矿化垃圾生物反应床处理印染废水的工艺参数优化及优势菌群

为了探讨矿化垃圾再利用于印染废水处理的可行性,研究了矿化垃圾生化反应床处理模拟印染废水的工艺参数,进行了优势菌群的镜检和提取、培养,实验结果表明,适宜的工艺运行参数如下为水力停留时间12~24 h,水力负荷100~140 L/(m3·d),COD污染负荷240~360 g/(m3·d),布水周期为24 h条件下的进水历时为6 h;适宜的工艺运行参数条件下,矿化垃圾生化反应床对模拟印染废水的COD去除率97%以上,总磷去除率95%以上,氨氮的去除率在98%以上;处理模拟印染废水的矿化垃圾生化反应床内的微生物群落以球菌为主,该菌体对模拟印染废水具有良好的专性降解作用。研究结果将对矿化垃圾的再利用和印染废水的处理提供一定的技术参考。     

海洋石油平台生活污水处理系统杀菌方式优化

目前海洋石油平台生活污水处理系统广泛采用氯片或氯粉杀菌,其采购成本高,稀释浓度不易控制,药剂添加困难。海洋石油平台多数配有造氯系统产生氯水,以限制海生物的附着生长。实验表明:使用合适浓度的氯水能使生活污水达到GB 4914-2008《海洋石油勘探开发污染物排放浓度限值》中的相关要求,优化了杀菌方式。     

Mean annual (222)Rn concentration in homes located in different geological regions of Poland: first approach to whole country area

The paper presents the results of year-long measurements of radon (²²²Rn) concentration inside 129 buildings in Poland in relation to the geological conditions of their foundation. The authors took into account the division of the country into tectonic units, as well as the lithology of the rocks forming the bedrock of these buildings. As expected, the highest value of mean annual ²²²Rn concentration (845 Bq/m³) was recorded in a building situated in the area of the Sudetes, while the highest geometric mean (characteristic of the expected log-normal data distribution) was calculated based on measurements from buildings located within the East-European craton, in the area of Mazury-Podlasie monocline, where it reached 231 Bq/m³. Such results reflect geological conditions - the occurrence of crystalline rocks (especially U- and Ra-enriched granites and orthogneisses) on the surface in the Sudetes, and of young post-glacial sediments containing fragments of Scandinavian crystalline rocks, also enriched with U and Ra, in the area of Mazury-Podlasie monocline. However, the least expected result of the investigations was finding out that, contrary to the hitherto widespread belief, none of the major tectonic units of Poland can be excluded from the list of those containing buildings with mean annual ²²²Rn concentration exceeding 200 Bq/m³. The mean annual concentration of radon for all the buildings were much higher than the mean concentration value (49.1 Bq/m³) of indoor radon in Poland quoted so far. These results cast a completely new light on the necessity to perform measurements of radon concentration in residential buildings in Poland, no more with reference to small areas with outcrops of crystalline rocks (especially the Sudetes, being the Polish fragment of the European Variscan belt), but for all the major tectonic units within Poland.     

CTMAB-改性矿化垃圾吸附苯酚性能的研究

文中研究采用表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)对矿化垃圾进行改性,利用CTMAB-改性矿化垃圾对苯酚溶液进行吸附,在单因素法条件下得到其对苯酚最佳吸附条件为:(1)改性矿化垃圾吸附平衡时间为15 min;(2)改性矿化垃圾吸附性能均随着pH值升高而降低;(3)40℃以下温度对改性矿化垃圾吸附效果影响不大。本研究还进行了等温吸附方程拟合,并对矿化垃圾和CTMAB-改性矿化垃圾对苯酚的吸附条件和吸附性能进行了比较,结果表明,矿化垃圾和改性矿化垃圾对苯酚的吸附采用Langmuir方程和Freundlich方程拟合度较好,而Temkin方程拟合度较差,改性矿化垃圾吸附性能优于未改性矿化垃圾。     

