嘉峪关市降水偏碱性的成因初探

通过对区域近年来的降水监测数据的收集、整理和分析,探求区域降水特点及主要成因。     

拉萨市环境空气质量与气象特征分析

分析了拉萨市环境空气质量及其拉萨市的地理位置、地形地貌和气候特征的关系。研究结果表明 ,自然沙尘是拉萨市环境空气质量的主要自然源。月降尘量与降水、大风等有明显的相关关系。加快拉萨地区生态环境建设 ,增加植被覆盖率 ,减少沙源是改善拉萨市环境空气质量的关键     

一个能够优化边坡安全稳定系数计算的解析式

简化Bishop法是工程界分析边坡安全稳定性应用最普遍的极限平衡方法,通过三角函数积分得到均质边坡简化Bishop法稳定系数解析式,将该积分式用于边坡分析,不仅可以节省计算工作量,还可以得到安全稳定系数最精确解。     

Single-phase and two-phase anaerobic digestion of fruit and vegetable waste: Comparison of start-up,reactor stability and process performance

Single-phase and two-phase digestion of fruit and vegetable waste were studied to compare reactor start-up, reactor stability and performance (methane yield, volatile solids reduction and energy yield). The single-phase reactor (SPR) was a conventional reactor operated at a low loading rate (maximum of 3.5 kg VS/m³ d), while the two-phase system consisted of an acidification reactor (TPAR) and a methanogenic reactor (TPMR). The TPAR was inoculated with methanogenic sludge similar to the SPR, but was operated with step-wise increase in the loading rate and with total recirculation of reactor solids to convert it into acidification sludge. Before each feeding, part of the sludge from TPAR was centrifuged, the centrifuge liquid (solubilized products) was fed to the TPMR and centrifuged solids were recycled back to the reactor. Single-phase digestion produced a methane yield of 0.45 m³ CH₄/kg VS fed and VS removal of 83%. The TPAR shifted to acidification mode at an OLR of 10.0 kg VS/m³ d and then achieved stable performance at 7.0 kg VS/m³ d and pH 5.5–6.2, with very high substrate solubilization rate and a methane yield of 0.30 m³ CH₄/kg COD fed. The two-phase process was capable of high VS reduction, but material and energy balance showed that the single-phase process was superior in terms of volumetric methane production and energy yield by 33%. The lower energy yield of the two-phase system was due to the loss of energy during hydrolysis in the TPAR and the deficit in methane production in the TPMR attributed to COD loss due to biomass synthesis and adsorption of hard COD onto the flocs. These results including the complicated operational procedure of the two-phase process and the economic factors suggested that the single-phase process could be the preferred system for FVW.     

区域生态环境预警的原理与方法

本文提出了以区域持续发展的能力作为区域生态环境预警的综合指标,进一步用承载力、稳定性、缓冲力、生产力和调控力作为衡量区域持续发展的能力。选取生态、环境和社会经济指标对区域生态环境质量进行评价,以及对经济发展的协调性和适应性进行分析,作出判断和预警,并讨论了区域生态环境预警的综合方法。     

关于建立地震灾害指标体系的研究：地震灾情的综合信息系统

建立地震灾害指杯体系,对全面、系统地反映灾情是十分重要的。本文对地震灾害指标和指标体系的定义及指标的类型、建立指标体系的基本原则及其结构、功能等进行了论述。     

北京地区采暖期SO2熏烟型污染及评估

随着北京城市建设的发展，为了保护环境，北京市的新建生活区均采用集中供热系统。燃烧后的有害气体通过烟排向大气，经过高空稀释后的烟气可以降低污染负荷，但是在某此气象条件下仍然造成了地面局部污染，本文在北京市丰台区一个生活小区的供热系统污染源环境影响评价的基础上，讨论了熏烟污染的发生及危害。     

陕西小秦岭高山河地区金矿流体包裹体特征及成矿物理化学条件

小秦岭高山河地区金矿受太古界太华群变质基底与中元古界蓟县系高山河组碎屑岩盖层之间的区域不整合面及其叠加断裂构造控制。矿床形成于中低温中浅成环境，成矿流体作为低盐度低密度，成分以Na+、K+、Cl-、Ca2+为主，金矿形成于中性-弱碱性还原条件。热液上升到浅部，由于温度压力和二氧化碳逸度降低，并与围岩交代反应促使金在不整合面附近的断裂中充填成矿。     

环境质量演变特征与环境管理效果响应关系解析

通过对环境管理措施的实施效果与环境质量变化之间的解析中,找出影响环境空气、地表水和环境质量趋势变化有直接或间接关联的经济、管理对策及卓有成效的措施,为下一步环境管理导向提供一定借鉴.文章在综合分析技术领域中积极尝试如何通过描述环境质量环境变化来体现管理效果的最有效的结合方式,从而能使环境质量分析结果在管理中得到最大程度的有效应用.     

苏胶地体碱质闪石柯石英榴辉岩的意义

苏胶地体碱质闪石柯石英榴辉岩有两类：含碱质闪石（蓝闪石）黝帘石榴辉岩和含兰晶石碱质闪石榴辉岩．在这两类岩石的石榴石和辉石中均能见到柯石英残晶或其假象。估算其温压条件，温度为750－980℃、压力28．5～31．5×108pa；推测它们的形成是苏胶地体发生、发展、定位的终结产物。