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The inorganic nitrogen transformations occurring at a municipal waste leachate treatment facility were investigated. The treatment
facility consisted of a collection well and an artificial wetland between two aeration ponds. The first aeration pond showed
a decrease in ammonium (from 3480 (± 120) to 630(± 90) mg ⋅ L−1), a reduction in inorganic nitrogen load (3480 to 1680 mg N ⋅ L−1), and an accumulation of nitrite (< 1.3 mg-N ⋅ L−1 in the collection well, to 1030 mg-N ⋅ L−1). Incomplete ammonium oxidation was presumably the result of the low concentration of carbonate alkalinity (∼2 mg ⋅ L−1), which may cause a limitation in the ammonium oxidation rate of nitrifiers. Low carbonate alkalinity levels may have been
the result of stripping of CO2 from the first aeration pond at the high aeration rates and low pH. Various chemodenitrification mechanisms are discussed
as the reason for the reduction in the inorganic nitrogen load, including; the reduction of nitrite by iron (II) (producing
various forms of gaseous nitrogen); and reactions involving nitrous acid. It is suggested that the accumulation of nitrite
may be the result of inhibition of nitrite oxidizers by nitrous acid and low temperatures. Relative to the first aeration
pond, the speciation and concentration of inorganic nitrogen was stable in the wetlands and 2nd aeration pond. The limited
denitrification in the wetlands most probably occurred due to low concentrations of organic carbon, and short retention times. 相似文献
134.
研究重稀土元素钇(Y(Ⅲ))对短程反硝化工艺的短期和长期影响.结果表明,1~50mg/L的Y(Ⅲ)对亚硝酸盐的积累量无明显影响,60~100mg/L的Y(Ⅲ)会影响硝酸盐的还原和亚硝酸盐的积累.1~10mg/L的Y(Ⅲ)对细菌活性呈现促进作用,20~100mg/L的Y(Ⅲ)对细菌活性呈现抑制作用.胞外吸附的Y(Ⅲ)是抑... 相似文献
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Historical trends of heavy metal contamination and their sources in lacustrine sediment from Xijiu Lake, Taihu Lake Catchment, China 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
Concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn and Hg in Xijiu Lake sediment from the Taihu Lake catchment, China, were analyzed. Their contamination state was investigated based on the geoaccumulation index and enrichment factors. Statistical analysis was used to differentiate the anthropogenic versus natural sources of heavy metals (HMs), and the anthropogenic accumulation fluxes were calculated to quantify anthropogenic contribution to HMs. The results indicated that the lake sediment had been heavily contaminated by Cd, enrichment of Zn and Hg was at a relatively high level, while that of Cu and Pb was in the lower-to-moderate level and Cr was in the low enrichment level. Sources of Cr in the sediment were mainly from natural inputs, while other metals, especially Cd, were predominantly derived from anthropogenic sources. In the past century, anthropogenic accumulation fluxes of Pb, Zn and Hg increased by 0.1-47.3 mg/(cm2.yr), 2.4-398.1 mg/(cm2.yr), and 3.7-110.3 ng/(m2.yr), respectively, accounting for most inputs of HMs entering the sediment. The contamination state of HMs varied with industrial development of the catchment, which demonstrated that contamination started in the early 20th century, reached the maximal level between the mid-1970s and mid-1990s, and decreased a little after the implementation of constraints on high contamination industries, although the contamination of some HMs, such as Cd, Zn and Hg, is still at high levels. 相似文献
137.
MapGIS技术支持下的宜宾市翠屏区宋家乡环境地球化学质量评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用地质累积指数和污染程度分析方法,结合MapGIS空间分析技术,对宜宾市翠屏区宋家乡项目区土地质量进行系统的环境地球化学质量评价,重点对调查区的重金属元素(As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Zn、Cu、Pb、Ni)情况进行土壤质量评价。结果显示,宋家乡研究区土壤中存在不同程度的Hg、Cd、Cr、Zn、Pb、Ni和Cu重金属超标,主要集中在洋坪村、丘陵村和大地村,而大地村的镉超标较为严重,整个研究区砷没有出现污染。为此,结合实际查明造成重金属污染的原因,为该区土壤资源、环境评价和农业经济发展规划提供实用的地球化学信息。 相似文献
138.
镉污染大田条件下不同品种水稻镉积累的特征及影响因素 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选取适合当地种植的8个水稻品种为试验对象,开展大田试验,比较不同品种水稻对重金属Cd的积累、吸收和转运特征,筛选出适合当地种植的Cd低累积水稻品种,并分析水稻低累积程度及稳定性影响因素.结果表明:(1)根据综合积累指数(PN)评价方法筛选出对Cd综合积累能力低的水稻品种有:川优3203、川优6203、德粳6号和沈优17.(2)综合考虑稻米Cd含量和产量,适合在该地区种植的水稻品种为川优3203和川优6203,既能安全保障稻米Cd含量,又能保证水稻高产.(3)川优3203和川优6203在不同p H和不同总镉范围内稻米中Cd含量均显著低于其他品种,且在不同土壤条件下表现得很稳定.(4)水稻品种的差异对水稻的稻米富集能力有较大的影响,而对水稻茎叶向水稻稻米的转运能力的影响较小;川优3203和川优6203的低富集系数,加之其较低的转运,最终呈现出稻米较低的镉富集能力.(5)相关性分析发现,稻米Cd含量受水稻富集系数影响最大,受根际土壤总Cd含量影响最小. 相似文献
139.
采集了停车场、道路旁、居民区及产业园区4种不同用地类型的生物滞留设施的0~10 cm表层土壤,分析了8种重金属污染物(As、 Hg、 Cd、 Cr、 Pb、 Cu、 Ni和Zn)的累积含量,并对重金属累积的影响因素、污染水平、潜在生态风险和人体健康风险进行了分析和评估.结果表明,8种重金属污染物的累积含量存在较大的差异,ω(As)、ω(Hg)、ω(Cd)、ω(Cr)、ω(Pb)、ω(Cu)、ω(Ni)和ω(Zn)的平均值分别为8.92、 0.25、 0.10、 31.56、 14.81、 21.27、 23.69和62.75 mg·kg-1, As和Hg的含量平均值分别达到了土壤背景值的1.26和5.21倍;相关性分析表明,8种重金属含量均与土壤有机质含量呈现较强正相关,除Hg之外均与土壤pH值呈现正相关,除As外与磷含量呈现正相关.内梅罗综合指数以及潜在生态风险指数的分析结果表明,除Hg之外的其他7种重金属的污染水平及生态风险较低,受Hg污染的影响,生物滞留设施重金属综合污染水平以及生态风险较高,Hg对土壤环境存在一定的潜在威胁.4类设施重金属非致癌风险在可接受... 相似文献
140.