对苯二甲酸厌氧生物降解性研究

采用半连续实验方法在中温条件下研究对苯二甲酸(Terephthalic Acid,简称TPA)的厌氧生物降解性。在一定的COD负荷下,研究不同TPA负荷对厌氧消化的影响,结果表明,TPA可厌氧降解的浓度比较低,在500mg/l以下;高浓度的TPA不能被厌氧降解而在反应器中累积起来,并对厌氧系统产生一定抑制作用,这种抑制作用和程度与TPA污泥负荷及体系中TPA累积浓度有关。     

ABR处理生活污水的指标沿程变化及动力学研究

试验研究中温(35℃)条件下,4隔室ABR处理生活污水时各隔室出水指标的沿程变化情况,研究结果表明:各隔室出水COD沿程递减,并且前3个隔室承担了去除COD的重要责任;各隔室的平均出水VFA沿程递减,说明ABR在处理低浓度生活污水时,存在着产酸、产甲烷相分离现象;实验结束时,发现前面隔室的污泥成灰色,泥水混合液较为粘稠,而最后2隔室中的污泥则在底部形成较稠密的污泥床。在实验结果的基础上建立了基质降解动力学模型,并对模型的计算值和实测值进行比较,误差在2%以内,说明该模型的建立是可行的,具有一定的实际意义。     

高温厌氧处理酒糟废水影响颗粒污泥化的因素

综合性地论述了高温厌氧处理酒精酒糟废水中颗粒污泥的概念 ,颗粒污泥的形态及其作用 ,着重论述了颗粒污泥的形成机制和影响因素。     

生化—混凝沉淀—砂滤工艺处理毛巾印染废水

根据毛巾印染废水水质特点 ,选择了厌氧折流板反应池 -生物接触氧化池 -混凝沉淀 -砂滤处理工艺。运行结果表明 ,在进水水质为 :CODCr5 89～ 2 980 mg/L、BOD5 2 49～ 5 3 4 mg/L、SS12 3～ 190 mg/L、色度 3 0 0～80 0倍、p H8.76～ 9.5 6时 ,出水水质达到《纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准》( GB42 87— 92 )一级标准。该处理系统耐冲击负荷 ,运行稳定、简单 ,基建和运行费用较低。     

ANAMMOX流化床反应器性能的研究

直接以氨为电子供体的反硝化反应是一种新的生物反应，可实现对两种氮素污染物的同时去除．探索了用流化床反应器开发这一反应，以处理厌氧消化污泥压滤液的可行性．试验发现，用该技术处理，无需供氧，也无需中和，并可有效地避免基质的抑制作用；平均氨和亚硝酸容积负荷率为４２８８３和４６４９１ｍｇ／（Ｌ·ｄ），平均氨和亚硝酸去除率为８８４９％和９９０４％；由于ＡＮＡＭＭＯＸ混培物产率较低，需要较长的ＳＲＴ（＞１００ｄ），有必要进一步研究ＡＮＡＭＭＯＸ混培物的生长条件，以保证ＡＮＡＭＭＯＸ反应器长期稳定运行．     

A reactor system combining reductive dechlorination with cometabolic oxidation for complete degradation of tetrachloroentylene

A laboratory sequential anaerobic-aerobic bioreactor system, which consisted of an anaerobic fixed film reactor and two aerobic chemostats, was set up to degrade tetrachloroethylene (PCE) without accumulating highly toxic degradation intermediates. A soil enrichment culture, which could reductively dechlorinate 900/zM ( ca. 150 mg/L) of PCE stoichiometrically into cis-l, 2-dichloroethylene ( cis-DCE), was attached to ceramic media in the anaerobic fixed film reactor. A phenol degrading strain, Alcaligenes sp. 115, which can efficiently degrade cis-DCE by co-metabolic oxidation, was used as inocuhim for the aerobic chemostats consisted of a transformation reactor and a growth reactor.The anaerobic fixed film bioreactor showed more than 99 % of PCE transformation into cis-DCE in the range of influent PCE concentration from 5μM to 35μM at hydraulic retention time of 48h. On the other hand, efficient degradation of the resultant cis-DCE by strain R5 in the following aerobic system could not be achieved due to oxygen limitation. However, 54% of the maximum cis-DCE degradation was obtained when 10μmol of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 ) was supplemented to the transformation reactor as an additional oxygen source. Further studies are needed to achieve more efficient co-metabolic degradation of cis-DCE in the aerobic reactor.     

有机废水两相厌氧消化工艺相分离问题的探讨

本文通过对厌氧微生物代谢机理和有关实验结果的分析，对两相厌氧消化工艺中的分相同题进行了深入探讨，澄清了产酸相和产甲烷相的概念，讨论了相分离的可行性和途径，并解释了一些试验中出现的问题。     

单伴生共培养物中的丙酸盐氧化细菌

从厌氧消化器中富集和分离出含有一株新的厌氢氧化丙酸盐细菌ＬＹＰ的共培养物，ＬＹＰ的唯一伴生菌是能利用氢和甲酸的亨氏甲烷螺菌（Ｍｅｔｈａｎｏｓｐｉｒｉｌｌｕｍｈｕｎｇａｔｅｉｉ）。该共培养物利用丙酸和少量的丁酸生成乙酸、ＣＯ２和甲烷。共培养物的生氏和产甲烷能力受乙酸或丁酸降解菌的促进。     

Dynamic Modeling of the Ratio Volatile Fatty Acids/Bicarbonate Alkalinity in a UASB Reactor for Potato Processing Wastewater Treatment

In this work, dynamic mathematical model for the prediction of the operational parameter volatile fatty acids/bicarbonate alkalinity (VFA/ALK) in a UASB reactor was developed. The dynamic modeling technique was applied successfully to a two-year data record from an industrial wastewater treatment plant of a potato processing industry. The technique used included regression analysis by residuals. Seventeen parameters were examined including the following: wastewater's flow rate, reactor's temperature and pH, total and soluble influent COD, wastewater's temperature and pH, total and soluble effluent COD, volatile fatty acids, alkalinity, biogas production rate and each parameter with a time lag of up to 10 days. Finally, after all parameters and all time lag trials the best fitted model was developed. The model's adequacy was checked by χ² test for a data record of the same UASB reactor but at a different time period and proved to be satisfactory. Additionally, the model's ability to predict and to control the plant's operation via VFA/ALK was examined. Through this model, in contrary to steady state models, various aspects of the process can be enlighten, such as the fact that the hydrolysis of starch requires at least a resident time of seven days.     

厌氧消化过程氨抑制研究进展

厌氧消化作为一种可获得能源的可持续生物处理技术,在实际工程中得到了广泛应用。在厌氧消化过程中,氨抑制被认为是影响其整体效能的重要因素。虽然氮是厌氧消化系统中微生物新陈代谢所必须的元素,但是厌氧消化体系中过高的氨氮往往会抑制微生物的正常生命活动,尤其是产甲烷菌。重点介绍了国内外厌氧消化氨抑制最新的机理研究,详细阐述了其主要的影响因素和消除措施,包括微生物驯化、p H值调节、温度控制及C/N比调节等,为厌氧消化技术工程应用的未来研究提供一定的借鉴和参考。