Sam Mannan and his scientific publications: A life in process safety research

Dr. M. Sam Mannan is one of the true pioneers in the process safety area, spending almost his entire lifetime in process safety and risk research. He was dedicated to ‘make safety second nature’ and published an impressive body of work. An overview of his research helps understanding the process safety area and provides insight in the legacy of this process safety pioneer. In this paper, 327 publications authored by Dr. Mannan from 1999 to 2019 in Web of Science core collection were downloaded and visually analyzed from four perspectives: his publication outputs, collaboration networks, topic areas, and highly cited papers and cited references. The results show a rapidly increasing trend in his research activity, mostly through journal publications. He published in 53 different outlets, with Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries being most frequently selected. Dr. Mannan had a very active and diverse worldwide network, and collaborated with 18 different countries/regions, nearly 90 different institutions and 387 authors. His publications addressed process safety-related topics widely, including safety related to liquefied natural gas, explosions, runaway reactions, inherent safety, flammability and aerosol, and more recently resilience. Dr. Mannan's most cited paper focused on ‘fuzzy risk matrix’, whereas the most frequently cited reference in his work is ‘thermal hazard evaluation by an accelerating rate calorimeter’ by Townsend DI in 1980. Based on his most recent research activity, promising future directions for process safety research include resilience linked to risk assessment and management, for instance through the ‘safety triad’ concept he promoted shortly before passing away.     

基于1983—2019年文献计量对多环芳烃降解基因研究及进展的剖析

为全面、系统地了解1983—2019年37年间多环芳烃降解基因研究领域的发文趋势、主要的研究国家和机构、研究热点及其变化趋势等,本文以Web of Science核心数据库为数据源,利用文献计量学方法对此进行分析,结果表明：①全球对多环芳烃降解基因研究的重视程度越来越高,而且分子生物学的技术手段在该研究领域中得到了广泛应用,发文主要集中于微生物学、生物技术与应用微生物学、环境科学等3个学科;②美国、中国、日本、德国等国家发文较多,相比其他国家,中国需进一步加强与其他研究机构间的交流合作;③1983—1995年该研究领域侧重于高效降解菌的筛选及其特性研究,1996—2019年则大规模展开了对其降解途径多样性的研究,近年来更侧重于运用多种生物信息技术来研究多环芳烃的代谢机理及构建生物降解调节机制;④目前已报道了nah、phd、nag、phn、nar和nid等6类多环芳烃降解菌的功能基因,为污染场地的生物修复提供了相应支撑.     

基于Web的安全法规符合性评估系统

在分析安全法规符合性评估现状和存在问题的基础上,提出基于Web的安全法规符合性评估系统的技术框架.通过将辨识的安全法规按要素分类、给出量化评估指标体系,构建基于web的安全法规符合性评估系统,实现法规数据库检索、指标体系的计算机辅助定量评估、多人联评、移动终端现场评估、自动生成报告等功能.并以某测井企业为例,开发了安全法规符合性评估系统并已投入使用.应用结果表明,基于web的设计和移动终端的应用使得该系统表现出较好的现场应用性,该系统可提高企业安全法规符合性评估效率,是提高企业安全生产保障能力及满足政府监管要求的有效途径.     

基于Web of Science的1900～2012年长江研究文献计量分析

为了揭示有关长江研究的热点与发展动态,以Web of Science数据库为资料来源,利用文献计量学方法及TDA软件,对1900~2012年长江研究文献的发文量、国家、机构、作者、期刊、学科、关键词进行数据统计与分析。结果表明:(1)长江研究大致分为3个阶段:初步发展时期;探索时期;快速发展时期;(2)中国发表的关于长江研究的论文最多,国外主要国家及机构来自美国、日本、澳大利亚;(3)中国科学院是国内长江研究的主要机构;(4)国内外十分关注地质学、环境科学、水资源和气象学的研究。     

