度强）和Ⅳ类型（竞争劣势+专业化程度低）的县域数量不足50%（渔业除外）,表明县域农业资源配置的比较优势不突出,县域间分工协作意识不强。建议加强县域间的经济联系和产业合作,提升资源配置效率,加快实现农业结构升级和布局优化。     

我国企业安全生产培训工作问题及对策

目前我国的安全生产形势依然严峻，重、特大事故频频发生，其重要原因之一是企业职工安全生产意识淡薄。因此通过加强企业安全生产培训工作、提高安全生产培训质量来改善企业职工安全生产意识是安全生产工作中的一项重要任务。本文对中国企业安全生产培训工作存在的问题及如何搞好安全生产培训工作的主要对策进行了探讨。     

中国职业安全的现实问题

中国职业安全现实引起社会关注,特别是务工农民伤亡事故的数字背后,隐含着对职业安全的认识,职业人群的安全健康理念,职业安全健康的法规基础等深层次问题。笔者指出了现代职业安全存在的现实状况;提出需要关注的难点;强调人的安全健康是职业安全的实质;给出了职业安全与安全生产的差异,分析了务工农民的安全意识与安全文化冲突,呼吁职业安全需要法律保障,建立一体化的职业安全健康法律法规体系,以《宪法》为基础,以人为本,保护从业人员的安全健康。     

安全生产管理是企业的生存之本

阐述了安全生产管理在企业生存和发展中的重要性，并就如何提高安全生产管理工作提出了一些切实可行的建议和企业安全生产管理的基本原则和措施。     

学生工作中运用管理学基本知识的探讨

从管理学基本知识入手,谈运用管理学基本知识于学生工作中,尤其是在培养具有组织、协调和管理素质的学生干部来辅助老师开展学生工作或独立开展学生工作上运用管理学知识的探讨.     

Old problems and new dilemmas: the conundrum of environmental management reform in China

ABSTRACT

Underpinning China’s severe and continuing environmental degradation is a stubborn gap between environmental regulation and regulatory enforcement at the local level. In the past, scholars have sought explanations for the causes of this implementation gap by interviewing frontline environmental officials. Due to the fact that the self-perception data used in most of those existing studies were gathered prior to 2012, the possible factors contributing to the compromised effectiveness of local environmental enforcement from 2012 onward remain largely unknown. This empirical weakness should not be overlooked, as the prevailing institutions governing China’s local environmental management practices have been experiencing many frame-breaking transformations since 2012. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with leaders of environmental law enforcement teams in all administrative districts of Guangzhou in 2017, this paper not only summarizes pervasive elements which negatively impact the current effectiveness of environmental regulatory efforts, but also provides qualitative evidence and theoretical accounts for three enforcement dilemmas stemming from reform measures taken by the central government.