江苏省城市道路交通噪声污染状况评析

对1996～2002年江苏省城市噪声源的构成以及道路交通污染状况和变化趋势进行了评析，指出在城市机动车拥有量不断增长的情况下，全省城市道路交通噪声总体达标，且呈现下降趋势。但仍要对部分污染较重的超标路段加强控制。     

Identifying crash type propensity using real-time traffic data on freeways

Introduction: We examine the effects of various traffic parameters on type of road crash. Method: Multivariate probit models are specified on 4-years of data from the A4-A86 highway section in the Ile-de-France region, France. Results: Empirical findings indicate that crash type can almost exclusively be defined by the prevailing traffic conditions shortly before its occurrence. Rear-end crashes involving two vehicles were found to be more probable for relatively low values of both speed and density, rear-end crashes involving more than two vehicles appear to be more probable under congested conditions, while single-vehicle crashes appear to be largely geometry-dependent. Impact on Industry: Results could be integrated in a real-time traffic management application.     

SoundPLAN在交通噪声对住宅小区影响评价中的应用

采用实测法对小区内的代表性点位进行噪声监测,并记录主要道路的车流量,将实测的车流量及道路相关参数输入到SoundPLAN预测软件中进行预测,计算预测值与实测值的差值。结果表明,偏差在2.8 dB(A)以内说明该软件可以用于交通噪声对住宅小区的噪声影响预测。用SoundPLAN预测软件绘制了住宅小区的平面和横截面声等值线图,形象的表达了交通噪声对住宅小区的影响。     

重庆市主要公共集会场所、交通道路和风景旅游区环境空气质量的研究

通过对满足选点标准的5个调查点和7个空气质量质控对照点，一年四个季度每季度抽样5d以上连续自动监测环境空气质量的科研性监测方式，共获取各类有效数据约20万个，从而以定量的方式确定了重庆市主要公共集会场所，交通道路和风景旅游区的环境空气质量水平。     

城郊道路交通带状多线源污染扩散模式研究

为研究适用于路面宽,等级高的城郊道路大气污染扩散模式,以Ｃａｌｉｎｅ－３有阴长线源污染扩散模式为基础,并以上海浦东新区道路网为实例,将带状线源的概念引入线源扩散模式研究,建立了新的带状多线源污染扩散模式,分析了气象条件,初始扩散,道路基本工程参数对大气污染扩散的影响,引用实例数据,对所建立的ＢＭＬＳＭ模式进行了检验,并与Ｃａｌｉｎｅ－２模式进行了对比。结果表明,采用本研究建立的带状多线源污染扩散模     

道路交通噪声对包铁工校教学环境的影响的分析

临街学校受到交通噪声干扰,影响了教学环境,本文通过调查实测了巴彦塔拉大街包铁工校所在地段交通噪声状况,分析了噪声对学校教学的影响。     

深圳城区噪声污染分析

通过对近年深圳市区域环境噪声及道路交通噪声的监测数据分析,发现深圳市交通声源是长期影响城市区域环境噪声的主要因素,其根源在于城市机动车辆增加迅速,路网过密,而配套设施跟不上,造成对城区域环境噪声污染相对集中,城区声环境日趋恶化。      

Modified grey model for estimating traffic tunnel air quality

This study compared three forecasting models based on the mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) of their accuracy in forecasting air pollution in a traffic tunnel: the Grey model (GM), the combination model used four sample point and five sample point prediction with GM (1,1)(GM(1,1)^4 + 5), and the modified grey model (MGM). An MGM was combined using the four points of the original sequence using the original grey prediction GM (1,1) for short-term forecasting. The proposed method cannot only enhance the prediction accuracy of the original grey model, but can also solve the jump data forecasting problem something for which the original grey model is inappropriate. The MAPE was applied to the models, and the MGM found the proposed method to be simple and efficient. The MAPE of MGM, calculated over 3 h of forecasts, were as follows: 10.12 (Upwind), 10.07 (Middle) and 7.68 (Downwind) for CO; 10.79 (Upwind), 6.05 (Middle) and 5.98 (Downwind) for NO _x , and 11.67 (Upwind), 7.32 (Middle) and 4.56 (Downwind) for NMHC. The MGM model results reveal that the combined forecasts can significantly decrease the overall forecasting error. Results of this demonstrate that MGM can accurately forecast air pollution in the Kaohsiung Chung–Cheng Tunnel.     

Assessment of a General Finite Line Source Model and CALINE4 for Vehicular Pollution Prediction in Ireland

A comparative evaluation of two Gaussian-based line source models namely, California line source dispersion model version 4 and the general finite line source model, is presented. The concentrations predicted by these models are compared with background-corrected ambient concentrations measured at three different distances from a motorway and performance of both models assessed in the context of integrated transport–environment modelling for regulatory purposes.     

环境与道路交通

道路上行驶的机动车辆对环境造成噪音和尾气污染,对此,提出了行之有效的对策和措施。