基于Web的地压实时监测系统

针对矿井井下地压难以有效实时远程监测的现状,开展了井下地压远程监控研究。考虑到井下作业大范围、多参数的复杂性,设计了一个基于串口服务器的Winform与ASP.Net相结合的网络化地压监测系统。对系统结构功能、硬件设计、监测软件设计进行了介绍。现场运行结果验证了该系统的数据传输稳定性、实时性、操作灵活性和扩展性,实现了实时准确地对井下地压的远程监测。     

On the joint valuation of averting fatal and severe injuries in highway accidents

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the benefits of road transport safety projects, planners need the monetary value of averting fatal and severe injuries. Usually, contingent valuation and risk-risk studies have been used. The contexts posed by both survey techniques do not represent the choice situation a driver faces when having to choose among alternative routes with different levels of safety. METHOD: We set up a stated choice web page survey in which individuals had to choose between two routes for a hypothetical trip between two cities; thus implicitly revealing their preferences for safety both in terms of reducing the number of fatal victims and of severely injured victims. RESULTS: For Chilean routes we were able to estimate approximate values of US$300,000 and US$140,000 for a reduction in one fatality and one severely injured victim, respectively. IMPACTS: Our evidence could be valuable for road planners in other developing nations.     

GIS在防震减灾中应用的发展趋势研究

地理信息系统技术应用于防震减灾工作中，极大地提升了我国防震减灾的科学水平，开拓了防震减灾新途径。目前，GIS技术在地震预报、震害预测、地震区划等防震减灾科学研究领域已得到较为广泛的应用。当今社会的发展，以信息技术和空间应用为特征，WebGIS，Open GIS，三维GIS成为今后GIS在防震减灾研究中应用的重要发展方向。     

Detection of Asian dust aerosols using meteorological satellite data and suspended particulate matter concentrations

The advection and dispersion of Asian dust events from China to the Pacific Ocean around Japan during 2000–2002 were investigated using the meteorological satellite data of NOAA/AVHRR and GMS-5/VISSR. Aerosol vapour index images, taking the brightness temperature difference between 11 and 12 μm, are very effective for monitoring the Asian dust phenomenon in the East Asia region, with their capacity for detection during the day or night. We discuss the dust events, focusing on the advection patterns shown in satellite images, which are classified into three types as ‘dry slot’, ‘high-pressure wedge’ and ‘travelling high’, based on synoptic patterns. The results are compared with suspended particulate matter concentrations measured at Japanese surface stations and with ground-based observations of Sakurajima volcano by a web camera system at Kagoshima in Kyushu, Japan. We found that the passage of cold fronts caused a rapid increase of suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentrations, which exceeded 100 μg m⁻³, and that deep low-pressure complexes strengthened the dust phenomenon. The ‘high-pressure wedge’ type is seen much more clearly in satellite images than the ‘travelling high’ type, but SPM concentrations and visibility were similar in both owing to the differences in the vertical distribution of the dust and in viewing conditions.     

网站信息的安全策略研究

网站是信息的发布中心 ,其数据库中存放着大量的供用户共享的重要信息 ,因此 ,网站信息安全是网站建设和运行过程中应该充分考虑和重视的问题。笔者从信息之源 (数据库 )、数据库运行环境 (操作系统 )以及信息发布平台 (Web服务器 ) 3个方面 ,论述了网站信息安全问题 ,并结合当前流行的实用系统 ,阐述了网站信息的安全策略     

基于Web of Science的国际夜间经济研究热点与脉络

基于1990—2019年Web of Science核心合集收录的292篇夜间经济文献,借助CiteSpace软件进行可视化分析。结果发现:①国际夜间经济研究的文献数量呈波动上升趋势,学科交叉研究特征显著。②发文学者集中于欧美澳地区,已形成多个紧密的合作网络。③研究历程可分为萌芽探索、逐步推进和快速发展三大阶段。④领域研究聚焦于夜间犯罪与暴力、夜间治安与管理、群体特征与行为、夜间旅游与休闲等。