Psychosocial risks in small enterprises: the mediating role of perceived working conditions in the relationship between enterprise size and workers’ anxious or depressive episodes

Purpose. The relationship between enterprise size and psychosocial working conditions has received little attention so far but some findings suggest that conditions are more favorable in small enterprises. This could have a positive impact on workers’ mental health. The objective of this study was to test the mediating effect of perceived working conditions in the relationship between enterprise size and anxious or depressive episodes. Methods. Data from the 2010 SUMER – Surveillance Médicale des Expositions aux Risques professionnels (French periodical cross-sectional survey) were analyzed; N?=?31,420 for the present study. Anxious or depressive episodes were measured with the hospital anxiety and depression scale and the perceived working conditions were psychological demand, decision latitude and social support as assessed with Karasek's job content questionnaire. The indirect effect was tested according to the method proposed by Preacher and Hayes. Results. In a multivariate logistic regression, the risk of anxious or depressive episodes was found to be lower in micro enterprises (2–9 employees). Formal tests pointed to a significant indirect effect of enterprise size on mental health through perceived working conditions, with a larger effect for psychological demand. Conclusion. This study highlights perceived working conditions as an explanation of the effects of enterprise size.     

Facilitators and barriers to occupational health and safety in small and medium-sized enterprises: a descriptive exploratory study in Ontario,Canada

Purpose. The purpose of this particular study was to test a newly created instrument in describing the facilitators and barriers to occupational health and safety in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ontario, Canada. Methods. A cross-sectional design was used to identify the occupational health and safety culture of SMEs in public and private sectors in Ontario. Results. A total of 153 questionnaires were completed. The majority of respondents were female (84%) with a mean age of 49.8 years (SD 10.6). Seventy-four percent were supervisors. Seventy percent of respondents were from the private sector while 30% derived from the public sector including healthcare, community services, and non-profit organizations. Further, conducting regular external safety inspections of the workplace was found to be statistically associated with a safe work environment 2.88 95% CI [1.57, 5.27]. Conclusions. Strategies and training opportunities that focus on how to adapt occupational health and safety legislation to the nature and diversity of SMEs are recommended. Furthermore, employers may use such information to improve safety in their SMEs, while researchers can hopefully use such evidence to develop interventions that are applicable to meeting the occupational health and safety needs of SMEs.     

水污染环境损害鉴定评估的因果关系判定方法研究

因果关系判定包括环境暴露与环境损害间因果关系判定和环境污染物从源到受体的暴露路径的建立与验证两个部分.因果关系判定是环境损害鉴定评估的重点和难点,因果关系的判定对环境损害案例的结果起着十分重要的作用.在结合印染企业水环境污染事件案例实践基础上,对水环境污染事件环境损害鉴定评估的因果关系判定方法进行了探讨,为环境污染损害鉴定评估方法研究提供技术支持.     

目前国有企业人力资源管理存在的问题与改进对策

目前国有企业在从传统人事管理向现代人力资源管理模式转变过程中遇到了改革受阻、效果不佳、观念落后、定位不高等问题,这些问题的产生主要是由于传统思想认识、落后的工作开发定位等根本性原因.因此,国有企业应采取树立新型大人力资源观念,加强人力资源管理部门自身建设,运用现代人力资源管理手段切实处理好培训开发、激励、评估等关键问题的改进对策.     

关于大中型企业防震减灾工作的探讨

文章通过介绍强烈地震对大中型厂矿企业所造成的地震灾害 ,主要探讨在大中型厂矿企业开展抗震设防、地震应急及防震减灾宣传三方面工作     

矿山企业安全管理交互式模糊综合评价决策支持系统设计

安全管理是企业管理的重要组成部分，是实现安全生产的有力保证。决策支持系统是实现安全管理定性与定量分析有机结台的有效手段。从建立实用的安全管理信息系统的角度出发，详细论述了系统分析与系统设计的思想、方法、内容和步骤，阐述了开发矿山企业安全管理交互式模糊综合评价决策支持系统（SMDSS）的意义，介绍了SMDSS的基本结构和基本功能，描述了SMDSS的综合评价机理，并给出了SMDSS的人机交互式评价过程。     

Supplier assessment based on corporate social responsibility criteria in Indian automotive and textile industry sectors

Mandatory disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting forces supply chain members to consider CSR issues in developed countries. Researchers have viewed CSR content within different themes, such as human (social), ethical and environmental perspectives. So far, in India, very little research has been done to study the impact of human issues in employment (social), ethical issues in business operations and pollution (environmental) issues at both regional and specific sector level. This paper emphasises the perspective view of supplier selection, considering CSR issues as opposed to traditional methods using conventional selection criteria such as cost, quality, delivery and service. It employs six CSR criteria such as discrimination, abuse of human rights, child labour, long working hours, unfair competition and pollution to assess small- and medium-sized suppliers who produce and deliver products to the automotive and textile industry sectors. The results of this study indicate that to prevent discrimination against pay variation, minimise cases of abuse of human rights and incidence of child labour, suppliers must put in place proper policies and procedures regarding employment contract, identification and verification records. Furthermore, to reduce unfair competition, suppliers of both automotive and textile sectors may introduce processes for investigating reports of unethical conducts and take severe disciplinary action. The suppliers of both automotive and textile sectors believe that the competitive advantage can be achieved through environmental oriented business practices. However, they differ in their approaches in attaining this objective.     

新形势下中小企业自主创新能力培养探究

在新的市场环境下。中小企业面临新的竞争和挑战,中小企业要在激烈的市场环境获取更多的发展机会,需要具备良好的自主创新能力,在运行过程中需要积极开展自主创新活动,从多方面提升自身的综合竞争力,为获取更多的利润创造良好的条件。中小企业自主创新的过程也是新产品开发和价值形成的过程,在新的市场环境下,中小企业需要注重新技术开发。从管理、技术、文化、营销等角度把握市场发展机会,积极推进自主创新工作不断开展,为中小企业自主创新能力提升和可持续发展营造良好的氛围。     

进口废五金类加工利压定点企业管理研究

随着我国进口废物环境管理与政策的完善,进口废五金电器、废电线电缆、废电机定点加工利用企业管理逐步完善,但仍存在行业技术装备水平和管理规范性低等问题。本文详述了定点企业生产布局、生产设备、污染治理设施及管理制度的现状及存在问题,并提出相应的建议,为进1：2废五金类企业的发展提供指导依据。     

工业企业厂界噪声测量问题探讨

围绕现行的GB12348—2008《工业企业厂界环境噪声排放标准》在厂界噪声测量中测量指标不明确、方法简单、测点位置未细化等问题,通过对增压站、集输站等进行厂界噪声测量,对存在问题进行分析探讨,提出解决这些问题的方法与改进建议。