金属改性Pd/Al2O3对煤矿乏风催化氧化性能的影响

以堇青石蜂窝陶瓷为基体的Pd/Al2O3催化剂,通过负载不同金属(M:Ce、Ni、Ba、Mg、Fe、La和Mn)氧化物进行改性,研究煤矿乏风中甲烷的催化氧化反应机理。结果表明,不同金属氧化物负载下M-Pd/Al2O3晶相存在明显差异,Ni和Mg的负载阻止了Al2O3高温下向稳定的α-Al2O3相态转变,Ni和Mg添加与Al2O3形成NiAl2O4和MgAl2O4能有效地提高催化剂的低温催化活性和高温热稳定性;PdO2比PdO催化活性更高,Ni和Mg的负载能维持PdO2相态存在,减弱PdO2烧结发生和促进Pd的均匀分布;Ni、Mg氧化物改性Pd/Al2O3催化剂催化氧化煤矿乏风,具有良好的应用前景。     

Ag/g-C3N4可见光催化降解磺胺甲恶唑的性能及机理

采用光还原方法成功地制备出了Ag/g-C3N4复合光催化剂,并考察了Ag/g-C3N4光催化剂在可见光下降解磺胺甲恶唑的效能、机理及各反应体系中间产物的生成情况,系统性地探究Ag/g-C3N4可见光降解磺胺甲恶唑的过程。实验结果表明,在g-C3N4中引入Ag纳米颗粒可以提高磺胺甲恶唑的降解效率。经可见光照射60 min后,Ag/g-C3N4-1、Ag/g-C3N4-3、Ag/g-C3N4-5、Ag/g-C3N4-8、Ag/g-C3N4-10降解磺胺甲恶唑的一级动力学常数比g-C3N4分别提高了1.29、1.76、3.41、4.82和7.12倍。这说明在可见光下,Ag/g-C3N4更适合于磺胺甲恶唑的高效降解。在Ag/g-C3N4可见光下降解磺胺甲恶唑的过程中,光生空穴和O2-·是主要活性物种,TP98、TP269和TP283是降解过程中的主要中间产物。其中,TP98主要由O2-·作用生成,TP269由·OH作用产生,而TP283受光生空穴的影响比较大。     

HCO3^—对不同水稻品种Zn吸收运输的影响

应用营养液培养的方法,研究了不同Zn浓度下,HCO3^-对缺Zn敏感和耐性水稻品种生长及Zn吸收运输的影响。结果表明,在低Zn浓度下,HCO3^-明显抑制敏感品种根的生长,但对耐性品种根生长有轻微的促进作用;HCO3^-降低缺Zn敏感品种对Zn的吸收及Zn从根向地上部的运输,而对耐性品种影响较小,HCO3^-抑制缺Zn敏感品种生长并诱导缺Zn的最初作用可能是抑制根的生长,进而影响Zn的吸收和运输。     

LaCl3对桃树优质增产的生理学探讨

在桃树果实膨大期喷施ＬａＣｌ３（１５ｍｇ／Ｌρ）３次,能明显提高桃树座果率和单果重,增加产量,改善品质．实验显示,这与稀土镧增加桃树叶片叶绿素含量,提高光合速率,比叶重,希尔反应活力,硝酸还原酶活性,促进光合产物输出等多重生理学作用相关．     

13株真菌对聚β-羟基丁酸酯膜的降解特性

从不同来源的活性污泥中分离筛选出13株可降解聚β—羟基丁酸酯(PHB)的真菌，分别编号为DS9701、DS9702、DS9703、DS9704、DS9705、DS9706、DS9707、DS9708、DS9709、DS9710、DS9711、DS9712、DS9713．对DS97系列真菌降解PHB膜的特性进行了研究．结果表明，各菌株平均降解PHB膜速率之间的差异均达到极显著水平；13个菌株对PHB膜的降解可分为四种类型，即缓慢降解—快速降解—缓慢降解；缓慢降解—快速降解；缓慢降解—等速降解；缓慢降解—中速降解—快速降解。     

邻苯二酚2,3-双加氧酶基因克隆、定位和高效表达

采用特异性引物，以菲、芘降解菌株ZL5的代谢性质粒为模板，扩增出邻苯二酚2，3—双加氧酶(C23O)基因，将该基因和表达载体pET—30a( )连接，转化E.coli JM109(DE3)，获得了高效表达的转化子，SDS—PAGE结果表明，转化子的C23O蛋白不仅在细胞内存在，而且能被分泌到胞外，薄层扫描显示，转化子细胞内和细胞外表达蛋白总量占细胞总蛋白的42％，酶活分析表明，分布在转化子细胞内、外的表达蛋白都具有较高的C23O比活力，Southern杂交将菌株ZL5的C23O基因定位在内生质粒的不同酶切片段上。图5表1参12。     

