高层民用建筑火灾风险综合评估系统研究

为构建更为完善、科学的高层民用建筑火灾风险评价指标体系,并进而建立未确知C-均值聚类模型,对高层民用建筑火灾风险状况进行综合评价,以确定其发生火灾的危险性等级.首先针对目前高层民用建筑火灾风险评估研究存在的不足,提出总体思路.然后,基于危险源辨识,结合《高层民用建筑设计防火规范》,运用事故致因分析及专家调查等方法,分析影响高层民用建筑火灾发生的各种不确定性因素,建立了高层民用建筑火灾风险评价指标体系.在此基础上,根据高层民用建筑火灾风险评价的特点,引入未确知C-均值聚类智能化方法,建立了基于未确知聚类的高层民用建筑火灾风险综合评估模型,并进行了实证分析.结果表明,提出的高层民用建筑火灾风险综合评价系统可以保证高层建筑火灾风险评估的准确性.     

Engaging Economic Development Agencies in Environmental Protection: The case for embedded autonomy

This article examines the role of economic development agencies in strengthening the environmental performance of industry within rapidly industrialising East Asian economies. Three case-study examples are considered, namely, the role of the Industrial Development Board in reducing industrial pollution in Taiwan, pollution control in the palm oil industry in Malaysia, and the role of the Economic Development Board in influencing environmental performance of industry in Singapore. The concept of embedded autonomy is developed to consider the ways in which agencies of economic development can work with firms and industries while simultaneously remaining autonomous from these firms with respect to setting and enforcing performance standards. The three cases suggest that a form of policy integration that more directly integrates economic and environmental goals within agencies of economic development may be feasible, but only where there exists a strong autonomous government bureaucracy and where there is strong societal commitment to improving the environmental performance of industry.     

在用建筑物安全管理与控制技术

建筑物倒塌往往酿成重大事故，带来惨重损失。加强建筑物安全管理与控制，是防止建筑事故发生的有效措施。为此，提出了建筑物安全管理与控制的日常管理和鉴定管理两级模式，并研究了相应的管理理论     

Sustainability Capacity Building Based on Educational Method： A Case Study on China and Sweden Joint Program

Environmental Education and Education for Sustainable Development （EE＆ESD） have been widely accepted as an effective educational method to contribute to capacity development and processes of change in developing countries. This paper takes SIDA supported EE＆ESD in formal educationadvanced international training program, China as an example. By analyzing and reflecting its orientation, implementation, outcomes and evaluation, experiences and lessons learned are expected to help improve the sorts of international cooperation capacity building programs both from international and also Chinese perspectives.     

浅议建筑垂直绿化

建筑垂直绿化是建筑景观设计及节能的重要内容,论文论述了建筑垂直绿化的作用、形式以及国内外应用案例,提出了不同建筑和墙面适用不同的绿化方式。通过软件计算对某住宅建筑采用垂直绿化后的能耗进行了分析。结果表明,采用墙面垂直绿化的建筑能耗明显低于无绿化建筑,最后对建筑垂直绿化的产业化发展和经济性进行了分析和展望。     

成都市绿色建筑发展现状及对策研究

虽然成都市采取了一系列有力措施推进绿色建筑的发展并取得了显著成效,但还是存在绿色建筑发展不平衡、已有绿色建筑不能有效实现环保节能目标、百姓对绿色建筑认可度不高等诸多问题,影响甚至制约了成都市绿色建筑的发展.为了解决上述问题,本文通过对成都大量绿色建筑的调研,深入分析了成都市绿色建筑在投资项目选择、设计、施工、市场投放、认证监管和运行维护等环节存在的问题及成因,并给出了相应的对策,以期对中国绿色建筑发展有所帮助.     

我国安全生产监管队伍能力建设对策

分析了国内安全生产监管队伍建设现状,总结提出了我国在安全生产监管队伍建设方面存在的职责界限不清、内部监察工作不规范、人员能力不高、安全生产监管信息系统建设滞后等问题。结合国外安全监管队伍建设经验,制定了覆盖从"入"到"出"、全过程的能力培养和保障框架,提出了制定安全生产监管条例、实施监督与管理分离、合理设置各级监督机构职责分工、实施分级监督、强化监管队伍能力建设、建立安全生产监管信息系统、实施安全生产内部监察制度的对策。研究结果对增强我国安全监管队伍能力,提高安全监管水平具有参考意义。     

Conservation Challenges for the Austral and Neotropical America Section

Abstract:  The Austral and Neotropical America (ANA) section of the Society for Conservation Biology includes a vast territory with some of the largest relatively pristine ecosystems in the world. With more than 573 million people, the economic growth of the region still depends strongly on natural resource exploitation and still has high rates of environmental degradation and biodiversity loss. A survey among the ANA section membership, with more than 700 members, including most of the section's prominent ecologists and conservationists, indicates that lack of capacity building for conservation, corruption, and threats such as deforestation and illegal trade of species, are among the most urgent problems that need to be addressed to improve conservation in the region. There are, however, strong universities and ecology groups taking the lead in environmental research and conservation, a most important issue to enhance the ability of the region to solve conservation and development conflicts .     

关于发展生物质产业的几点思考

我国生物质产业自20世纪70年代开始起步。乙醇汽油和沼气利用是生物质能开发中的重点。虽然生物质产业的关键技术基本成熟。但是当考虑不再用粮食作为原料的时候，技术转换等一系列问题也会随之而来。技术瓶颈仍然是限制我国生物质产业发展的一大因素。我国政府为解决能源短缺问题，缓解环境压力．同时为消化陈粮。在扶持生物质产业发展的过程中一直充当了“埋单者”的角色．这也引发了以粮食为加工原料的燃料乙醇项目的大量上马．粮油价格上涨的趋势开始波及我国。因此。从粮食问题是否让位于能源问题．政府是否继续充当“埋单者”的角色。生物质产业污染治理的角度出发．认为：今后发展生物质产业不能只盯住能源短缺的问题而忽视粮食安全问题。要从技术层面解决原料限制和成本过商的难题。同时政府对生物质产业发展应有科学规划和管理。