以养殖废水为底料的微生物燃料电池产电性能与水质净化效果

以养殖场沼泥为接种物,构建了乙二胺、三氯化铁改性碳毡阳极的单室无膜微生物燃料电池,探讨了2种阳极改性电池的产电规律,考察了其去除养殖废水中COD、氨氮的效果以及臭味的表观性状变化。结果表明,以葡萄糖为底物时,乙二胺、三氯化铁改性阳极微生物燃料电池在启动20 d和22 d后分别达到稳定,输出电压分别为0.514 V和0.527V(外阻为500Ω),对应输出功率密度分别为332 mW/m2和349 mW/m2。逐渐增大废水投加比例至原水时,2个电池的最大功率密度分别为208 mW/m2和158 mW/m2,COD去除率分别为85%和78%,氨氮去除率分别为52%和45%。此外,养殖废水的臭味去除效果明显。因此,构建的2种改性阳极微生物燃料电池可以利用养殖废水产电,同时使水质得到一定程度的净化。     

Experimental evaluation of PCDD/Fs and PCBs release and mass balance of a WTE plant

The behaviour of waste incineration plants with respect to organic toxic trace contaminants such as PCDDs, PCDFs and, to a minor extent, PCBs, is still a matter of concern for the public opinion and the decision makers. It is therefore very important, first, to evaluate the release of these organic toxic trace contaminants in the environment during waste incineration, not only through the stack gas emission but also with the solid and liquid residues, and then to compare the total release with the input through the treated waste in order to assess the plant behaviour as a “sink” rather than a “source” of organic toxic trace contaminants. The experimental investigation carried out on an Italian full scale incineration plant has shown a total 17 PCDD/Fs and 12 dioxin-like PCBs release of 5.5-27 μg WHO-TEQ per tonne of treated waste and an input flux of 1.6-44 μg WHO-TEQ per tonne of waste, with the difference between the input and the output fluxes rather small and the plant behaviour toward organic trace toxic contaminants in average neutral. Results are compared with similar evaluations conducted in the last decade on a number of waste-to-energy (WTE) plants operating in Italy.     

2×300MW燃煤发电机组电除尘改造方案设计

通过比较2×300 MW燃煤发电机组3种电除尘改造思路的可行性,综合考虑空间布置、运行的安全可靠性,确定采用袋式除尘技术加以改造。电除尘器改造为袋式除尘器的方案,包括主要设计参数选择、系统设计、改造工程费用与预期的环境效益。改造后,袋式除尘器运行安全、可靠,完全满足国家烟尘排放标准。     

Rainfall Runoff Relationships for a Cloud Forest Watershed in Central America: Implications for Water Resource Engineering1

Caballero, Luis A., Alon Rimmer, Zachary M. Easton, and Tammo S. Steenhuis, 2012. Rainfall Runoff Relationships for a Cloud Forest Watershed in Central America: Implications for Water Resource Engineering. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 48(5): 1022‐1031. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2012.00668.x Abstract: Understanding the basic relationships between rainfall and runoff is vital for effective management and utilization of scarce water resources. Especially, this is important in Central America with widespread potable water shortage during the dry months of the monsoon. Potential good water sources are cloud forests, but little information concerning its potential is available to water supply engineers. Our objective is to define rainfall‐runoff‐base flow relationships for a cloud forest catchment. Flumes were installed for measuring river flow in four subwatersheds in La Tigra National Park, Honduras. One of the four watersheds was a 636‐ha subwatershed (WS1) with 60% cloud forest coverage. Precipitation averaged 1,130 mm/yr over the entire basin. About half of the total rainfall became runoff for the cloud forest watershed whereas, for the adjacent undisturbed forested watershed, the total discharge was <20% of the amount of precipitation. Infiltration rates were generally greater than rainfall rates. Therefore, most rainfall infiltrated into the soil, especially in the upper, steep, and well‐drained portions of the watershed. Direct runoff was generated from saturated areas near the river and exposed bedrock. This research provides compelling evidence that base flow is the primary contributor to streamflow during both wet and dry seasons in cloud forest catchments. Protecting these flow processes over time is critical for the sustained provision of potable water.     

利用高频电源提高除尘器除尘效果研究

针对锅炉静电除尘器烟尘排放浓度达不到天津市环保要求的问题,为了提高除尘器的除尘效果,通过采用将除尘器常规工频电源改为高频电源的方案,确保锅炉烟尘排放浓度最终达到30mg/Nm3的环保要求。文章分析了除尘器出口烟尘含量高的原因,阐述了高频电源的优点及在除尘器中的应用,并提出了改造技术方案。     

浅谈燃气发电厂如何实施清洁生产

文章通过对某燃气发电厂实施安装投入运行溴冷机、改造增压机控制系统、改造厂房冷却水回收系统、改造余热锅炉尾部加装换热器、实现余热再利用等清洁生产的技术措施,实施小指标考核等清洁生产的管理措施,取得较好的节能降耗效果。这些措施为同类企业实施清洁生产提供了经验,并为企业降低能耗指标提供了技术支持。     

燃煤电厂电-袋复合除尘器滤袋损坏原因分析

着重对电-袋复合除尘器存在的PPS滤袋短期内出现非寿命期大面积损坏的原因,以及针对电-袋复合除尘工艺技术中的部分不同意见,进行了进一步的分析和探讨;提出电-袋复合除尘器与袋式除尘器在技术经济上并没有特殊优势,且电-袋复合除尘器在应用中已发现了一些重大问题,因而应引起有关重视,在选择采用这种工艺技术时要慎重。     

大型燃煤电站电袋复合除尘器的应用研究

对大型燃煤电站电一袋复合除尘技术进行了较全面的分析研究,如气流组织最优方案确定、脉冲喷吹系统选型及参数优化、粉尘荷电对滤料阻力的影响及高压电源的优选等。研究表明对电袋复合除尘器来说,袋式除尘区采用阶梯式布置是一种较为理想的气流组织方式,活塞式脉冲阀具有更好的清灰性能,粉尘的荷电有助于减小除尘设备的阻力,三相电源的性能优于单相电源。     

我国生活垃圾焚烧工程分析

分析了我国生活垃圾的基本特征、垃圾焚烧厂的效益和垃圾焚烧厂的现状,展望了我国垃圾焚烧工程的发展趋势。     

如皋市工业源COD产排污强度及其产业构成分析

以第一次全国污染源普查数据为依据,分析了如皋市工业源COD产排污强度及其产业构成特征。不同行业群对GDP的贡献和对COD的贡献呈现明显倒挂,COD产排污大户主要集中在该市的一些传统产业,重点污染源企业治理水平明显高于一般污染源企业。在此基础上,就如皋工业源COD产排污水平、产业结构优化在降低COD产排污强度中的意义以及强化传统产业污染治理的主要途径等问题展开了讨论。