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631.
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633.
In the cooperatively breeding red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis), male helpers are subordinate to male breeders and do not mate with females, even when unrelated to the breeding female
within their group or through extra-group matings, yet exhibit reproductive hormone profiles similar to those of breeders.
We investigated whether reproduction might be suppressed in helper males via high levels of the stress hormone corticosterone.
We also examined effects of group size and season on corticosterone levels by comparing baseline and maximal plasma levels
of corticosterone between helper males and breeding males, and among helper males and breeders of both sexes living in groups
of different sizes throughout the reproductive cycle. We also measured plasma levels of estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone
to examine other potential hormonal differences between helpers and breeders. Male status did not explain variation in any
hormones; therefore, our data do not support the hypothesis that helper males are reproductively suppressed via corticosterone
or the other hormones investigated. However, the presence of two or more helper males in a group tended to reduce baseline
corticosterone in breeding and helper males, but not breeding females, suggesting that helper males reduce parental effort
of other male group members. Seasonally, maximal corticosterone peaked during the nestling provisioning phase for breeding
and helper males, but not breeder females, suggesting that males show an increased response to stressors posing a potential
threat to survival of offspring. 相似文献
634.
金属材料在盐湖卤水中的耐蚀性 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过现场暴露试验获得了12种典型金属材料在盐湖卤水中暴露181d、415d和810d的腐蚀结果,讨论了它们在卤水中的耐蚀性。TH200、QT500-5、Q235和16Mn在盐湖卤水中的耐蚀性较好。QT500-5的耐蚀性好于TH200。304、316L和430不锈钢在盐湖卤水中发生较轻的点蚀和缝隙腐蚀,耐蚀性较好;其耐蚀顺序为316L>304>430。T2、QSi3-1在盐湖卤水中有好的耐蚀性。L6、6066和LC4(BL)在盐湖卤水中发生严重的点蚀和缝隙腐蚀,耐蚀性差。 相似文献
635.
我国大气腐蚀研究进展(续一) 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
总结了近几年来我国在大气腐蚀方面的研究现状和进展,尤其是国产、常用、量大、面广的4大类材料在我国9类主要典型大气环境下的腐蚀数据积累:各类典型材料在典型环境下的大气腐蚀行为规律;大气环境因素对材料大气腐蚀的影响;碳钢、低合金钢大气腐蚀行为预测。特别是根据8年试验结果所总结出的大气腐蚀速度与试验时间之间具有幂函数关系的基础上.又进一步建立了腐蚀速度与合金元素之间的数学模型关系;探讨了采用ACM技术评估大气腐蚀严酷性;初步建立了大气腐蚀数据库.并正进一步采用计算机发展网络查询服务系统,实现科学数据共享;经20余年之研究.撰写了并出版中国材料自然环境腐蚀专著中大气腐蚀篇,还研制和生产了经济耐候钢。 相似文献
636.
637.
浅议井下油管的腐蚀机理及防腐措施 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
腐蚀已成为影响油气田安全生产的重大不利因素。文章阐述了井下油管的腐蚀现状、特点,对造成腐蚀的环境影响因素进行了系统的分析,并结合腐蚀发生的条件和危害,简要地提出了有效控制井下油管腐蚀的措施,如正确选材与合理设计、缓蚀剂保护、涂镀层保护、阴极保护、改善油田水介质状况、加强和完善管理体制等。 相似文献
638.
微波辅助工艺处理天然气净化废水的应用研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
进行了微波辅助工艺处理天然气净化废水的应用研究,考察了废水色度、COD、SS、含油量和细菌的去除效果以及对废水腐蚀率的降低作用,并进行了同等条件下的常温对照实验。研究结果表明:微波絮凝工艺中絮凝剂PAC和PAM的用量较常温下减少了100 mg/L和5 mg/L,絮凝沉降时间仅为常温絮凝的1/4,最佳微波辐照时间下废水的COD去除率比常温条件下提高4.6%。微波工艺处理后,难降解天然气净化废水的含油量去除率达到了94%、废水中硫酸盐还原菌死亡率达97%以上,废水腐蚀率降为原来的1/7,废水可生化性得到了很大提高,可直接进行好氧生化处理。实验表明,微波辅助工艺对难降解天然气净化废水具有很好的处理应用效果。 相似文献
639.
Bährs H Menzel R Kubsch G Stösser R Putschew A Heinze T Steinberg CE 《Chemosphere》2012,87(11):1193-1200
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) has been shown to affect phytoplankton species directly. These interactions largely depend on the origin and molecular size of DOM and are different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In a preceding study, however, two humic substance preparations did not adversely affect coccal green algae or cyanobacterial growth even at high concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). These results contradicted previous findings, showing a clear, negative response of different phototrophs to much lower DOC concentrations. To test whether or not at least defined building blocks of humic substances (HSs) are effective algicidal structures, we enriched two humic preparations with hydroquinone and p-benzoquinone, respectively, and exposed two different green algae, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and Monoraphidium braunii, and two cyanobacterial species, Synechocystis sp. and Microcystis aeruginosa, to the unmodified and enriched HSs. As response variables, growth rates in terms of biomass increase, chlorophyll-a content, and photosynthetic yield were measured. The highest concentration (4.17 mM DOC) of the modified HSs clearly inhibited growth; the cyanobacterial species were much more sensitive than the green algal species. However, realistic ecological concentrations did not adversely affect growth. Aerating the exposure solution for 24 h strongly reduced the inhibitory effect of the modified HSs. The algicidal effect was obviously caused by monomers and not by polymerised high molecular weight HSs themselves. Furthermore, the maximum quantum yield (Φ PSII max) was stimulated in the green algal species by low and medium DOC concentrations, but reduced in the cyanobacterial species upon exposure to higher HS concentrations. The quinone- and phenol-enriched HSs only showed algicidal activity at high concentrations of 4.17 mM DOC and lost their effects over time, presumably by oxidation and subsequent polymerisation. This study confirms that the applied humic substances themselves are not effective algicides even if enriched in effective structures. 相似文献
640.
通过对现行燃煤电厂脱硫烟囱防腐技术分析,总结了脱硫烟囱防腐失效的原因,提出了脱硫烟囱防腐的技术创新思路。简要介绍了采用自硫化丁基橡胶防腐衬里对燃煤电厂脱硫烟囱进行防腐的可行性和成功案例。 相似文献