Tsunami mortality and displacement in Aceh province, Indonesia

A survey of 388 Indonesian households displaced by the December 2004 tsunami was conducted in Aceh province in February 2005. Of tsunami-displaced households in Aceh Barat and Nagan Raya districts, 61.8 per cent reported one or more family members as dead or missing due to the tsunami, with an overall mortality rate of 13.9 per cent (95% confidence interval (CI): 12.4-15.4). Risk of death was greatest in the youngest and oldest age groups, and among females. Overall, 36 per cent of tsunami-displaced households indicated an intention to return to their original community within three months, and displaced households residing in host communities were 2.2 (95% CI: 1.2-2.8) times more likely to state an intention to return to their original villages or another community as those residing in camps. The tsunami recovery effort should focus on strategies that facilitate either prompt return or permanent, voluntary relocation for those displaced.     

某水电站进水口边坡变形特征及稳定性评价

某水电站是澜沧江中、下游梯级开发的关键工程,其进水口高边坡地质条件复杂。通过对该电站进水口边坡的物质组成、结构特征、以及边坡开挖等因素的综合分析研究,阐述了其变形机理,说明此高边坡存在如下变形破坏形式:①楔形体滑动破坏;②扩展式的平面型塌滑和滑移型崩塌破坏;③卸荷松弛变形破坏。采用三维块体分析和有限元数值模拟,分析了这类边坡在开挖过程中的应力变形特征及其变化规律。     

对高层建筑临时高压消防给水系统若干规定的探讨

高层建筑的消防设计审核是消防执法中的重要环节.以规范为指导,根据我国国情和具体工程设计情况,对高层建筑临时高压消防水系统中有关消防水泵房的出水管的布置、高位消防水箱的容积以及增压设施的设置几方面的规定进行了探讨.     

高压脉冲液相放电废水处理技术的研究进展

综述了国内外高压脉冲液相放电技术在水处理方面的应用及研究现状,概述了高压脉冲液相放电技术的原理以及目前高压脉冲液相放电技术的主要研究方向,如高压脉冲电源、物理效应、反应器、污染物和降解机理等方面,并提出了此技术存在的问题和前景.     

小型露天采石场爆破作业安全评价方法的探讨

应用安全检查表、事故树、作业条件危险性分析等方法对露天小型采石场爆破作业进行了分析评价,找出了导致爆破作业事故发生的可能因素及可采用的预防途径,为小型露天爆破作业事故的预防提供有益参考.     

含锌废水处理技术的研究进展

综述了传统的物理化学法和生物法处理含锌废水的原理,系统阐述了其研究进展.微生物固定技术是一种新兴而有效的生物处理技术,尤其是硫酸盐还原菌固定化技术,将厌氧活性污泥包埋,构建稳定高效的微生物体系,以加强其抗毒性和处理效率.因此,在含锌废水处理方面具有很大的发展潜力,有望得到广泛应用.     

底泥中营养物质及其他污染物释放机理综述

水体底泥(沉积物)污染,是世界范围内的一个重要环境问题.其污染物主要通过大气沉降、废水排放、水土流失、雨水淋溶与冲刷进入水体,最后沉积到底泥中并逐渐富集,使底泥受到严重污染.总结了底泥中氨氮、重金属的影响因素及释放机理,也指明了持久性有机污染物释放机理研究不足的现状,提出对其释放机理研究的重要性.     

辽宁团山海蚀地貌自然保护区选划研究

根据2003年11月辽宁团山海蚀地貌自然保护区选划研究现场调查,探讨了该区海蚀地貌的成因,评价了海域环境质量和生物多样性,依据海洋自然保护区类型与级别划分原则(GBT17504-1998),确定了保护区类型,并采用定性与定量相结合方法给出了保护区级别。结果表明,保护区海域环境质量总体尚好,生态群落正常,保护区类型符合《海洋自然保护区分类原则》(类别III)相关标准,主要保护对象为海蚀地貌景观,该保护区可建成国家级,这在全国沿海尚不多见。     

Toluene removal characteristics by a superimposed wire-plate dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor

A superimposed wire-plate dielectric barrier discharge reactor was used to remove toluene in this study. The effects of oxygen content, gas flow rate, gas initial concentration and with/without catalyst on toluene decomposition were investigated. It was found that an optimal toluene removal was achieved when the oxygen content was about 5%. Under this condition, the highest toluene removal efficiency of 80.8% was achieved when the gas concentration was 80 mg/m^3. The toluene removal efficiency decreased with the increase of the gas flow rate and the initial concentration of toluene. In addition, the ozone concentration decreased with the increase of the initial concentration of toluene. It suggested that combining DBD （dielectric barrier discharge） with Co3O4/Al2O3/foam nickel catalyst in-situ could improve the toluene removal efficiency and suppress ozone formation. Products analysis showed that the main products were CO and CO2 when oxygen was more than 5%.     

Effects of cerium on growth and physiological mechanism in plants under enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation

Effect of cerium （Ce^3＋） on the growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme system in rape seedlings （Brassica juncea L.） exposed to two levels of UV-B radiation （T1： 0.15 W/m^2 and T2：0.35 W/m^2） was studied by hydroponics under laboratory conditions. After 5 d of UV-B treatment, the aboveground growth indices were obviously decreased by 13.2%-44. 1%（T1） and 21.4%-49.3% （T2）, compared to CK, and except active absorption area of roots, the belowground indices by 14.1%-35.6%（T1） and 20.3%-42.6% （T2）. For Ce＋UV-B treatments, the aboveground and belowground growth indices were decreased respectively by 4.1%-23.6%, 5.2% -23.3%（Ce＋T1） and 10.8%-28.4%, 7.0%-27.8%（Ce＋T2）, lower than those of UV-B treatments. The decrease of growth indices appeared to be the result of changes of physiological processes. Two levels of UV-B radiation induced the decrease in chlorophyll content, net photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency by 11.2%-25.9%（T1） and 20.9%- 56.9%（T2）, whereas increase in membrane permeability and activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase （CAT） and peroxidase （POD） by 6.9%, 22.8%, 21.5%, 9.5%（T1） and 36.6%, 122.3%, 103.5%, 208.9%（T2）, respectively. The reduction of the photosynthetic parameters in Ce＋UV-B treatments was lessened to 3.2%-13.8%（Ce＋T1） and 4.9%-27.6%（Ce＋T2）, and the increase of membrane permeability and activities of antioxidant enzymes except POD in the same treatments were lessened to 2.4%, 8.4%, 6.6%（Ce＋T1） and 30.1%, 116.7%, 75.4%（Ce＋T2）. These results indicate that the regulative effect of Ce on photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymatic function is the ecophysiological basis of alleviating the suppression of UV-B radiation on growth of seedlings. Furthermore, the protective effect of Ce on seedlings exposed to TI level of UV-B radiation is superior to T2 level.