云南山区公路事故多发路段安全对策措施研究

分析云南山区公路严峻的交通形势,及山区公路交通事故的特征、事故形态及影响因素,研究山区公路交通事故发生的机理。从人、车、路和环境等方面分析事故产生的原因,提出针对云南山区事故多发路段安全对策措施。分析表明,在云南山区,路况、人员安全素质、车辆性能、安全管理均处于较低水平,是重大事故多发的根本原因。提高系统安全性,实现系统功能最强,应使系统各要素相互匹配,以实现本质安全。     

内蒙古省级层面碳汇总量评估必要性与框架初探

结合国内外最新研究进展，制定适合内蒙古区域特点的碳汇测算方法和评估体系框架，科学估算碳汇状况，系统分析我区不同陆地生态系统类型的碳汇大小及其机制，可提供关于我区陆地生态系统碳汇功能可信、翔实和正确的估算结果；新时期省级层面上开展陆地生态系统碳汇总量评估十分重要。     

旅游安全认知:内涵、结构及相关变量

旅游安全认知是信息加工的结果,广义上包括旅游者的安全意识、安全关注、安全认知程度和旅游从业人员的安全意识与安全管理认知；狭义上主要指旅游者的安全感知.其结构可分为综合维度认知结构、安全问题认知结构和旅游情境认知结构.前因变量包括人口统计学因素、熟悉程度、旅行经历、负性经历、旅行目的、文化背景等；结果变量包括目的地形象知觉、旅游决策、旅游行为及情绪、满意度、重游意愿和口碑宣传.未来研究应着重改善研究方法,深入探讨相关变量之间的作用机制,寻求旅游安全认知干预的有效对策.     

风电机组与民爆危险品建筑物间安全防护距离的研究与选定

针对风电机组选址与民爆企业安全管理的突出矛盾,研究分析了风电机组和民爆危险品建筑物间安全距离设定的原则和方法,深入剖析了重大危险影响因素,并结合现行标准规范和国外相关规定及经验做法,估算了安全距离值,探讨了安全距离设定的可能性、合理性和适应性,提出了安全距离设定的建议和参照依据。     

安全评价在钢铁企业的应用研究

在钢铁企业有效应用安全评价,不但能够有效识别现场的危险因素,确定危险源,及时妥善地采取安全对策措施,还能够促进安全管理重心下移,实现逐级管理,更有利于消除现场人的不安全行为和物的不安全状态.     

Quantitative Assessment of a Tanzanian Integrated Conservation and Development Project Involving Butterfly Farming

Abstract: Scientific understanding of the role of development in conservation has been hindered by the quality of evaluations of integrated conservation and development projects. We used a quasi‐experimental design to quantitatively assess a conservation and development project involving commercial butterfly farming in the East Usambara Mountains of Tanzania. Using a survey of conservation attitudes, beliefs, knowledge, and behavior, we compared 150 butterfly farmers with a control group of 170 fellow community members. Due to the nonrandom assignment of individuals to the two groups, we used propensity‐score matching and weighting in our analyses to control for observed bias. Eighty percent of the farmers believed butterfly farming would be impossible if local forests were cleared, and butterfly farmers reported significantly more participation in forest conservation behaviors and were more likely to believe that conservation behaviors were effective. The two groups did not differ in terms of their general conservation attitudes, attitudes toward conservation officials, or knowledge of conservation‐friendly building techniques. The relationship between butterfly farming and conservation behavior was mediated by dependency on butterfly farming income. Assuming unobserved bias played a limited role, our findings suggest that participation in butterfly farming increased participation in conservation behaviors among project participants because farmers perceive a link between earnings from butterfly farming and forest conservation.     

化工事故应急救援仿真演练系统的实施探讨

阐述了化工事故应急救援仿真的必要性及其国内外研究进展;提出整个系统的框架并设计系统开发过程的模型;分析了基于高层体系结构(HIA)的仿真系统的开发要点,给出参考开发工具,从而为整个系统开发提供思路.     

Stock market responses to chemical accidents in Japan: An event study

Despite recent major chemical process accidents in Japan, the top management teams of firms still avoid taking costly risk reduction measures because of their low perceived impact on firm performance. The disclosure of information on accident risks might motivate managers to enhance workplace safety because of the subsequent evaluation of firms by investors in stock markets. If the disclosed risk information is newly available for investors, firms with a high risk of accidents would receive a poor evaluation by stock markets and thus managers would take risk reduction measures to prevent stock prices from declining. In this study, we conduct an event study analysis to examine whether accident risk information is already reflected in stock prices, using data on the Japanese chemical industry. The results of our event study show that the estimated cumulative average abnormal returns of firms' stocks are significantly negative after severe accidents actually occurred. This finding implies that risk information is not already reflected in the stock prices of Japanese chemical firms and that the disclosure of accident risk information has the potential to motivate the top management teams of firms to reduce their firms’ accident risk.     

基于系统安全观的道路交通安全立法体系重构研究

介绍和分析现代道路交通安全治理的3种思想。应用其中非常值得我国借鉴的系统治理思想对现行道路交通安全立法进行分析。现行道路交通安全立法仅围绕驾驶人的行为控制而设计,围绕道路交通安全管理部门的职能而展开,在很大程度上局限于道路交通秩序管理,在体系上存在缺失,影响道路交通安全治理的工作及其成效。基于当前形势分析,我国有必要也有条件借鉴道路交通安全系统治理的先进思想,重新构建道路交通安全立法的体系。该体系的重构需从道路安全保障、车辆安全保障、交通秩序管理、运输安全运营、交通事故处理等5个方面展开。     

交通事故动态分析法在肇事逃逸案件侦查中的研究与实践

针对传统交通事故动态分析法在交通肇事逃逸案件侦查中投入高、效率低、精度差的缺点,笔者在信息主导警务理念的指导下,综合运用逻辑学、系统科学、社会学、心理学、情报科学相关原理,动态分析交通事故现场的痕迹、车辆行驶轨迹、道路交通环境、警情综合信息、驾驶人行为与逃逸心理,以及受害者损伤特征,准确掌握车辆或驾驶人局部特征,从而为侦破交通肇事逃逸案件提供精确的查缉信息,使警务行动实现精确用警、快速反应和精确打击的目标。笔者给出了利用动态分析法侦破交通肇事逃逸案件的流程和步骤;指出提高办案水平,迫切需要加强警务信息和社会信息的有效融合,研发专门系统,强化信息研判。