A Cu-modified active carbon fiber significantly promoted H2S and PH3 simultaneous removal at a low reaction temperature

• Cu_0.15-ACF performs the best for H₂S and PH₃ simultaneous removal. • 550°C and 90°C are separately calcination and reaction temperatures. • The reason why Cu_0.15/ACF shows better performance was found. • The accumulation of H₂PO₄⁻ and SO₄²⁻(H₂O)₆ is the deactivation cause of Cu_0.15/ACF. Poisonous gases, such as H₂S and PH₃, produced by industrial production harm humans and damage the environment. In this study, H₂S and PH₃ were simultaneously removed at low temperature by modified activated carbon fiber (ACF) catalysts. We have considered the active metal type, content, precursor, calcination, and reaction temperature. Experimental results exhibited that ACF could best perform by loading 15% Cu from nitrate. The optimized calcination temperature and reaction temperature separately were 550°C and 90°C. Under these conditions, the most removal capacity could reach 69.7 mg/g and 132.1 mg/g, respectively. Characterization results showed that moderate calcination temperature (550°C) is suitable for the formation of the copper element on the surface of ACF, lower or higher temperature will generate more cuprous oxide. Although both can exhibit catalytic activity, the role of the copper element is significantly greater. Due to the exceptional dispersibility of copper (oxide), the ACF can still maintain the advantages of larger specific surface area and pore volume after loading copper, which is the main reason for better performance of related catalysts. Finally, increasing the copper loading amount can significantly increase the crystallinity and particle size of copper (oxide) on the ACF, thereby improving its catalytic performance. In situ IR found that the reason for the deactivation of the catalyst should be the accumulation of generated H₂PO₄⁻ and SO₄²⁻(H₂O)₆ which could poison the catalyst.     

流动注射分析仪快速测定水中氰化物方法研究

用流动注射分析仪和723S分光光度计（光度法）测定水中氰化物,进行了一系列的比对实验,结果表明,与GB/T7486-1987异烟酸—吡唑啉酮光度法相比,流动注射分析法测定水中氰化物具有高灵敏度、高精密度、高准确度、分析速度快、不需要人工蒸馏等特点。     

Comparisons of TGA and DSC approaches to evaluate nitrocellulose thermal degradation energy and stabilizer efficiencies

This study investigated the thermal degradation energy (activation energy, E_a) for nitrocellulose (NC) with low nitrogen content of 11.71 mass%, so-called NC3, by using two different kinds of thermal analysis instruments: thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). A comparison of E_a for various nitrogen content NC samples at two scanning rates (5 and 10 °C min^?1) tested by TGA and DSC is also discussed in this paper. Meanwhile, our aim was to analyze the anti-degradation of E_a for NC with high nitrogen content, as so-called NC1. Thermal stability for NC1 with diphenylamine (DPA) was tested via DSC with 10 DPA concentrations in weights of 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.50, 1.75, 2.0, and 3.0 mass%. Experimental results indicated that E_a of NC3s was 319.91 kJ mol^?1. Moreover, that while dosing DPA into NC1 the best recipe could be employed to avoid any violent NC1 runaway and also can be used to distinguish the differences of thermal decomposition E_a between NC with different nitrogen contents. This study established a fast and efficient procedure for thermal decomposition properties of NC, and could be applied as an intrinsically safer design during relevant operations.     

up-BAF同步硝化反硝化工艺去除污染物的机理研究

阐述了同步硝化反硝化的原理,研究了上向流曝气生物滤池(up—BAF)同步硝化反硝化工艺对城市生活污水的处理效果及规律。研究结果表明,同步硝化反硝化工艺对COD、NH3-N的去除率随填料高度的增加而增加,最下层50cm厚滤料去除污染物的效果最好,该工艺脱氮效果不理想,TN去除率只有30％左右。当水力负荷在2．39m／h以下时,水力负荷对COD、NH3-N去除的影响较小。     

水质化学需氧量(COD)在线自动分析仪的发展现状

对水质化学需氧量 ( COD)在线自动分析仪的方法原理、主要类型、主要技术性能以及主要仪器型号等发展现状进行了评述     

全自动甲基汞分析仪测定水和废水中甲基汞

建立了全自动甲基汞分析仪测定水和废水中甲基汞的方法,对较清洁的地表水和一般废水样品可直接衍生化测定,对基体复杂水样则需蒸馏后再衍生化测定。该法在水样中甲基汞含量为0~1 000 pg范围内线性良好,相关系数r为0.999 7,检出限为0.002 ng/L,标准参考物质测定结果均在参考值范围内,相对标准偏差为1.1%,加标回收率为83.2%~96.6%。该法适用于水及废水中甲基汞的检测。     

紫外光度法臭氧自动监测仪及其标准传递方法

随着我国经济的快速增长和城市化进程的不断加速,以臭氧为主的光化学污染问题已成为大气环境保护领域关注的重点、热点问题。对臭氧进行自动监测是环境管理和科学研究的需要,文中介绍了臭氧自动监测仪和臭氧量值溯源体系,重点探讨了臭氧监测干扰因素及标准传递方法,并通过实验比较验证了带光度计的臭氧校准仪具有较好的输出稳定性。     

便携式非分散红外烟气仪在高湿低硫锅炉烟气监测中的干扰和对策

简述了便携式非分散红外烟气分析仪在高湿低硫锅炉烟气监测中,存在采样流量、现场温度以及预处理装置反吹等方面的干扰因素。提出了在锅炉烟气监测中可采取控制采样流量、延长仪器预热时间、反吹预处理装置等措施,消除干扰,保证烟气监测的稳定准确。     

COD测定仪法测定不同水样COD消解时间的差异性

通过实验证实COD测定仪法具有较好的精密度和准确性,与标准回流法的分析结果比较,相对误差为-3.37%~1.41%,具有替代标准回流法的可行性。由于水样性质不同,所需最佳消解时间不同,通过比较不同消解时间下COD测定的结果,得到COD测定仪法测定水中COD所需的最佳消解时间分别为:工业废水60 min,生活污水和地表水90 min。     

连续流动分析仪测定水中氨氮的测量不确定度评定

利用AA3型连续流动分析仪测量水中氨氮,分别对标准物质及稀释过程、标准曲线、测量的重复性、检测方法几个方面引入的不确定度进行评定。氨氮测量结果为(1.23±0.066)mg/L;k=2。