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Chun-Yu Chen Kuo-Chi Chang Gwo-Bin Wang 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2013,26(6):1198-1211
High-tech industries, such as those producing semiconductor and TFT-LCD (Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display), have recently become the most important economic activities in Taiwan. Each of these industries has a complete chain of supply from raw material production, production pre-processing, product manufacturing, to waste handling. Any company in the chain is a critical component, since any accidents of fire, explosion, gas leakage, or power outage would cut off the supply chain, causing inability of continuous operation. In industries of semiconductor and TFT-LCD, great amounts of special gases and chemicals with many machinery equipments are used in the production processes. In cases of accidents or improper installation, this chain of supply, from raw material production, preproduction, product manufacturing, to waste handling materials and equipments may cause severe damages or incidents.This study used the existing model of the horizontal furnace to develop a simulation program. The simulation results were consistent with the existing model, and produced even slightly better results on temperature distribution and temperature sensitivity. The simulation model applied on a vertical furnace could provide data on furnace temperature control for industrial use. Meanwhile, this study also deduced actual temperature control and an ISD strategy, which are consistent with design strategy principles.The validation results on the proposed temperature distribution model suggested that the model can be applied in temperature distribution and sensitivity analysis to obtain adjustment and control models for various heating zones. In the case of a single tool, when processing reduction is 60 pieces, switching off the two heating zones can reduce 44% of power output, for a capacity utilization rate of 93.7% for the entire plant. The application of the proposed temperature control model can reduce power consumption by 121.4 kWh. In addition, with the same number of tools, facilities layouts in two cases have an area difference of 41.4775 m2, thus shortening the evacuation time for operators. The experimental results proved that the proposed model has realized the ISD principles of intensification, attenuation, and limitation of effects. 相似文献
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通过对我国大型游乐设施的发展概况、风险管理现状、危险因素辨识、风险评价和风险控制等五个方面进行了分析总结.研究发现,目前已初步建立游乐设施法规体系,逐渐形成了法律、法规、规章、安全技术规范和技术标准的五层次体系,大型游乐设施运营单位安全管理正在向标准化、体系化管理方向发展.我国还没有对各类大型游乐设施进行危险性分析,有关标准和规范中并没有提到明确的风险分析和评估方法,在游乐设施的设计、制造、安装、使用、改造、修理和检测过程中也没有形成一套系统、科学的风险分析和评估方法. 相似文献
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Although moisture has a decisive role in the permanence of cellulose and unprinted paper, its role in ink release from the surface of printed recovered papers remains unclear. This work aimed to determine whether various relative humidity levels in the artificial aging test affect ink release from the surface of the paper and its fibers when pulping cold-set offset printed newspapers in alkaline pulping conditions. The results showed that relative humidity variations from 30% to 70% negligibly affected ink release at 60 °C. However, compared with these lower humidity levels, exposure to 90% relative humidity for at least 25 h resulted in a higher ink content bound to fibers, a greater formation of visible dirt specks after pulping and a smaller formation of microscopic ink particles. In practical applications, the accurate estimation of climate effects during the storage and the transportation of recycled papers requires that humidity conditions are taken into account while performing artificial aging tests with paper products. 相似文献
515.
热控系统是便携式生保系统的一个重要组成部分,其功能是维持航天员的热舒适性状态。舱外活动(EVA)时间是影响热控系统设计的主要因素,它和代谢水平一起决定了热控系统的设计能力。热控系统的重量和体积直接影响某一设计方案的可行性。本文介绍了便携式生保系统中热控系统的设计要求和主要性能指标。通过分析,比较了几种热控系统的性能、提出了我国未来便携式生保系统热控系统的设计方案。 相似文献
516.
Mikael Hult María Jos Martínez Canet Peter N. Johnston Kazuhisa Komura 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2002,60(3)
During the JCO-accident in Tokai-mura in 1999, the surrounding village was irradiated by an uncontrolled neutron flux. At some locations in that village, the thermal neutron flux was determined retrospectively by measurement of the very low activity of 51Cr and 60Co in stainless-steel spoons using γ-ray spectrometry in underground laboratories. Activities determined in the HADES underground facility are presented here, together with calibrations performed using a well-defined thermal neutron flux to directly estimate the fluence of thermal neutrons independent of most assumptions. The results show measurable 51Cr in three samples and 60Co in four samples taken from locations at distances of up to 430 m from the accident location despite the elapse of 4 half-lives of 51Cr before measurement. Effects of air transport of the samples were considered and shown to be negligible. 相似文献
517.
A. Laurent M. Baklouti J.P. Corriou J.L. Gustin 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2006,19(6):509-515
The present study concerns a hazardous event which occurred in an industrial storage tank of a ground insecticide. A preliminary post-accident approach of the hazard evaluation is performed. The rapid report of the presence of an unstable functional group in the active product and of its potential thermal instability (CHETAH indices) has led to complete this examination by an experimental study of thermal analysis using isotherm exposition measurement (DTA) or with temperature programming by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and oxidability tests (BAM). The apparent kinetics of decomposition of the active matter of the ground insecticide has been represented by a global Arrhenius law.
A model designed for the simulation of heterogeneous thermal runaways based on the numerical solution of the transient mass and energy balances has been further applied to define the critical conditions of the storage and simulate its behavior.
The results obtained during this analysis with the experienced feedback allowed us on one side to explain the hazardous event and especially on the other side to modify the operating protocol of the conditions of formulation of the active matter on the inert mineral support. 相似文献
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