高含硫化氢原油除硫技术研究与应用

针对新疆油田分公司采油一厂车89井区高含硫的问题,分别对硫化氢成因、转化机理及除硫方式进行研究,开展了化学除硫工艺技术、负压闪蒸除硫工艺技术以及催化曝气除硫工艺技术现场试验。试验结果表明:采用负压闪蒸除硫工艺、催化曝气除硫工艺及化学除硫工艺(HCS-4除硫剂加药浓度约1×104 mg/L、作用80s)处理后,可将车89井区原油中硫化氢浓度降至安全阈限值15mg/m3以下。     

非贵金属催化还原水中的硝酸盐氮

基于双金属催化还原NO3--N的机理分析和常见金属催化电解脱硝技术的初步研究成果,对非贵金属元素催化还原水中NO3--N进行了实验研究.实验数据表明,Fe、Cu、Co、Pb和Zn 5种元素在阴极电场作用下对NO3--N具有较高的催化还原活性;NO3--N催化还原主要产物为NO2--N和NH4＋-N,产物比例受催化元素选...     

Effect of pretreatment on Pd/Al2O3 catalyst for catalytic oxidation of o-xylene at low temperature

The effect of pretreatment on Pd/Al₂O₃ catalysts for the catalytic oxidation of o-xylene at low temperature was studied by changing the pretreatment and testing conditions. The fresh and pretreated Pd/Al₂O₃ catalysts were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the pretreatment dramatically changed the Pd/PdO ratio and then significantly affected the Pd/Al₂O₃ activity; while the pretreatment had not much influence on Pd particle size. The Pd/Al₂O₃ pre-reduced at 300℃/400℃, which has fully reduced Pd species, showed the highest activity; while the fresh Pd/Al₂O₃, which has fully oxidized Pd species, presented the worst performance, indicating the Pd chemical state plays an important role in the catalytic activity for the o-xylene oxidation. It is concluded that metallic Pd is the active species on the Pd/Al₂O₃ catalyst for the catalytic oxidation of o-xylene at low temperature.     

Characterization and performance of Pt/SBA-15 for low-temperature SCR of NO by C3H6

Pt supported on mesoporous silica SBA-15 was investigated as a catalyst for low temperature selective catalytic reduction(SCR) of NO by C 3 H 6 in the presence of excess oxygen.The prepared catalysts were characterized by means of XRD,BET surface area,TEM,NO-TPD,NO/C 3 H 6-TPO,NH 3-TPD,XPS and 27 Al MAS NMR.The effects of Pt loading amount,O 2 /C 3 H 6 concentration,and incorporation of Al into SBA-15 have been studied.It was found that the removal efficiency increased significantly after Pt loading,but an optimal loading amount was observed.In particular,under an atmosphere of 150 ppm NO,150 ppm C 3 H 6,and 18 vol.% O 2,0.5% Pt/SBA-15 showed remarkably high catalytic performance giving 80.1% NOx reduction and 87.04% C 3 H 6 conversion simultaneously at 140°C.The enhanced SCR activity of Pt/SBA-15 is associated with its outstanding oxidation activities of NO to NO 2 and C 3 H 6 to CO 2 in low temperature range.The research results also suggested that higher concentration of O 2 and higher concentration of C 3 H 6 favored NO removal.The incorporation of Al into SBA-15 improved catalytic performance,which could be ascribed to the enhancement of catalyst surface acidity caused by tetrahedrally coordinated AlO 4.Moreover,the catalysts could be easily reused and possessed good stability.     

Effect of preparation parameters on catalytic properties of Pt/graphite

Catalytic ozonation of aqueous solutions of oxalic acid was examined in the presence of graphite-supported platinum catalysts. The catalytic activity of graphite was significantly enhanced by loading platinum. The removal efficiency of oxalic acid was 3.0%, 47.6% and 99.3% for ozonation alone, graphite catalytic ozonation and Pt/graphite catalytic ozonation in 30 min under the experimental condition, respectively. The influence of support pretreatment, solvent, impregnation time, platinum loading amount and reduction temperature on the activity of Pt/graphite catalyst was investigated. The pretreatment of graphite support had no effect on activity improvement of Pt/graphite catalyst. Solvent and impregnation time also no great effect on the activity. Platinum loading amount and reduction temperature influenced the catalyst activity significantly. The optimal catalytic performance of Pt/graphite was obtained when 1.0% platinum loading and 623 K of reduction temperature was adopted. The Pt/graphite catalyst was used for five times with no significant decrease in its activity and more than 90% oxalic acid removal was obtained. __________ Translated from Environmental Science, 2007, 28(6): 1258–1263 [译自: 环境科学]     

催化动力学光度法研究褐藻对铜的吸附

应用催化动力学光度法研究了褐藻紫菜对铜离子的吸附作用 .结果表明 ,经过0 0 5mol·l- 1 氢氧化钠预处理的紫菜其吸附量最大 ,控制pH值为 3 6,其生物吸附作用是一种快速的过程 ,在 8min内吸附量为 1 3 2 6mg·g- 1 ,已基本达到平衡     

Study on catalysts for combustion of lean CH_4

ＳｔｕｄｙｏｎｃａｔａｌｙｓｔｓｆｏｒｃｏｍｂｕｓｔｉｏｎｏｆｌｅａｎＣＨ＿４ＺｈｏｕＺｅｘｉｎｇ，ＹｉｎＬｉｎｇ，ＸｕＪｉｎｇＫｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏ－ＦｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆＳｃ...     

CeO2形貌结构对催化湿式空气氧化苯酚性能的影响

采用水热法、沉淀法和溶胶凝胶法制备了3种不同形貌的CeO₂催化材料,并将其用于湿式空气氧化苯酚水溶液过程中,探讨了CeO₂形貌结构对催化湿式氧化苯酚水溶液性能的影响.采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、程序升温还原（TPR）等手段对CeO₂催化材料进行了表征.结果表明,水热法制备的CeO₂催化材料表现出较好催化性能,主要原因是水热法合成的CeO₂呈现交错的纳米棒状结构,主要暴露（220）晶面,且沿着（220）晶向生长.在反应温度为200℃、空气压力为2MPa、苯酚初始浓度500mg/L的条件下,最终（240min）COD的去除率为95.5%.