润湿时间统计方法研究

根据日记相对湿度曲线，本文采用了五种方法统计江津地区1998年逐月的润湿时间；五种方法的区别主要在于：(1)相邻两点时间间隔不同，方法2、方法3相邻两点间隔1h，方法4、方法5相邻两点间隔6h；(2)若相邻两点的相对湿度值一个高于80％，另一个低于80％时，则采用了三种不同的方法计算从低点到高点相对湿度低于80％的时间，方法1直接从曲线读取，方法2、方法4则从相邻两点的相对湿度值计算获得，方法3、方法4则取相邻两点间隔时间的一半。方差分析表明五种方法之间没有显著差异，可直接利用国家气象局发布的全年每天2、8、14、20点的相对湿度来统计润湿时间。     

低低温电除尘器灰硫比计算及中国煤种分析

低低温电除尘技术是电除尘新技术,不仅可以提高电除尘器的除尘效率,改善电除尘器对煤种的适应性,还可除去烟气中大部分的SO3,已经成为日本燃煤电厂烟气治理的主流。烟气的灰硫比(D/S)是低低温电除尘器选型设计中的一个重要参数,是电除尘器是否会受到低温腐蚀的评判标准。对烟气灰硫比的定义,计算公式的推导,中国几种代表性煤种的灰硫比,以及灰硫比与腐蚀和提效幅度的关系作了深入的分析。为我国低低温电除尘器的研究和应用推广提供参考。     

利用人皮肤模型评价杀菌类农药腐蚀/刺激性的研究

建立人皮肤模型检测杀菌类农药的腐蚀/刺激性,探讨体外皮肤模型替代农药的动物皮肤安全性评价实验的可行性和影响因素.使用人皮肤成纤维细胞与鼠尾胶原混合培养模拟真皮层,在真皮层上接种人角化细胞,经气液培养形成表皮层.通过细胞活性和细胞因子测定鉴别化合物的腐蚀/刺激性,并比较体外皮肤模型和动物测试结果的一致性.结果表明,皮肤模型对十种农药的腐蚀性测试中,与动物安全评价测试结果完全一致.在刺激性试验中,细胞因子白介素-1a(IL-1a)作为检测终点提高了体外皮肤模型的灵敏性和准确性,人皮肤模型和动物测试结果的一致性达到80％.研究表明,构建的人皮肤模型在对杀菌类农药腐蚀/刺激性测试中初步表现出较好的性能,作为动物替代方法进行农药品安全性评价具有良好的应用前景.     

Experimental studies of crevice corrosion for buried pipeline with disbonded coatings under cathodic protection

Numerous fire and explosion accidents have occurred because of pipeline ruptures through the corrosion area. Coatings under cathodic protection (CP) have been recognized to prevent/mitigate potential pipeline corrosion. In this work, a wedge-shaped crevice assembly was developed to study the effect of cathodic protection on corrosion of 20# steel pipeline with disbanded coatings. Polarization potential, current density, solution pH value, and dissolved oxygen concentration were measured by using the simulation of crevice area with disbonded coatings. Results have demonstrated that CP cannot reach the crevice bottom which reduces the effectiveness of corrosion protection. This effectiveness depends on the crevice geometry and could be improved with the increase of crevice length and decrease of its mouth size. A potential difference always exists between the mouth area and inside crevice. The oxygen concentrations drop significantly inside crevice whether CP is applied or not. The solution pH values inside crevice increase with the time. The solution pH values are higher when the applied CP potentials are more negative. According to the experiments, the effectiveness of cathodic protection could also be improved through enhancement of the local solution alkalinity. The research provides necessary information to prevent potential pipeline ruptures due to crevice corrosion and therefore mitigate potential losses for oil and gas transportation in the process industries.     

Presence of metals in drinking water distribution networks due to pipe material leaching: a review

Drinking water quality should remain constant from the drinking water treatment plant to the consumer's tap. However, water quality characteristics might be affected by interactions with pipe materials. This review describes the iron, copper, lead, zinc, aluminum, chromium, and cadmium in drinking water leached from the pipe material present in drinking water, as well as the factors and mechanisms that affect leaching processes. Data analysis suggests that monitoring the water quality in distribution systems is important for their proper management; however, the low measured concentrations highlight the need for sensitive sensors. In addition, further research is necessary to anticipate possible future effects before the installation of new materials/infrastructure or changes in water source/treatment.     

东黄复线虞河跨越管段焊接补强导致管道弯曲问题的分析

为了解决东黄复线虞河跨越管线补强采用传统的焊接补板所带来的管线承重增加和焊缝增加引起的管线弯曲变形问题,采用有限元分析软件对管道弯曲问题进行计算分析,认为管道应力集中最严重的东侧弯头,在运行压力为4MPa的情况下,弯头处最大Mises等效应力为钢材屈服强度的64．58％,满足GB50253-2003《输油管道工程设计规范》要求。但为增加安全,可采取再设立一个固定支撑等措施。     

大气环境下风电塔筒金属材料的应力腐蚀

塔筒金属材料在大气中的应力腐蚀会导致脆性断裂,从而对产生严重的后果。本文重点论述了应力腐蚀的几种腐蚀机理以及Cl-对应力腐蚀的影响,并介绍了应用较广的慢应力速率试验方法。     

盐雾腐蚀及其试验中需要注意的几个问题分析

本文介绍了产品进行盐雾腐蚀试验的必要性,对中性盐雾试验、醋酸盐雾试验、铜盐加速醋酸盐雾试验、交变盐雾试验分别进行了描述。重点介绍了盐雾试验中需要注意的几个问题:试样预处理、试样的放置、盐溶液pH值及试验温度,并探讨了一些对应的预防措施。     

大气环境因素与腐蚀速率的模糊聚类分析

本文针对我国8个典型大气环境试验站的环境因素数据与基础金属腐蚀数据。采用模糊聚类方法对15项环境因素进行分类,探讨各项环境因素之间的相关性。分析结果表明：有4项环境因素对基础金属腐蚀等级的影响性较高。     

电站锅炉水冷壁和过热器爆管分析

采用宏观形貌分析、化学成分分析、金相显微组织分析、材料力学性能测试、SEM微观形貌分析等手段,对某电站锅炉水冷壁管和过热器管破裂进行了分析。结果表明,热（硫）腐蚀导致的过热器管局部穿孔破裂,以及泄漏产生的高温水汽流对水冷壁管的,中刷磨损是爆管的主要原因,过热器管补焊点的再次泄漏是本次事故的直接原因。