利用物联网打造再生资源社会回收平台

"阿拉环保"再生资源公共服务平台立足于打造上海品牌,在全国首先尝试利用物联网技术打造再生资源社会回收平台,突破了传统的回收模式,理念新颖,促进电子废物社会回收步入规范化、科学化发展轨道。     

地铁列车火灾中的人员疏散仿真研究

近年来,随着城市人口的不断激增,地铁行业也随之蓬勃发展,地铁列车已经从城市交通的辅助角色转变成人们生活中的关键需求,因而做好地铁的消防安全工程势在必行。针对列车火灾的人员疏散问题进行了模拟分析,考虑列车车厢内4种人员密度疏散的场景,通过软件模拟分析,将结果与规范计算所得结果进行比对,较为真实可靠地反映了人员密度对疏散的影响,并在此基础上提出相关建议。     

大型海洋平台基础结构有限元分析

某大型海洋平台基础采用平台板 桩基础组合形式,承台面为椭圆形,台面尺寸为147.6m×99.0 m,平台板为混凝土板和钢梁组成的叠合梁板结构.该工程地处世界三大强潮海湾之一,所受荷载与当地地质条件均较复杂.介绍了应用有限元对其进行结构分析的实施方法及过程,采用弹性抗力法考虑了桩-土共同作用,重点探讨了钢梁加混凝土厚板组成的叠合梁的有限元模拟方法.通过对比分析,提出了计算结果精度高、可操作性强的叠合梁有限元模拟方案.有限元分析结果表明,该平台钢管混凝土桩与钢梁均满足材料强度要求,但在施工阶段,桩内存在拉力.     

城市公共危机管理框架及系统平台研究

在分析公共危机特点和危机管理的关键问题的基础上,归纳了城市公共危机管理的9个主题,从组织结构、信息系统、应急计划、社会应对能力4个层面提炼出较为完整的、针对城市的公共危机管理框架。基于该框架,按照日常管理与应急管理相结合的要求,设计了城市公共危机管理系统平台概念模型,详细分析了系统各个模块之间的关系;并从危机监测分析和危机应急指挥两个层面具体研究了系统平台技术体系和建设方法。最后,对公共危机管理系统建设现状和未来研究重点进行了讨论。     

跨高速铁路桥梁基础防护桩设计与施工

武咸城际铁路在咸宁市上跨武广高速铁路,安全风险极大。论述了跨高速铁路桥梁基础承台防护桩的设计和施工,分析了防护桩设计的影响因素,确定了计算桩长。此外,从单桩承载力、桩基内力及基地应力三方面计算进行了安全性验证,确保了桥梁承台施工安全,对类似工程的基础安全防护有较好的借鉴作用。     

Characterization of Methylocystis strain JTA1 isolated from aged refuse and its tolerance to chloroform

To accelerate the efficiency of methane biodegradation in landfills,a Gram-negative,rod-shaped,non-motile,non-spore-forming bacterium,JTA1,which can utilize methane as well as acetate,was isolated from the Laogang MSW landfills,Shanghai,China.Strain JTA1 was a member of genus Methylocystis on the basis of 16S rRNA and pmoA gene sequence similarity.The maximum specific cell growth rates(μmax=0.042 hr-1,R2=0.995) was derived through Boltzmann simulation,and the apparent half-saturation constants(Km(app)=7.08mmol/L,R2=0.982) was calculated according to Michaelis-Menton hyperbolic model,indicating that Methylocystis strain JTA1 had higher-affinity potential for methane oxidation than other reported methanotrophs.By way of adding the strain JTA1 culture,the methane consumption of aged refuse reached 115mL,almost two times of control experiment.In addition,high tolerance of Methylocystis strain JTA1 to chloroform could facilitate the methane oxidation of aged refuse bio-covers.At the chloroform concentration of 50mg/L,the methane-oxidation rate of bio-cover reached 0.114mL/(day·g),much higher than the highest rate,0.0135mL/(day·g),of reported bio-covers.In conclusion,strain JTA1 opens up a new possibility for environmental biotechnology,such as soil or landfills bioremediation and wastewater decontamination.