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61.
目的研究水热反应时间对氧化锌吸波性能的影响,以获得高性能吸波材料。方法通过控制水热反应时间,制备不同形貌的氧化锌半导体材料,并采用XRD、SEM、TEM等表征手段,分析水热反应时间对氧化锌半导体材料形貌及结构的影响。利用矢量网络分析仪测定该材料在2~18 GHz频率范围内的相对复介电常数和复磁导率,采用MATLAB模拟分析不同厚度下水热反应时间对氧化锌半导体材料吸波机制及吸波性能的影响。结果当水热反应时间为12 h时,氧化锌在高频率处可达到较好的吸波效果,最大回波损耗可达?52.86 dB。结论通过控制水热反应时间,可实现对氧化锌的形貌进行调控,进而得到吸波性能优异的氧化锌吸波材料。 相似文献
62.
Hyeon Jin Jung Ravindranadh Koutavarapu Seulki Lee Ju Hyun Kim Hyun Chul Choi Myong Yong Choi 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2018,30(12):107-115
To achieve enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of lindane, we prepared metal–semiconductor composite nanoparticles (NPs). Zn@ZnO core–shell (CS) nanocomposites, calcined ZnO, and Ag-doped ZnO (ZnO/Ag) nanostructures were prepared using pulsed laser ablation in liquid, calcination, and photodeposition methods, respectively, without using surfactants or catalysts. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. In addition, elemental analysis was performed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The obtained XRD and morphology results indicated good dispersion of Zn and Ag NPs on the surface of the ZnO nanostructures. Investigation of the photocatalytic degradation of lindane under UV–vis irradiation showed that Zn@ZnO CS nanocomposites exhibit higher photocatalytic activity than the other prepared samples. The maximum degradation rate of lindane was 99.5% in 40 min using Zn@ZnO CS nanocomposites. The radical trapping experiments verified that the hydroxyl radical (·OH) was the main reactive species for the degradation of lindane. 相似文献
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64.
利用碳酸盐矿化菌在底物诱导下的酶化作用,分解产生碳酸根离子,矿化固结环境(土壤水体)当中的游离重金属离子,减少其危险。文章以Zn2+溶液模拟重金属离子污染体系,研究过程中发现,生产的矿化产物主要是ZnO.5(OH)62(CO)3。分别用菌粉和菌液进行微生物矿化试验,对矿化产物进行底物分解率,SEM,XRD,矿化粒径的对比研究。从对比研究结果看,菌粉复活后,可以达到与菌液基本相同的矿化效果。而菌粉相对于菌液而言,其主要优势在于能长时间储存,产品体积小,运输起来更方便,因此,菌粉具有更广泛的应用性。 相似文献
65.
废催化剂为生产醋酸乙烯过程中产生的废弃物,经过热处理直接得到ZnO/活性炭。以ZnO/活性炭为吸附剂,进行了吸附水溶液中甲基橙(MO)实验,在优化条件下,实验浓度范围内甲基橙溶液的吸附去除率均高于97%,表明ZnO/活性炭适于吸附甲基橙。采用准二级动力学模型和粒子内扩散模型研究ZnO/活性炭对水溶液中甲基橙的吸附动力学,并计算得到动力学参数和相关系数。结果表明,两种模型较好地描述了实验数据,其吸附过程的速率控制步骤为膜扩散控制,并随溶液初始浓度的增加准二级速率常数降低,面内扩散速率常数增加。 相似文献
66.
The increased production and commercial use of nanoparticles (NPs), combined with a lack of regulation regarding their disposal, may result in the unwanted introduction of NPs to soils. In this study, the toxicity on soil enzyme activity and growth of Cucumis sativus treated with Zn or ZnO NPs was evaluated in pot soils. Specifically, C. sativus was cultivated in soils treated with Zn NPs, ZnO NPs or Zn2+ for eight weeks, after which the treatment effects on biomass and bioaccumulation were evaluated. In addition, the treatment effects on soil dehydrogenase, β -glucosidase and acid phosphatase were investigated. Soil enzyme activities were influenced by all treatments, with an especially large decrease in dehydrogenase activity in response to Zn2+ treatment. Biomass and root length also decreased in response to Zn2+ treatment. Finally, the Zn contents of C. sativus were much lower in the Zn NP and ZnO NP treatment groups than in the Zn2+ treatment group. Therefore, toxicity on soil microbial activity may have a greater influence than phytotoxicity due to immobilisation and aggregation of NPs in the soil. 相似文献
67.
This paper presents an exploratory study of pulp mill bleaching effluent treatment by a biological-photocatalytic coupled system. A fungus, Trametes pubescens, immobilized on polyurethane foam was used to inoculate the biological pre-treatment system. The pretreated effluent was then exposed to a photocatalytic treatment in which two catalysts (TiO2 and ZnO) and two supports (aluminum foil and Luffa cylindrica) were tested. Catalyst characterization was carried out by means of X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Information about crystalline structure, chemical composition, morphology, homogeneity and distribution on the support surface area was obtained. The overall biological-photocatalytic coupled system achieved degradation of 96% of initial total organic carbon (TOC), 97% of 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), 90% of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-CP) and 99% of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP). This approach of synergistic coupling of T. pubescens and a semiconductor photocatalyst appears to be a viable alternative for the treatment of these non-biodegradable effluents. 相似文献
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69.
Kamaraj M. Ranjith K. S. Rajeshwari Sivaraj Rajendra Kumar R. T. Hasna Abdul Salam 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2014,26(11):2362-2368
Photocatalytic degradation of Bisphenol A (BPA), a representative endocrine disruptor chemical, was carried out under irradiation of sunlight in the presence of CexZn1-xO nanophotocatalyst. Cerium (Ce) ions were successfully incorporated into the bulk lattice of ZnO by simple co-precipitation process. The CexZn1-xO composite nanostructures exhibited higher photocatalytic efficiency than pure ZnO in the degradation of BPA under sunlight irradiation and nearly complete mineralization of BPA was achieved. The degradation rate was strongly dependent on factors such as the size and structure of catalyst, doping material concentration, BPA concentration, catalyst load, irradiation time and pH levels. This work suggested that the CexZn1-xO assisted photocatalytic degradation is a versatile, economic, environmentally benign and efficient method for BPA removal in the aqueous environment. 相似文献
70.
低温湿式化学法制备ZnO纳米棒阵列膜及其光催化活性研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用一种简单的低温湿式化学方法,即将预处理好的锌片直接放人5%甲酰胺水溶液中,在65℃烘箱中加热24 h,在锌片基底上成功制备出了大面积具有良好取向的ZnO纳米棒阵列.用XRD、SEM、DRs、PL等测试手段对其进行了表征.研究结果表明,ZnO纳米棒是六方钎锌矿晶,与基底垂直,具有沿(002)晶面择优生长的特征.另外,该阵列薄膜在379 nm附近发出强荧光,禁带宽度为Eg=3.28 eV.以自镇流高压汞灯为光源、以ZnO纳米棒为催化剂处理水中的甲基橙.结果显示,ZnO纳米棒的光催化反应为一级反应,表观速率常数与甲基橙的初始浓度有关. 相似文献