紫外消毒器辐射剂量模拟与设备设计

基于拉格朗日方法建立了耦合流体流动、紫外光强辐射与粒子辐射剂量的数值计算模型.利用该模型对工业尺寸的紫外消毒设备进行了模拟计算,获得了消毒设备内的场量信息;展示了利用CFD模拟优化设计紫外消毒反应器的方法;讨论了设置挡板和改变灯管布置2种方式对粒子辐射剂量的影响,计算结果表明,调整辐射场对紫外消毒设备性能的改善程度明显高于改变流动状态.     

The adsorption behavior of metals in aqueous solution by microplastics effected by UV radiation

Microplastics are considered as the carrier to heavy metals in the environment.But the sorption ability of microplastics influenced by photo-aging is remaining unclear.In the present study,the sorption of two kinds of metal ions(Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺) in the aqueous solution by both the virgin and aged microplastics was investigated.Polyethylene terephthalate(PET) debris,one of the typical kinds of microplastics was chosen in this study.Photo-aging of microplastics in environment w...     

UV-B辐射增强和蒽对3种赤潮微藻生长的相互作用

通过实验生态学的方法,研究了赤潮异弯藻、亚历山大藻和中肋骨条藻的生长对UV-B辐射增强和蒽处理的响应.结果表明:低剂量的UV-B辐射和低浓度的蒽处理对3种赤潮微藻的生长有刺激作用,而高剂量的UV-B辐射处理和高浓度的蒽处理对3种赤潮微藻的生长均显示出抑制作用.UV-B辐射对赤潮异弯藻、亚历山大藻和中肋骨条藻的96 h半抑制剂量分别为1.63、2.34和2.58 J/m2,蒽处理对赤潮异弯藻、亚历山大藻和中肋骨条藻的96 h半抑制剂量分别为0.078、0.119和0.112 mg/L.在刺激浓度的蒽处理的同时,添加刺激剂量的UV-B辐射条件下,3种赤潮微藻的生长同样表现出了抑制作用.     

宁波市大气污染概况及影响因素分析

为研究宁波市大气污染状况及其影响因素,利用2013—2018年宁波市国控站点实时监测污染物数据以及气象数据,探讨分析了宁波市大气污染特征以及所受气象因素的影响概况。结果表明：宁波市颗粒物污染和O₃污染呈现典型的季节性特征,颗粒物浓度冬季最高,O₃最大滑动8 h平均质量浓度春、秋季最高。宁波市O₃污染问题越来越突出,且呈现出春、秋季O₃超标天数最多的季节变化特征。O₃小时质量浓度与气温和太阳辐射成正相关关系,NO₂和颗粒物浓度与气温成负相关关系。NO₂与O₃浓度成负相关关系,与颗粒物浓度成正相关关系。     

综合管廊兼顾疏散能力分析及辐射范围研究*

为研究综合管廊在安全疏散中的作用,应用Pathfinder疏散仿真软件对综合管廊疏散能力模拟分析,得出不同断面管廊通道、各疏散口部、楼梯处通过能力,分析管廊人员在单车、步行疏散速度下覆盖范围与事故波及范围,通过两者交集得到综合管廊疏散辐射范围。结果表明:综合管廊具备一定兼顾疏散能力,得出的通过能力可指导综合管廊人流量监控器布局,提供各部位人流量上限取值,预防拥堵和踩踏事故发生,为化工园区制定疏散方案提供新思路。     

Dynamic simulation of hazard analysis of radiations from LNG pool fire

Because of its highly flammable nature, any accidental release of liquefied natural gas (LNG) could possibly pose significant fire hazard. In this study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was used to analyze this hazard around an existing LNG station. By assuming an LNG pool fire occurring in an impoundment area, dynamic simulations of flame development have been carried out. In order to provide more reliable simulation results, a study was first conducted to determine the mesh independence and suitable time step. The results of CFD simulations were also compared with those using the commonly-used phenomenological model. The simulation results showed that LNG tanks in the neighbor dike area could withstand the received radiant heat flux, and the areas involving human activities, such as security office and public area, were also secure enough for people to escape from the hazards. LNG vaporizers, which are often located close to tank area, could possibly receive relatively higher radiant heat flux. High temperature achieved on vaporizers could cause material failure. CFD calculations have also indicated that increasing the spacing distance or using flowing water curtain could reduce this temperature. It is concluded that CFD method is significantly more effective to account for LNG hazard analysis and provide realistic results for complicated scenarios, thus providing meaningful information for safety consideration.     

煤岩变形破裂的电磁辐射规律及其应用研究

对受载煤体变形破裂电磁辐射规律进行了研究及分析 ,并对煤岩电磁辐射技术应用于预测预报煤与瓦斯突出进行了试验研究。研究结果表明 ,电磁辐射与煤岩体的载荷、加载速率及变形破裂过程呈正相关。煤岩电磁辐射技术在预测预报煤与瓦斯突出等方面有着非常广阔的应用前景。     

UV—B辐射对田间春小麦生物量和产量的影响

研究了大田栽培和自然光条件下,模拟ＵＶ—Ｂ辐射（ＵＶ—Ｂ,２８０～３１５ｎｍ）增强对春小麦生物量累积和产量的影响及评估。ＵＶ—Ｂ辐射导致叶、茎、根、穗生物量和总生物量累积降低,生物量分配改变,籽粒产量降低。５．３１ｋＪ／ｍ２ＵＶ—Ｂ辐射处理还明显降低收获指数。模型分析表明,ＵＶ—Ｂ辐射降低总生物量累积速率,总生物量随ＵＶ—Ｂ辐射增加而降低。预测模型表明,１０％和２０％的臭氧衰减导致的ＵＶ—Ｂ辐射增加使籽粒产量、叶和穗生物量明显降低,而根生物量降低较小。     

微波辐照瓜子壳制造活性炭

本文对微波辐照瓜子壳制造活性炭的新方法进行了探索研究,并获得较好的实验结果,所得活性炭成品的亚甲蓝脱色力是国家标准（ＬＹ２１６ － ７９） 一级品的４／３ 倍,所需工艺时间仅为传统方法的１／３６ 。     

微波技术在废水处理中的应用

文章简述了微波直接辐射和微波再生技术在废水处理中的应用.指出了微波技术在废水处理中存在的问题,并对其发展前景进行了展望.