带肋薄壁方钢管混凝土柱温度场试验研究与分析

为研究带肋薄壁钢管混凝土柱在火灾下的温度分布,进行3根足尺带肋薄壁方钢管混凝土柱升温试验。建立方钢管混凝土柱温度场有限元模型,模型计算结果与实验结果符合较好。利用模型分析了典型的温度场分布规律,并研究了各参数对构件温度场的影响规律。结果表明:构件截面温度场在四面受火状态下呈双轴对称分布,且角部温度较高。加劲肋对构件温度场的影响仅限于焊接点附近,加劲肋间距和含钢率对构件整体温度场影响微小;截面边长、受火时间和受火方式是影响构件温度场的主要因素。     

Sperm competition and evidence of sperm fertilization patterns in the carrion ball-roller beetle Canthon cyanellus cyanellus LeConte (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae)

Field observation and laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate sperm competition and patterns of sperm fertilization under different experimental conditions in the carrion ball-roller beetle Canthon cyanellus cyanellus. Males in nature can mate with females whose spermathecae contains fertile sperm from other males. Sperm precedence was investigated using a visible genetic marker. The progeny of red (homozygous recessive) virgin females mated once with a red male and afterward, once with a green beetle (homozygous dominant) and vice versa, revealed that regardless of its color, the last male to mate fertilized c.a. 50% of the eggs, suggesting strong sperm competition. Males were able to achieve higher levels of paternity (more than 80%) when mated ad libitum with previously mated females, although large amount of variance in paternity does not exclude the possibility of first male sperm precedence or female cryptic choice. These results suggest that repeated mating and sperm replacement are the mechanisms by which last males achieve sperm precedence.     

No evidence for female mate choice based on genetic similarity in the túngara frog Physalaemus pustulosus

In most sexually reproducing animals, the behavior of one or both sexes during courtship critically influences the success at mating of the opposite sex. This behavior is often interpreted as “mate choice,” and there is great interest in why such choices are exercised. The explanation for the evolution of mate choice that has received the most attention and generated the most controversy is based on assumed genetic effects. In this study, we investigated whether female túngara frogs, which choose mates based on acoustic cues, have a preference for genetically less related males. Specifically, we determine if there is disassortive mating based on microsatellite markers, if there is information in the advertisement call that could be used to assess genetic similarity, and if females exhibit acoustic-based mating preferences that would promote choice for genetic diversity. Using seven microsatellite markers, we found no correlation of male call similarity and male genetic relatedness. Female choice experiments showed no female preference for calls of less related males, and there was no evidence for inbreeding avoidance in the field. Our results do not support the hypothesis of mate choice based on information about genetic relatedness conveyed by acoustic signals in túngara frogs.     

New insights in analysing parasitoid attracting synomones: early volatile emission and use of stir bar sorptive extraction

Summary. It is well known that feeding by Pieris brassicae caterpillars on cabbage leaves triggers the release of volatiles that attract natural antagonists such as the parasitoid Cotesia glomerata. The temporal dynamics in the emissions of parasitoid attracting volatiles has never been elucidated in this system. In a time course experiment, caterpillar infested leaves attracted the parasitoid within one hour after infestation. At such an early stage of infestation, as much as fifty percent of the parasitoids flew towards the infested plant in a wind tunnel bioassay, while only five percent flew towards the non-infested control plant. Three hours after infestation and later, the response to the volatiles from the infested plant reached its maximum and then continued at a constantly high level for the remaining 14 hours of the experiment. Chemical analyses of volatiles collected from infested leaves at short time intervals during the first 24 hours identified a total of ten compounds, comprising green leaf volatiles, terpenoids, and a nitrile. Significant increase of emission within the first 5 hours following initial herbivory was detected for (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate, cineole and benzylcyanide. Subsequently, a coupled bioassay-chemical analysis procedure was developed allowing for testing and analyzing the same sample for future identification of the bioactive compounds. This was achieved by using stir bar sorptive extraction for the analysis of solvent extracts of caterpillar-damaged leaves.     

Furfural residues from straw become complex fertilizer by addition method

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＦｕｒｆｕｒａｌｉｓａｋｉｎｄｏｆｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｒａｗｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｉｎｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ.Ｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｇｒｏｗｔｈｏｆｉｔｓｕｓｅ,ｉｔｓｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｉｓｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇａｎｎｕａｌｌｙ.Ｂｕ?..     

Sequential fractionation of reactive phosphorus in the sediment of a shallow eutrophic lake——Donghu Lake, China

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＳｅｄｉｍｅｎｔｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｒｕｓｈａｓｂｅｅｎｔｈｅｆｏｃｕｓｏｆａｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｄｕｅｔｏｉｔｓｒｏｌｅｉｎｔｈｅｅｕｔｒｏｐｈｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｌａｋｅｓ.Ｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｒｕｓｆｒａｃｔｉｏｎｓｉｎｓｅ?..     

SRDAAR-QNPP:a computer code system for the real-timedose assessment of an accident releasefor Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant

ＳＲＤＡＡＲ－ＱＮＰＰ：ａｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒｃｏｄｅｓｙｓｔｅｍｆｏｒｔｈｅｒｅａｌ－ｔｉｍｅｄｏｓｅａｓｓｅｓｓｍｅｎｔｏｆａｎａｃｃｉｄｅｎｔｒｅｌｅａｓｅｆｏｒＱｉｎｓｈａｎＮｕｃｌｅａｒＰｏｗｅｒＰｌａｎｔＨｕＥｒｂａｎｇ;ＷａｎｇＨａｎ（Ｃｈ...     

Mixed surfactant washing of petroleum contaminants from the soils and sediments in the unsaturated zone

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ,ｒｅｍｅｄｉａｔｉｏｎｏｆｐｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍｃｏｎｔａｍｉｎａｔｅｄｇｒｏｕｎｄｗａｔｅｒａｎｄｓｏｉｌｈａｓａｔｔｒａｃｔｅｄｍｕｃｈａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｏｆｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓｉｎｖａｒｉｏｕｓｃ?..     

Modelling of the behavior of marine oil spills: applications based on random walk techniques

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙｏｆａｃｃｉｄｅｎｔａｌｏｉｌｓｐｉｌｌｓ,ａｎｄｔｈｅａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄａｑｕａｔｉｃｐｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎ,ａｒｅｇｒｏｗｉｎｇｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｓ.Ｔｈｅｒｅｉｓａｎｅｅｄｆｏｒｍｏｄｅｌｓｙｓｔｅｍｔｈ?..     

Catalyst assisted destruction of trichloro ethylene and toluene in corona discharges

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｒｉｃｈｌｏｒｏｅｔｈｙｌｅｎｅｉｓａｖｅｒｙｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｓｏｌｖｅｎｔｔｏｒｅｍｏｖｅｏｉｌｆｒｏｍｓｉｌｉｃｏｎａｎｄｏｔｈｅｒｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓｕｓｅｄｉｎｓｅｍｉｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｏｒｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ.ＴｈｅＣ2ＨＣ...