电解法处理酵母废水的研究

对生化处理后的难降解酵母废水进行了电解氧化研究。研究了絮凝剂、电解质(NaCl)、电流强度、pH值对COD、色度去除率的影响,并对其作用机理进行了分析。     

重点企业清洁生产推进的驱动因素分析

构建了清洁生产驱动力模型,提出重点企业清洁生产推进的定量化分析指标,采用回归方法分析了经济发展水平、污染压力和外部条件对重点企业清洁生产推进的影响.结果表明:以重点企业审核率为指标反映重点企业清洁生产的推进情况更合适和准确.我国重点企业清洁生产在经济发展水平、污染压力和外部条件等方面共同作用下逐步推进,现阶段则更多地依靠经济发展和污染压力外部驱动力推进,这种驱动模式的速度较慢.要快速推进重点企业清洁生产,需加强和激发企业内部条件的推动作用.      

关于实行企业安全生产年审制的思考

在经济体制改革后 ,政府转变职能 ,企业转换经营机制 ,企业与政府脱钩 ,政府放权予企业 ,由企业自主经营、自负盈亏 ,企业成为独立核算的法人。按照权、责统一和管生产必须管安全、谁主管谁负责的原则 ,企业的安全生产从企业与政府共同管理转移到自主管理 ,政府及其有关主管部门从管理向监督转变 ,政府与企业的关系由隶属关系变成监督与被监督的关系。随着社会主义市场经济的进一步发展和日益完善 ,安全生产面临前所未有的新情况。在新的形势下 ,如何建立安全生产的长效机制 ,是当前安全生产亟待解决的重要课题。笔者针对安全生产监督与管理上存在的问题 ,有针对性地提出了实行企业安全生产年审制的建议 ,认为建立企业安全生产年审制是切合当前实际的安全对策 ,并对如何实施这一对策进行了初步的探讨。     

江汉平原乡镇企业持续发展及对策研究

通过实地考察和访问调查，论述了江汉平原乡镇企业发展的特点，经诊断指出；江汉平原乡镇企业发展应立足于其发达的农业，处理好农业和非农产业的关系；也要重视非农业资源的开发和规模化建设，使城乡工业协调发展；更要发挥其区位优势，大力发展外向型经济，提出了其乡镇企业持续发展的具体对策。     

The Impact of Conifer Harvesting on Stream Water Quality: A Case Study in Mid-Wales

A 12-year record of water quality data for runoff from a spruce forested hillslope with podzolic soils shows the impacts of conifer harvesting and replanting in relation to nitrate generation and its influence on surface water acidification. With felling, nitrate increases from a background of 18 Eq/l to about 50 Eq/l after 1 to 2 years and then declines to background levels over the next 1 to 2 years and to lower concentrations thereafter. This change is mirrored by an acidification process as manifest by a change in Gran alkalinity, acid neutralization capacity (ANC) and aluminium concentrations as well as pH. For example, Gran alkalinity and ANC, which start at negative concentrations prior to felling (about –20 and –50 Eq/l, respectively), become more negative (–30 and –100 Eq/l, respectively) at high nitrate concentrations. Correspondingly, pH decreases from about 4.7 to 4.5 and aluminium concentrations increase from about 14 to 16 M. Subsequently, the acidification is reversed as nitrate concentrations decline and after five years post-felling the system has higher pH, Gran alkalinity and ANC together with lower aluminium concentrations than even before the felling took place (the post-felling values are about 4.9, -15 Eq/l, –20 Eq/l and 7 M/l, respectively).Other determinands show clear changes over time. For example, there is a marked increase in sodium and chloride prior to and around the time of felling (200 to 300 and 230 to 400 Eq/l, respectively), with a subsequent decline in concentration to pre-felling and to lower values of around 160 and 170 Eq/l, respectively, thereafter. This change is probably associated with abnormally high inputs of sea-salts from the atmosphere during the first quarter of the year of felling, and dilution thereafter, rather than a direct consequence of the felling activity itself: this change in sea salt loading has had an impact on stream acidity. Dissolved organic carbon and iron also change with concentrations increasing over time (60 to 200 and 1.0 to 1.5 M/l, respectively) and this mirrors a general pattern observed across the Plynlimon catchments irrespective of whether or not there has been felling activity.The implications of the findings are discussed in relations to environmental management and hydrochemical processes.     

我国企业环境信息披露存在的障碍及对策

针对我国企业环境信息披露现状，分析了企业环境信息披露在环境信息计量、成本分配、环境会计准则等方面存在的主要障碍；并借鉴国外环境信息披露的成功经验，提出了从健全环境会计法规、形成合理的环境价格体系、加强环境会计的社会和政府监督等方面消除企业环境信息披露障碍的措施。     

浅析PCB企业的绿色管理

本文从绿色管理的角度，对如何实施印刷电路板（PCB）企业的绿色管理进行了一些初步探讨，强调了实施绿色管理是PCB企业可持续发展的必由之路。     

动态铁屑粉煤灰内电解法处理染料废水的研究

研究了内电解法动态处理3种染料废水的工艺条件,如反应时间、pH值、铁屑投加量、铁屑粉煤灰比例等.在最佳工艺条件下,动态内电解法处理混合染料废水,色度去除达95%,CODCr去除率也达70%.并讨论了铁屑-粉煤灰内电解法处理染料废水的机理.     

Working in small enterprises – Is there a special risk?

Ownership structure is an important factor. For independent enterprises, the ergonomic, physical and chemical work environment is more hazardous in small enterprises than in large ones. For enterprises that are part of a larger organization, the work environment tends to be more hazardous in large enterprises when controlling for the same factors. For the psychosocial factors, the trend is different – better in small than in large enterprises independent of ownership. In all enterprises, both public and private, the quality of health and safety management systems and workplace assessment is remarkably higher in large than in small enterprises.These differences in work environment for small and large enterprises have been studied in the ‘Danish Work Environment Cohort Study’ and ‘Surveillance of health and safety activities in enterprises’. These datasets are linked together to a reliable database with data on work environment and enterprises including size, ownership structure, and health and safety management.     

电解法处理王家岗采油废水研究

电解作为一种高级氧化技术,具有无污染、在常温常压下可进行的特点,可单独使用,也可在流程中与其他方法联合使用,而且操作简单。通过对电解法处理采油废水的室内研究,筛选出适合采油废水处理的电极材料,并对影响电解效果的几个主要因素进行了考察。结果表明,使用析氯阳极(铱/Ti)、电流密度5 mA/cm~2、电解时间150 min、极板间距10mm、pH约为8时,处理效果最佳。