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121.
ABSTRACT: A linear filter (Kalman filter) technique was used with a Streamflow-concentration model the minimize surface water quality sampling frequencies when determining annual mean solute concentrations with a predetermined allowable error. The Kalman filter technique used the stream discharge interval as a replacement for the more commonly used time interval. Using filter computations, the measurement error variance was minimized within the sample size constraints. The Kalman filter application proposed here is applicable only under several conditions including: monitoring is solely to estimate annual mean concentration; discharge measurement errors are negligible; the Streamflow-concentration model is valid; and monthly samples reflect the total variance of the solute in question. 相似文献
122.
Dynamics of Bacterial Abundance,Biomass, Activity,and Community Composition in the Oligotrophic Traunsee and the Traun River (Austria) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Klammer Susanne Posch Thomas Sonntag Bettina Griebler Christian Mindl Birgit Psenner Roland 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2002,2(4):137-163
The holomictic Traunsee is the deepest and second largest lakein Austria. The special characteristic of this ecosystem isthe fact that local salt and soda industries presumably alterthe lake by the discharge of waste materials. Since thebeginning of the 20th century salt and soda works areannually releasing up to 50,000 tons of solid wastes and up to150,000 tons of chloride into Traunsee. To assess potentialeffects of these anthropogenic impacts on the bacterioplanktonthree sampling sites, influenced as well as not influenced bythe industrial discharge, were chosen for comparison andsampled monthly from November 1997 to October 1998. Bacterialabundance ranged between 0.4 to 3.0 × 106 cells ml-1 with decreasing numbers along the depth profile. Theproportion of actively respiring bacteria, i.e. INT [2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyltetrazolium chloride]reducing cells, never exceeded 10% of DAPI (4',6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole) stained cells. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to examine the seasonal and spatial distribution of dominant phylogenetic groups of thebacterioplankton. Up to 84% of bacteria detected with DAPIcould be detected via FISH applying the universal bacterialprobe EUB338. Percentages of alpha- and beta-Proteobacteriaand members of the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium cluster did notexceed 60% of DAPI-stained cells.Beta-Proteobacteriaappeared to be the most abundant group, not only in Traunsee butalso in two reference lakes, Attersee and Hallstättersee. No significant differences in any of the bacterial parameters couldbe detected between the three sampling sites and all measurementswere found in the range reported for oligotrophic lakes. The highdischarge of the Traun River, resulting in a lake water renewaltime of only one year, may diminish possible effects of industrial waste discharge in the pelagic zone. 相似文献
123.
降低布袋除尘器阻力与节能问题的探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
根据多年来多事布袋除尘器的管理工作和现场调试经验,提出了除尘系统节能运行的思想和方法。并对布袋除尘系统的节能运行进行了认真的分析,特别是对降低除尘器阻力后如何进行节能调节问题进行了深入的探讨。 相似文献
124.
M. B. Blasius S. J. Kerkhoff R. S. Wright C. R. Cothern 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1972,8(4):704-714
ABSTRACT. The X-ray fluorescence method was used to analyze trace metals collected in particulate form on filter papers and from the ionic state by ion exchange filter papers. The samples were prepared by allowing water to pass through these filter papers. The procedures necessary for using the X-ray fluorescence method are described. A number of samples were taken from the Great Miami River in Dayton, Ohio over one year showing the presence of the following metals, Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sr, and Cd. Elements in the periodic table between Ti and Cs were detectable to a sensitivity limit of the order of 30 ppb for metals in the particulate form and 0.4 ppm for metals in the ionic form. 相似文献
125.
随着城市垃圾焚烧工程的发展,国家对焚烧后尾气的处理技术提出了越来越高的要求。基于“表面过滤”理论的Gore过滤技术,不但为粉尘排放达到欧洲标准提供了技术保障,而且为脱酸/硫的后续反应提供了反应界面,在实际应用中可以有效节约反应剂。 相似文献
126.
网络安全中的蜜罐技术和蜜网技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
当前,网络安全正在受到严重的威胁,传统的防御技术存在其固有的被动防御的缺陷,而蜜罐技术正以其主动防御的特性受到越来越多的关注。本文说明了其在网络安全中所起到的防御作用和通过收集信息而起到的研究作用,讨论了涉及到的诱骗机制、数据控制、数据捕获和数据分析等关键技术以及实际应用中的部署方案。 相似文献
127.
128.
LFB是Basofil纤维与Metmax纤维混合制成的针刺毡,本文主要介绍Basofil纤维和LFB的物理和化学特性。 相似文献
129.
130.
本文研究了改性活性炭纤维对炸药废水中TNT的吸附行为。研究表明:1 mol/L HNO3改性的活性炭纤维吸附效果最好,其对炸药废水中TNT的最佳吸附条件为:吸附剂用量为0.6 g/25 m L,吸附平衡时间为60 min,升温有利于吸附进行。Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温线均能较好地描述活性炭纤维对TNT的吸附,吸附动力学分析表明,吸附过程遵循准二级动力学规律。 相似文献