摩托车防护服装设计方法研究

本课题在摩托车防护服装设计因素分析的基础上,对摩托车防护服装的设计方法进行了系统研究,探讨了能够实现安全防护性能和舒适性能的摩托车防护服的设计方法。通过系统完整的设计过程,设计人员能够形成一个正确的设计理念和体系化的设计步骤。     

化学防护服的分类及选用

本文较为系统地介绍了化学防护服的分类方法、典型化学防护服的特点和适用场合及化学防护服选择应考虑的主要因素和一般程序,对化学防护服的选用具有一定的指导意义。     

服装电磁防护性能的测试分析

本文针对电磁防护服装的性能要求,对电磁防护服装的特点及其防护性能的测试指标进行了分析。在此基础上,根据GB/T23463-2009标准和相关文献确定了服装屏蔽效能测试的试验方法和具体实验条件,并且搭建实验对不同面料的两件无袖电磁防护女上衣进行了屏蔽效能的测试。并分析比较了服装与其所使用织物的电磁屏蔽效能值,说明织物屏蔽效能的测试数据不能代替服装的屏蔽效能。关于服装电磁防护性能的测试分析既满足了电磁防护服装的发展要求,也为进一步制定电磁防护服装的测试及相关标准提供了依据。     

高可视性警示服的安全防护作用及其标准分析

本文通过对高可视性警示服安全防护作用的理论分析,进一步论证了GB20653-2006《职业用高可视性警示服》中对高可视性警示服安全防护性能要求的科学性和重要性,为高可视性警示服的生产、使用、监督检验和规范化管理提供科学依据。     

The effects of chemical protective suits on human performance

Workers in the chemical industry are often required to wear protective suits while performing tasks. While these suits can be life saving, they increase the difficulty and discomfort faced by the wearer. This research explores the performance of individuals wearing the highly cumbersome Level A suit. The suits are heat-retentive and can cause fatigue that affects performance by increasing response time and decreasing accuracy. Members of Missouri’s Civil Support Team (CST) served as subjects for this research. They conducted fine and gross motor tests. Their completion time and accuracy were evaluated both out-of-suit and in-suit for the Level A chemical protective suits.A t-test was conducted to evaluate the effect of the Level A suits on performance. Results showed a significant increase in completion time and errors for gross motor tasks. This type of task had up to a 103% increase in time required and up to a 34% decrease in accuracy. The suit’s impact on fine motor skill was also significant, but to a lesser extent. Repeated measures test was performed to evaluate any potential time-in-suit effect. A decrease in mean task completion time was observed for some of the tasks. There was a corresponding decrease in accuracy but no consistent time-in-suit effect was identified.The results indicate the need for care when designing procedures and equipement to be used by humans wearing restrictive PPE. It is important to take human limitations into consideration in the design phase in order to decrease the need for human adaptation and increase system safety. To achieve this, understanding human factors is imperative when designing equipment, tasks, or procedures for workers wearing PPE.     

X射线防护服防护性能探析

本文对X射线防护服应具备的防护性能进行了探讨分析,在调研、测试和资料搜集的基础上给出了x射线防护服的铅当量、物理性能和耐臭氧性能等级,对目前存在的一些问题提出了建设性的意见,期望在x射线防护服的生产和使用上达到企业顺利发展、人民生命和健康得到保障的双赢效果。     

不同环境温度和活动强度下人体出汗率测定

提出了一种测定人体出汗量的方法—衣物增重法,并利用该法分别测定20、25、28℃环境温度下,8名受试者在跑步机上分别以2、4、6mi/h(54、107、161 m/min)的速度跑步15min后的出汗量。运用配对样本t检验,并对出汗率测定结果进行分析后发现,环境温度和活动强度对人体单位面积出汗率均有显著影响,环境温度分别为20、25、28℃以及活动强度分别为2、4、6mi/h时,人体单位面积出汗率的范围为1.605～681.100 g/(h.m2)。     

基于三维扫描的服装面积因子测评

为计算服装面积因子,引入先进的三维扫描技术,分别扫描裸体和着装下的人体,获取点云数据。本文创建应用逆向工程软件Rapidform2006修复重建人体模型的合理流程,分别用现有的像素替代方法和新引进的逆向工程软件方法计算服装面积因子。实践证明,使用逆向工程软件重建人体模型,直接获得面积数值与现有的像素替代法间没有显著性差异,但是能大幅度减少测评周期。     

施用农药人员的安全与防护——ASTM F2669《施用农药人员用防护服性能标准》介绍

本文主要介绍了ASTM F 2669-2009《施用农药人员用防护服性能标准》的分级和检测要求、防护服材料性能要求、材料的抗渗透性指标等,并就施药人员的安全与防护以及完善防护服标准体系提出建议,以为我国广大相关领域人员了解标准和应用标准提供帮助。     

Test of Firefighter’s Turnout Gear in Hot and Humid Air Exposure

Five students of a rescue training school cycled at 50 W for 20 min at 20 °C before walking at 5 km/hr up to 30 min in a climatic chamber at 55 °C and 30% relative humidity. 4 different types of clothing ensembles differing in terms of thickness and thermal insulation value were tested on separate days. All subjects completed 28–30 min in light clothing, but quit after 20–27 min in 3 firefighter ensembles due to a rectal temperature of 39 °C or subjective fatigue. No difference in the evolution of mean skin or rectal temperature was seen for the 3 turnout ensembles. Sweat production amounted to about 1000 g in the turnout gears of which less than 20% evaporated. It was concluded that the small differences between the turnout gears in terms of design, thickness and insulation value had no effect on the resulting heat physiological strain for the given experimental conditions.