离子镀铝与离子液体电镀铝涂层性能对比研究

目的对比研究离子镀铝和离子液体电镀铝两种涂层的性能。方法针对高强度钢表面环保表面处理的需求,对比研究300M钢表面离子镀铝和离子液体电镀铝两种涂层,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)等对两种涂层的表面、断面微观形貌和成分进行表征;采用原子力显微镜(AFM)对两种涂层表面三维形貌和粗糙度进行观察和测量;采用电偶腐蚀测试两种涂层与铝合金的电偶腐蚀性能;采用缺口试样拉伸方法检测两种涂层对300M钢基体氢脆性能的影响;采用5%Na Cl人工海水周浸试验的方法检测两种涂层的耐蚀性能,与电镀镉钛镀层进行对比,采用电化学方法对涂层试验前后的阻抗谱特性进行检测分析。结果两种涂层表面形貌存在较大差异,离子镀铝经过致密化处理后,表面为均匀的圆饼状形貌,致密度很高,粗糙度约为0.88μm,而离子液体电镀铝涂层表面则为圆顶状的凸起物组成,没有明显的孔洞缺陷,粗糙度约为0.71μm;电偶腐蚀测试显示,两种涂层都能够与铝合金相容连接;缺口试样的拉伸试验结果显示,两种涂层的对基体的氢脆性能没有影响;腐蚀试验结果显示,两种涂层对于300M钢基体都具有良好的保护效果,与传统的电镀镉钛相当,具备了未来替代镉类镀层的潜质。结论两种涂层均匀致密,没有明显的气孔、裂纹等缺陷,电偶腐蚀性能优异,对300M钢基体都不会产生氢脆隐患,耐蚀性能优异。     

30CrMnSiA高强钢在工业和海洋大气环境中的腐蚀行为研究

目的为30CrMnSiA高强钢的大气腐蚀防护设计、应用范围扩展和开发新钢种提供有益的借鉴和参考。方法采用腐蚀质量损失、XRD和SEM研究了30CrMnSiA高强钢在工业和海洋大气环境暴露60个月的大气腐蚀行为。结果 30CrMnSiA高强钢在工业和海洋大气环境中腐蚀质量损失随暴露时间变化的双对数函数分别是lgΔw=2.245+0.387lg t和lgΔw=2.822+0.637lg t。纤铁矿和针铁矿是两种大气环境中形成的腐蚀锈层的主要成分,除了纤铁矿和针铁矿外,在海洋大气环境形成的锈层中还发现了四方纤铁矿。随着暴露时间的延长,在海洋大气环境中形成的锈层呈现逐渐剥落的趋势。结论 30CrMnSiA高强钢在海洋大气环境中表现出较高的腐蚀敏感性,在工业大气环境中表现出较低的腐蚀敏感性。     

碳纳米管的特性及其在防腐涂层中的应用

综述了碳纳米管的结构、性能、制备方法和应用,并简要叙述了碳纳米管的发展历程。着重介绍了碳纳米管在防腐涂层中的研究和应用,其主要应用有化学复合镀、电镀和涂料。最后分析了碳纳米管在腐蚀领域的发展和应用前景。     

ISO 9223—2012标准碳钢大气腐蚀速率预测方程在我国典型地区的适用性研究

目的对ISO 9223—2012标准中碳钢大气腐蚀速率预测方程在我国的适用性进行验证。方法利用我国典型沿海地区、盐渍区、工业污染区的碳钢大气腐蚀数据和同期环境数据,分析碳钢大气腐蚀速率预测值和实测值之间的差异,验证ISO 9223—2012标准碳钢大气腐蚀速率预测方程在我国的适用性。结果根据ISO 9223—2012标准碳钢大气腐蚀速率预测方程,利用气温、相对湿度、二氧化硫沉积速率、氯离子沉积速率四项环境因素数据预测碳钢第一年大气腐蚀速率,在我国12个典型地区的预测效果较好,R^2达到0.90。根据预测值划分的腐蚀等级与实测值划分结果一致性好。结论 ISO 9223—2012标准碳钢大气腐蚀速率预测方程适用于我国大气环境,预测方程中氯离子沉积速率数据可以直接采用挂片法数据。     

基于模糊理论的埋地管道交流干扰腐蚀安全性研究

针对埋地管道交流干扰腐蚀的现象,利用层次分析法建立交流干扰腐蚀综合评估指标体系,构建判断矩阵;将判断矩阵的特征向量作为评估指标的权重,结合模糊数学理论,采用模糊综合评估法对埋地管道的交流干扰腐蚀进行评估.最后通过实例对评估方法进行了验证.     

装饰性塑料电镀件CASS试验问题分析

汽车用塑料电镀件是一种防护--装饰性镀层,既要具备较好的外观装饰效果,又必须具有优良的防护性能,CASS试验是其性能测试的重要项目,本文就塑料电镀件在CASS试验中出现的各种腐蚀缺陷形态进行了总结,分析了抗腐蚀性下降的原因.     

硫酸盐还原菌在油田中的防治方法及研究进展

文章介绍了近年来在油田中防治SRB的各种技术,列举各种技术的最新应用,并对各种技术的原理、特点以及研究进展等方面进行分析与探讨。     

Open-plan office noise: Cognitive performance and restoration

The aim of the present study was to investigate cognitive, emotional, and physiological effects of two open-plan office noise conditions (high noise: 51 LAeq and low noise: 39 LAeq) during work in a simulated open-plan office, followed by four restoration conditions (river movie with sound, only river sound, silence, and office noise) after the work period. Students (N = 47) went through one practice session and two experimental sessions, one each with the low and high noise conditions. In each experimental session they worked for 2 h with tasks involving basic working memory processes. We also took physiological measures of stress (cortisol and catecholamines) and self-reports of mood and fatigue. Analyses indicate that the participants remembered fewer words, rated themselves as more tired, and were less motivated with work in noise compared to low noise. In the restoration phase the participants who saw a nature movie (including river sounds) rated themselves as having more energy after the restoration period in comparison with both the participants who listened to noise and river sounds. Remaining in office noise during the restoration phase also affected motivation more negatively than listening to river sounds or watching the nature movie. The findings bear on the appropriateness of open-plan office designs and the possibilities for restoration available in office settings.     

Effect of stress corrosion cracking at various strain rates on the electrochemical corrosion behavior of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy

This study is aimed to determine the effect of stress corrosion with low strain rates on the electrochemical properties of alloy electrode. Stress corrosion cracking tests of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy in 3.5 wt.% sodium chloride solutions at 25°C were performed. The effects of the electrochemical properties under the stress corrosion with low strain rates were investigated. The microstructures of cross section were observed by optical microscope. The results showed that the ultimate tensile strengths of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy increased and the strain decreased as the strain rates increased. Open circuit potentials (OCP) of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy electrode possess stability and the loop currents (LC) were improved with the increasing of stress in the elastic zone. The variation of OCP and LC did not change with the increasing of strain-rate. The microstructure of cross section observing revealed the mechanism of OCP and LC changing