沿海地区1～3年强震危险性的层次分析

对我国沿海地区１～３ａ强震危险性给出三级层次分析结果。首先分析地震大开势，其次分区研究强震概率增益，最后以华南为例对小层次即潜在震源未来１～３ａ强震概率进行计算。     

Crystallization behavior of predominantly syndiotactic poly(β-hydroxybutyrate)

Predominantly syndiotactic poly(-hydroxybutyrate), syn-PHB, of variable syndioregularity (syndyad fractions 0.59, 0.62, 0.64, and 0.71) and molecular weight was prepared by the dibutyltin dimethoxide catalyzed ring opening of racemic-butyrolactone (BL). The crystallization behavior of the syn-PHB polymers was investigated by DSC and X-ray diffraction analyses. DSC of films after melting and annealing showed at least one, and often two distinct melting transitions occuring over a broad (often 40°C) temperature range. These results indicate that syn-PHB chain segments of variable syndioregularity form crystalline regions with very different thermodynamic stabilities. Maximum degrees of crystallinity for melt annealed 0.64- and 0.71-syn-PHB was observed at an annealing temperature (T _c ) of 30°C. AtT _c values at 45°C and higher, crystallization of relatively lower syndioregular chain segments was apparently excluded to variable degrees dependent onT _c and sample syndiotactic dyad content. After crystallization of syn-PHB samples at elevated temperatures, ambient temperature annealing resulted in an observed lower temperature melting transition at 50°C. This result showed little to no dependence on syn-PHB syndio-regularity andT _c . Both solution precipitated 0.62-syn-PHB and 0.71-syn-PHB have WAXS patterns with poorly resolved crystalline reflections superimposed on amorphous haloes indicating low levels of crystallinity (17% and 25%, respectively) and poorly formed crystals. Isothermal crystallization monitored by DSC showed that the syn- and natural origin PHB showed fastest crystallization rates at temperatures between 50°C and 70°C and 60°C and 90°C, respectively. From the dependence of the higher melting transition onT _c it was determined that the equilibrium melting temperatures for 0.62-syn-PHB (M _n =83,700 g/mol) and a 0.64-syn-PHB (M _n =11,900 g/mol) were 157 and 154°C, respectively. An Avrami analysis of syn-PHB yielded results similar to that found for natural origin PHB indicating that crystal growth occurs by a two-dimensional mechanism.Guest Editor: Dr. Graham Swift, Rohm & Haas.     

球形纤维素吸附剂对Cr3+吸附和解吸的研究

用静态法和动态法研究了球形纤维素吸附剂对水中 Cr3+的吸附和解吸 ,包括静态等温吸附以及各种因素对吸附的影响等 ,并探讨了吸附机理。 Cr3+的吸附容量为 2 8mg/ g,采用浓度为 1.2 mol/ L 的 HCl溶液作解吸液回收 Cr3+的综合效果较好。静态法和动态法的吸附率均达 90 %左右 ,解吸率均达 85 %以上 ,且静态法的吸附率和解吸率分别略高于动态法的吸附率和解吸率 ,但动态法耗时短 ,更符合工业化要求。     

Sex pheromone components of male <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tirathaba mundella</Emphasis> (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Summary. During peak calling activity by male oil palm bunch moths, Tirathaba mundella Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), their hairpencils, wings or entire body were extracted in hexane. Gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) analyses of hair pencil extracts revealed four compounds that consistently elicited responses from female antennae. The NMR spectrum of isolated compound 1, and mass spectra and retention indices of compounds 1–4 suggested that they were (3S,6S)-2,2,6-trimethyl-6-vinyl-tetrahydro-pyran-3-ol (1), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde (2, vanillin), 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (3), and 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanol (4). Comparative GC and GC-MS analyses of hair pencils extract and synthetic standards confirmed these structural assignments. Moreover, comparative chromatography of synthetic and hairpencil-isolated 1 on a Cyclodex-B column (which separated the four stereoisomers with baseline resolution) revealed that male T. mundella produce the SS-stereoisomer (SS-1). In field cage bioassay experiments in Palembang, Indonesia, synthetic SS-1 and vanillin in combination, but not singly, attracted female T. mundella. SS-1 plus vanillin were as effective as male T. mundella in attracting females. Compounds 3 and 4 did not enhance the blend's attractiveness. Received October 11 2002; accepted March 14, 2003. R1D=" Correspondence to: Gerhard Gries, email: gries@sfu.ca