全文获取类型
收费全文 | 569篇 |
免费 | 65篇 |
国内免费 | 558篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 25篇 |
废物处理 | 23篇 |
环保管理 | 19篇 |
综合类 | 688篇 |
基础理论 | 313篇 |
污染及防治 | 74篇 |
评价与监测 | 41篇 |
社会与环境 | 9篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 5篇 |
2023年 | 31篇 |
2022年 | 43篇 |
2021年 | 77篇 |
2020年 | 48篇 |
2019年 | 40篇 |
2018年 | 35篇 |
2017年 | 31篇 |
2016年 | 41篇 |
2015年 | 51篇 |
2014年 | 55篇 |
2013年 | 111篇 |
2012年 | 67篇 |
2011年 | 65篇 |
2010年 | 65篇 |
2009年 | 46篇 |
2008年 | 36篇 |
2007年 | 61篇 |
2006年 | 61篇 |
2005年 | 32篇 |
2004年 | 30篇 |
2003年 | 22篇 |
2002年 | 17篇 |
2001年 | 18篇 |
2000年 | 15篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 17篇 |
1997年 | 12篇 |
1996年 | 8篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 2篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1192条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
121.
龙江河突发环境事件河流镉污染化学形态模拟 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
重金属污染突发水环境事件的应急处置和造成的环境损害与污染物的化学形态及其环境行为密切相关.以2012年初发生在我国广西的龙江河镉污染事件为例,采用Minteq软件尝试计算3种情景下河流水环境溶解态Cd的化学形态.结果表明,在天然背景条件下龙江河Cd浓度约为5mg/L时,水环境中Cd以Cd2+为主,并主要受DOC含量的影响.镉污染事件发生后若无应急处置措施,天然水体对Cd的络合缓冲能力极其有限,以Cd2+形式存在的Cd占75%以上,呈现严重的急性生态毒性.投加聚合氯化铝和碱性物质可以有效控制河流溶解态Cd含量,当pH值超过9.0时,以Cd2+存在的Cd迅速降低.Cd2+含量对河流pH值的参数敏感性最高,DOC其次,水温影响最小.事件处置结束后应密切关注絮凝体中Cd的再释放规律以及水体pH值及DOC对Cd形态的影响. 相似文献
122.
Denis Bérubé PhD 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(3):465-477
Exposure to air particulate matter (PM) is linked to numerous health effects. In order to improve the understanding of the role of its metallic components, their solubility was examined by using serial short-contact dissolutions totalling 1?h and additional sequential contact periods of 1, 4, and 8 days. The dissolution experiments were performed in solutions containing the main biological electrolytes. ICPMS determinations were used to quantify the dissolved metals. The total compositions were determined after closed vessel microwave digestion. Large variations in the rate and completeness of the dissolutions were observed. Fast and extensive dissolutions within the short-contact time (e.g., Zn, Cd) as well as slow dissolutions persisting during the last contact period (e.g., Ni, Cu, Sb, Pb) were found for smelting emissions. The multi-element determinations also made it possible to identify relationships between dissolution of different metals and define gradual composition changes of residual PM. When comparing with dissolutions performed in de-ionized water, similar major fractions were observed at short-contact time for minor components of smelting or combustion emissions (e.g., V, Ni, Cd), suggesting a preponderance of easily available forms at the surface of the relatively inert particle cores. The use of these time sequential methods may help in (1) modeling metal partitioning in biological media and (2) investigating the causes of adverse effects attributed to air PM. 相似文献
123.
Cadmium (Cd2+), a known carcinogen, mimics the effects of estrogen in the uterus and mammary gland suggesting its possible involvement in the development and progression of breast cancer. This lab showed through analysis of a small set of archival human diagnostic specimens that the third isoform of the classic Cd2+ binding protein metallothionein (MT-3) is not expressed in normal breast tissue, but is expressed in some breast cancers and that expression tends to correlate with a poor disease outcome. The goals of this study were to verify that overexpression of MT-3 in a large set of archival human diagnostic specimens tends to correlate with poor disease outcome and define the mechanism of MT-3 gene regulation in the normal breast epithelial cell. The results showed that MT-3 was expressed in approximately 90% of all breast cancers and was absent in normal breast epithelium. The lack of MT-3 staining in some cancers correlated with a favorable patient outcome. High frequency of MT-3 staining was also found for in situ breast cancer suggesting that MT-3 might be an early biomarker for breast cancer. The study also demonstrated that the MCF-10A cell line, an immortalized, non-tumorigenic model of human breast epithelial cells, displayed no basal expression of MT-3, nor was it induced by Cd2+. Treatment of the MCF-10A cells with the demethylation agent, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, or the histone deacetylase inhibitor, MS-275, restored MT-3 mRNA expression. It was also shown that the MT-3 metal regulatory elements are potentially active binders of protein factors following treatment with these inhibitors suggesting that MT-3 expression may be subject to epigenetic regulation. 相似文献
124.
