大学校园安全的技防与人防

论文结合现有文献分析了大学校园存在周边环境复杂、学生安全意识薄弱、未能落实安防制度和安全责任、安全设备运用不足等问题,提出大学校园的安全工作应遵循人防与技防相结合的原则,建议通过安全人防的岗位责任制、培训机制、安保部门和公安机关联动机制、奖励机制,以及技防的安防设备配置全面规划、意外安全事故风险防范、安防设备和技术的自主创新等方式,来改善大学校园的安全水平。     

2016—2020年全国化工和危险化学品事故分析研究*

为分析“十三五”期间（2016—2020年）我国化工和危险化学品事故发生情况，统计“十三五”期间化工和危险化学品事故数量及死亡人数，从发生月份、发生区域、行业分布等方面分析事故特征，从事故类别、事故环节、关键作业等方面分析事故原因，总结2011—2020年我国化工和危险化学品事故发展趋势，按照全国4大经济区域研究2013—2020年事故特征。结果表明:“十三五”期间我国化工和危险化学品事故数量呈下降趋势，死亡人数出现波动，总体形势较为平稳。2011—2020年化工和危险化学品事故风险向中西部转移趋势明显，东北、西部地区事故死亡率普遍高于东部地区。研究结果可为相关行业从业者及监管部门提供决策参考。     

Arts as a vehicle for community building and post‐disaster development

Use of the arts in international aid is common in an ad hoc form, but it has not been systematically theorised or evaluated. The arts have the potential to be a culturally contextualised and sustainable intervention for adults and children in the aftermath of war or disaster. On the micro level, the arts are a method to enable the retrieval and reprocessing of traumatic memories that are often encoded in images rather than in words. On a macro level, they can help to reconstruct a group narrative of a disaster as well as mobilise people back into control of their lives. This paper researches a long‐term project using arts in Sri Lanka following the civil war and tsunami. A central finding is the need to understand arts within their cultural context, and their usefulness in strengthening the voices and problem‐solving capacities of the victims of the disaster.     

Environmental damage: distinguishing human from geophysical causes

Abstract

During the past two decades it has become increasingly common to attribute “naturala” disasters and other damaging environmental events to proximate or underlying causes that are socially produced. Through an examination of three cases, two of them historical, this paper demonstrates that underlying causes within the geophysical domain are also important. Few types of environmental damage or disaster stem from unalloyed human causes or geophysical ones; complex intermixtures are the rule.     

Research on Methods for Building Volcano Disaster Information System--taking Changbai Mountain as an example

1IntroductionAs a many-volcano-distributed country,China is covered with many volcanoes and lava rocks.A-mong the one-thousand-or-so volcanoes,Changbai Mountain Volcano,Wudalianchi Volcano,Tengchong Volcano and Ashikule Volcano of West Kunlun are the mostlatentcatastrophic erup-tive active volcanoes.In recent years,the activity of the earth' s crust in some volcanic areas isobviously becoming increasing violent.Butfew scholars have monitored and evaluated volcano inChina.So building VDI…     

A review of public acceptance of nature-based solutions: The ‘why’, ‘when’, and ‘how’ of success for disaster risk reduction measures

Nature-based solutions (NbS) are increasingly recognized as sustainable approaches to address societal challenges. Disaster risk reduction (DRR) has benefited by moving away from purely ‘grey’ infrastructure measures towards NbS. However, this shift also furthers an increasing trend of reliance on public acceptance to plan, implement and manage DRR measures. In this review, we examine how unique NbS characteristics relate to public acceptance through a comparison with grey measures, and we identify influential acceptance factors related to individuals, society, and DRR measures. Based on the review, we introduce the PA-NbS model that highlights the role of risk perception, trust, competing societal interests, and ecosystem services. Efforts to increase acceptance should focus on providing and promoting awareness of benefits combined with effective communication and collaboration. Further research is required to understand interconnections among identified factors and how they can be leveraged for the success and further uptake of NbS.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-021-01502-4.     

中国铀矿冶放射性污染防治"十三五"规划思路研究

首先从放射性废水、废石及尾矿、放射性废气、运输、退役及辐射环境管理等六个方面介绍了中国铀矿冶三废处理现状,分析了中国铀矿冶在放射性污染防治方面所存在的辐射安全状况依然严峻、环境保护技术滞后、退役治理存在较明显的局限性与片面性、铀矿冶标准体系有待完善、地下水污染与控制措施及其研究不够等问题,最后对"十三五"中国铀矿冶放射性污染防治提出了加快铀矿冶退役治理进程、加强铀矿冶废水处理技术研究工作、进一步加强铀矿山井下辐射防护工作、加快铀矿冶退役治理工程长期监护机制的出台、全面梳理铀矿冶法规标准体系的建议,以期为中国铀矿冶领域放射性污染防治提供科学的和系统的工作思路.     

人工湿地堵塞机理及防堵措施浅析及研究

人工湿地作为一种高效率、低投资、低运行费用、低能耗的污水处理技术,越来越受到世界各国的关注。随着人工湿地的不断推广与应用,堵塞是影响其应用和推广的主要因素之一。湿地发生堵塞后,基质的渗透系数会急剧下降,过水能力也随之降低,大量引入湿地系统的污水直接雍积在湿地表面,长期积水引发恶臭、导致蚊蝇滋生,恶化运行环境。本文通过对人工湿地运行过程中出现的填料堵塞机理与特点进行分析,归纳和总结了人工湿地堵塞的影响因素,提出了人工湿地堵塞相应的解决措施,提高人工湿地对污水的处理效果,以期能够为人工湿地的应用及推广提供参考。     

天津市＂十二五＂大气污染联防联控规划分析解读研究

天津市作为京津冀地区重要城市之一,经济迅速发展,环境空气质量保持稳定形势不容乐观。研究分析了‘‘十一五”期间天津市大气污染防治工作进展和环境空气质量变化趋势,探讨了未来天津市经济持续发展带来的能源消耗、机动车保有量及施工面积等的增加与大气复合污染防治面临的压力与挑战,提出了“十二五”期间大气污染防治对策与建议,重点涉及控煤、控尘、控车、加强保障等方面,为促进天津市经济可持续发展、持续改善环境空气质量起到指导作用。     

大型油库消防系统存在问题分析及预防

对某些油库消防系统存在的阀门泄漏、冬李稳高压系统投用、消防自动设施故障、泡沫液失效、设计规范问题进行了分析,提出要从施工质量、隐患整改、消防演练、维保检测4方面进行预防,保证消防系统在扑灭初期火灾时效能达到最优。