填埋气体爆炸危险性评价方法研究

提出了一种评价建筑物内发生填埋气体爆炸事故概率的理论与试验方法。     

城市消防安全影响因素及评估体系研究——以海南某沿海城市为例

在前人评估重点研究公共消防基础、灭火救援力量的基础上,增加消防安全形势、火灾防控工作对城市消防安全影响因素的研究,以海南某沿海城市为例,采用层次分析法构建城市消防安全评估体系,设置定量化评分判定基准,运用模糊集值统计法计算得分。评估结果表明体系更真实地反映了该市消防安全现状及火灾防控薄弱环节,最后针对高风险项提出具体改进措施。该体系模型丰富了评估指标数量;宏观考虑了该市热带气候、旅游型城市特征、火灾情况对消防安全形势的影响;更重要的是,提出将社会面火灾防控工作纳入评估体系。研究对于城市消防安全评估的宏观化、系统化、地域化、实用化、定量化都有一定参考意义。     

城镇形象与环境艺术可持续发展设计理论的探究

城镇形象是根据不同城市所处的不同地理位置、自然环境、经济贸易水平等因素给予大众不同的印象总和,在社会经济不断发展,城市化发展迅速的情况下,提升城镇形象显得尤为重要。在可持续发展战略方针的作用下,注重城镇环境,并对城镇的环境实施艺术加工设计,表达出各个城镇不同的文化底蕴和地方特色,是目前城市化发展的重要举措。基于此,本文将对城镇形象与环境艺术可持续发展设计理论进行探究分析。     

新加坡绿道建设对潮州城市绿道系统规划的启示

目前潮州城市城市建设的迅猛发展使得生态环境呈超负荷的状态,而绿道建设和推进能有效推动我囯城市生态环境的良性发展。花园城市新加坡的绿道系统及整体生态环境的发展有许多经验可借鉴和采纳,本文通过总结出新加坡绿道建设的一些优秀案例,提出适用于潮州城市绿道建设的建议,为潮州城市"城市绿道网络系统与慢行系统"的规划与建设作支撑,推进生态环境建设。     

长三角区域典型城市大气污染特征及防治建议

长三角区域是工业集聚程度高、大气环境污染形势较为严峻的区域。本文以长三角区域的典型城市南京市作为分析对象,研究其大气污染特征,分析主要污染物的组成和来源,从而深入了解长三角地区大气污染问题的影响因素,并有针对性地提出有效的防治建议。     

城市生态规划和生态修复中气象技术的应用研究

气候因素能够对城市生态规划和生态修复造成较大的影响,通过科学使用气象技术可以对城市生态规划进行改善,同时还能促进生态修复。本文主要对城市生态规划和生态修复中的气象技术进行分析,对气象技术在该领域的应用也做了一定的研究,旨在更好地促进城市生态规划和修复的发展。     

城市河道黑臭水体污染治理技术研究

城市河道黑臭水体对市民生活有严重不良影响,黑臭水体形成复杂、治理难度大。本文通过分析黑臭水体的外源性及内源性成因,明确了黑臭水体来源与治理方向,同时从控源截污、底泥修复、水体净化等方面研究了有效治理城市河道黑臭水体污染的技术,旨在进一步明确其治理策略,以期为有效治理提供参考。     

不同减排情景下城市机动车污染防治措施研究

机动车数量的增加严重威胁城市环境,本文在不同减排情境下,开展城市机动车污染防治措施研究。使用清洁能源代替不可再生能源作为机动车动力燃料;明确责任制度,强化机动车管理体制,提升空气质量;布设城市监控设备优化交通结构,减少排放源;完善法律制度,协调经济发展与环保关系;发展公共交通,倡导绿色出行理念,降低城市机动车尾气排放污染。     

Risk analysis of Chongqing urban rail transit network

Urban rail network safety is a critical sector of urban public safety. However, there is no uniform standard for the safety evaluation of the urban rail network. This paper presents a novel methodology by integrating a multilevel decision tree with a fuzzy analytical approach to enhance urban rail network safety. The proposed methodology overcomes serious limitations such as subjectivity in the data and independence of the variables in decision-making processes. The proposed methodology is applied to the risk evaluation of the selected Chongqing rail transit lines and the Expo Line. The risk analysis is considered using the field data collected from these transit lines. The applied case studies confirm the general applicability of the methodology and the multilevel decision tree network. The main risk factors identified for the Chongqing rail traffic system are the terrorist threat, emergency management, and aging infrastructure which need to be investigated as a priority to mitigate risk associated with these infrastructures.     

Light distribution in dynamic street lighting: Two experimental studies on its effects on perceived safety,prospect, concealment,and escape

The relationship between light and perceived safety at night is intuitively strong, yet theoretically and empirically its workings are largely unknown. Intelligent dynamic road lighting, which continuously adapts to the presence and behavior of users, can light the street only when and where it is needed. As such, it offers a solution to the energy waste and luminous pollution associated with conventional road lighting. With this innovation, however, new questions emerge about the effect of lighting on perceived safety. We need to consider not only how much lighting pedestrians need to feel safe, but also which parts of the street should be lit. In two experiments, we investigated the effect of different light distributions on perceived safety, and explored mediation by people's appraisal of three safety-related cues suggested in the literature: prospect (having an overview), escape (perceived escape possibilities), and refuge/concealment (perceived hiding places for offenders). Both experiments, one with stationary and one with walking participants, demonstrated that people prefer having light in their own immediate surroundings rather than on the road that lies ahead. This could be explained, partially, by changes in prospect, escape, and concealment. Against expectations, prospect was higher with lighting distributions in which participants' immediate surroundings, but not the more distant parts of the road, were most strongly lit.