Accumulation of metals by aquatic organisms is mostly affected by other biological components in environments. In this study, cadmium (Cd) accumulation in green algae, Cladophora glomerata (L.) Kutz., exposed to 0.1 and 1.0 mg L?1 of Cd for 15 and 30 days was examined in laboratory conditions in the presence of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.). The green algae C. glomerata accumulated Cd concentrations as 690 ± 70 and 3430 ± 470 mg kg?1 on day 15, and 1130 ± 180 and 6830 ± 1540 mg kg?1 on day 30. There were significant increases (p < 0.05) in metal accumulation by green algae as the exposure time and metal concentration increased. The results also indicated that the presence of Nile tilapia in the medium led to a significant Cd accumulation in the green algae compared to control (p < 0.05). 相似文献
125.
为了获得可用于快速检测环境中重金属污染的全细胞生物传感器,本研究将含有HA标签的萤火虫荧光素酶(LUC)基因重组到含有四膜虫金属硫蛋白MTT1启动子和微管蛋白终止子序列的载体pBX中,获得重组质粒pBX-LUC,用基因枪粒子轰击法将pBX-LUC转化入四膜虫细胞中,通过同源重组和巴龙霉素抗性筛选, LUC基因整合到四膜虫大核基因组MTT1 位点,获得含有LUC基因的细胞株B2086-LUC. B2086-LUC对重金属镉和汞的响应敏感,可检测的最低浓度为5~10ng/mL;对铜和锌的响应较弱,可检测的最低浓度为0.5~ 1mg/mL.因此,四膜虫B2086-LUC可作为环境中镉和汞污染快速检测的全细胞生物传感器. 相似文献
126.
Norton Nelson 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(2):93-107
The carcinogenicity of metals has received extensive study, both epidemiologically and in the laboratory. These have included case reports of occasional human occurrence or clusters of cancer cases as well as extensive epidemiologic studies; in addition, there has been significant laboratory research on the whole animals and in vitro systems. This body of information will be examined selectively. I will not in this paper attempt a comprehensive review of the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of metals and their compounds. Rather, I will attempt to set forth some historical perspectives, and to comment on some current gaps and needs. Other papers in this workshop have presented thorough and very current reviews of most of the topics briefly noted in this presentation and do not require repetition here. The cancer issue has been studied and reported on far more extensively than that relating to heritable mutations. There has been in recent years increasing interest in the use of short term tests for mutagenicity and cell transformation. These, however, are primarily with respect to their relationship to cancer production rather than to germ cell injury. Interest in cancer from metal compounds goes back a long time; in fact, one of the earliest reports was on the carcinogenicity of arsenic not many decades after the pioneering report of Sir Perceval Pott on cancer in chimney sweeps. Since then cancer has been definitely associated in humans with chromium compounds, nickel, and with less assurance but probably definitely with beryllium and cadmium. The confirmation of these findings in laboratory animals has been uneven. In the case of arsenic, for example, there has been only limited success in the production of cancer in laboratory animals with arsenic. Many other metals have been found in laboratory studies to produce cancer, although with most of these, evidence of production of cancer in humans is either absent or extremely uncertain. The extensive body of recent information relating to the testing of metals with a variety of short term tests will be briefly reviewed. 相似文献
127.
The hypotheses on the de novo syntheses of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (PCDDs), based on known literature, are presented. Polychlorinated benzenes and polychlorinated phenols are probably key intermediates. In the present article, hypotheses that may account for the presence of polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dibenzo‐p‐dioxins (PCDDs) in the effluents from municipal and industrial incinerators are put forward. These hypotheses are based on the previously surveyed literature (Ref. 203–206) and experimental results on laboratory scale and thermodynamic calculations are considered. The interconnections of various reaction steps are speculative and no technological information was added to account for conditions in real incinerators. Conclusion of the discussions on the related subject matter, presented in the Parts I‐IV (Ref. 203–206), are also described in this paper. 相似文献
128.
Bioavailabilities of metals in sediment to aquatic organisms depend on the strength of metal bonding to particulates. The accumulation tests of Cu and Cd in carp and in snails have been studied in vitro with the solution containing semisynthetic sediment samples in which the contents of various speciation of metal in sediment have been extended. For carp, the accumulation of Cu and Cd is related to the concentration of dissolved metal which in turn is affected by the distributions of speciations in sediment under given environmental conditions. It is another pattern for snails, various speciations of metal in sediment can contribute indirectly to metal accumulation. The contribution ratio, or relative importance of various speciations of metal in sediment can be expressed by multiple linear regression formulas. The contribution of ion‐exchangable speciation and coprecipition with carbonate speciation is 105 times larger than that of residue speciation in sediment. 相似文献
129.
The concentrations of four essential (Ca, Mg, Zn, and Cu) and two nonessential elements (Pb and Cd) in feathers and kidneys, livers, gut walls, and muscles of eight carcasses of migratory red-crowned cranes (Grus japonensis) from Zhalong Wetland, northeastern China, were examined. The concentrations of Cd in the feathers were between 0.4 mg kg?1 dry weight (dw) and 3.1 mg kg?1 dw, in the livers between 0.4 and 4.4 mg kg?1 dw, the maximum of which exceeded a level considered to be environmental exposure risk (i.e., 3 mg kg?1 dw in the liver or kidney). High Pb levels (0.4–3.2 mg kg?1 dw, with an average of 1.8 mg kg?1) were also detected in livers, which exceeded a level considered toxicosis in birds (1.7 mg kg?1 dw). Pb and Cd had the highest scores in principal component analysis. Relatively high Pb and Cd concentrations in the migratory cranes were thought to be associated with their habitat and prey. 相似文献
130.