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201.
Essien D. Udosen 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2000,12(1):68-74
IntroductionSnailsaretypicalunivalvesthatbelongtothephylummollusca.Theyareeitheraquaticorterrestrialandthecommonterrestrialsp?.. 相似文献
202.
IntroductionThedeterminationofironreceivedextensiveattentionbecauseofitsincreasingimportanceinbiochemicalandenvironmentalstud... 相似文献
203.
类脂分子标志物在海洋有机地球化学中的研究应用 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
分子标志物是海洋有机地球化学过程研究的一个重要手段,它的开发和应用使得海洋有机地球化学的过程研究成为可能。类脂化合物作为一类最常用的分子标志物,在物质来源、有机质降解、早期 成岩演变、环境污染、古海洋学等诸多方面有着广泛的应用。类脂分子标志物成功地应用在河口、滨海地区和深海海洋中有着物质循环、迁移和埋藏等过程的研究,为海洋有机地球化学过程提供定性或定量的描述。本文简要介绍了类脂分子标志物的特征、开发和利用,并讨论了其优、缺点。 相似文献
204.
IntroductionOzoneplaysacriticalroleintheearth’secologicalbalanceowingtoitsstrongabsorptionofbiologicallydamagingincomingultra... 相似文献
205.
Nadia Scascighini Letizia Mattiacci Marco D’Alessandro Alan Hern Anja Sybille Rott Silvia Dorn 《Chemoecology》2005,15(2):97-104
Summary. It is well known that feeding by Pieris brassicae caterpillars on cabbage leaves triggers the release of volatiles that attract natural antagonists such as the parasitoid Cotesia glomerata. The temporal dynamics in the emissions of parasitoid attracting volatiles has never been elucidated in this system. In a time course experiment, caterpillar infested leaves attracted the parasitoid within one hour after infestation. At such an early stage of infestation, as much as fifty percent of the parasitoids flew towards the infested plant in a wind tunnel bioassay, while only five percent flew towards the non-infested control plant. Three hours after infestation and later, the response to the volatiles from the infested plant reached its maximum and then continued at a constantly high level for the remaining 14 hours of the experiment. Chemical analyses of volatiles collected from infested leaves at short time intervals during the first 24 hours identified a total of ten compounds, comprising green leaf volatiles, terpenoids, and a nitrile. Significant increase of emission within the first 5 hours following initial herbivory was detected for (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, (Z)-3-hexen-1-yl acetate, cineole and benzylcyanide. Subsequently, a coupled bioassay-chemical analysis procedure was developed allowing for testing and analyzing the same sample for future identification of the bioactive compounds. This was achieved by using stir bar sorptive extraction for the analysis of solvent extracts of caterpillar-damaged leaves. 相似文献
206.
Mario E. Favila Janet Nolasco Ivette Chamorro Florescano Miguel Equihua 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2005,59(1):38-43
Field observation and laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate sperm competition and patterns of sperm fertilization under different experimental conditions in the carrion ball-roller beetle Canthon cyanellus cyanellus. Males in nature can mate with females whose spermathecae contains fertile sperm from other males. Sperm precedence was investigated using a visible genetic marker. The progeny of red (homozygous recessive) virgin females mated once with a red male and afterward, once with a green beetle (homozygous dominant) and vice versa, revealed that regardless of its color, the last male to mate fertilized c.a. 50% of the eggs, suggesting strong sperm competition. Males were able to achieve higher levels of paternity (more than 80%) when mated ad libitum with previously mated females, although large amount of variance in paternity does not exclude the possibility of first male sperm precedence or female cryptic choice. These results suggest that repeated mating and sperm replacement are the mechanisms by which last males achieve sperm precedence. 相似文献
207.
Kathrin P. Lampert Ximena E. Bernal A. Stanley Rand Ulrich G. Mueller Michael J. Ryan 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2006,59(6):796-804
In most sexually reproducing animals, the behavior of one or both sexes during courtship critically influences the success
at mating of the opposite sex. This behavior is often interpreted as “mate choice,” and there is great interest in why such
choices are exercised. The explanation for the evolution of mate choice that has received the most attention and generated
the most controversy is based on assumed genetic effects. In this study, we investigated whether female túngara frogs, which
choose mates based on acoustic cues, have a preference for genetically less related males. Specifically, we determine if there
is disassortive mating based on microsatellite markers, if there is information in the advertisement call that could be used
to assess genetic similarity, and if females exhibit acoustic-based mating preferences that would promote choice for genetic
diversity. Using seven microsatellite markers, we found no correlation of male call similarity and male genetic relatedness.
Female choice experiments showed no female preference for calls of less related males, and there was no evidence for inbreeding
avoidance in the field. Our results do not support the hypothesis of mate choice based on information about genetic relatedness
conveyed by acoustic signals in túngara frogs. 相似文献
208.
抗震液化的总应力合成分析方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
基于总应力动力分析法,运用二维显式有限差分程序FLAC对某大坝在地震荷载作用下的动力响应进行模拟分析。编制了分析大坝液化的数值模型的分析模块并与FLAC接口。分别考虑了水平、竖向地震荷载以及两个方向的耦合和不同水位深度对大坝动力特性的影响,得到了大坝在地震荷载作用下液化区域和位移矢量的分布态势。 相似文献
209.
As the topmost predator in Antarctica, the seal is a unique indicator of Antarctic environment and climate changes. In this study, we collected a sediment core from the Fildes Peninsula of West Antarctica, and used cholesterol, cholestanol, epicoprostanol, coprostanol, and seal hair numbers as the proxy indicators of seal population size and phytol as of general vegetation, and we reconstructed the 20th century history of variation of the seal population and vegetation abundance on this island. The sealing industry in the early 20th century caused the dramatic decline of seal population, and the ban of seal hunting since the 1960s led to its recovery of seal population. The seal population during the past century was primarily controlled by human activities and krill density. The reconstructed relation between seal population and vegetation abundance may oifer new insights into Antarctic environment and ecology. 相似文献
210.