INTERNATIONAL TRADE,ECO-LABELLING,AND SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES – RECENT ISSUES,CONCEPTS AND PRACTICES

Certification of where, when and how fish are caught is emerging as an important fisheries management tool. The history of eco-labelling in the fisheries sector is relatively short and actual experiences of eco-labelling are limited, although an emerging trend is shaping in European and US markets. Eco-labelling in fisheries gained increased impetus with the development of the non-government Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) in 1996. This paper reviews the emerging importance of certification and eco-labelling in the fisheries sector, the development and operation of the MSC, identifying particularly the role of ‘third party certification’ as promoted by the MSC, and notes the opportunities and challenges for the MSC and eco-labelling in general.     

A new shock tube configuration for studying dust-lifting during the initiation of a coal dust explosion

The traditional defence against propagating coal dust explosions is the application of dry stone dust. This proven and effective safety measure is strictly regulated based on extensive international experience. While new products, such as foamed stone dust, offer significant practical benefits, no benchmark tests currently exist to certify their dust lifting performance in comparison to dry stone dust. This paper reviews the coal dust explosion mechanism, and argues that benchmark testing should focus on dust lifting during the initial development of the explosion, prior to arrival of the flame. In a practical context, this requires the generation of shock waves with Mach numbers ranging from 1.05 to 1.4, and test times of the order of 10's to 100's of milliseconds. These proposed test times are significantly longer than previous laboratory studies, however, for certification purposes, it is argued that the dust lifting behaviour should be examined over the full timescales of an actual explosion scenario. These conditions can be accurately targeted using a shock tube at length scales of approximately 50 m. It is further proposed that useful test time can be maximised if an appropriately sized orifice plate is fitted to the tube exit, an arrangement which also offers practical advantages for testing. The paper demonstrates this operating capability with proof-of-concept experiments using The University of Queensland's X3 impulse facility.     

专业认证框架下安全工程专业课程体系改革探索与实践

安全工程专业课程体系的设置决定着安全工程专业人才的培养质量和就业方向,因此,建立合理的安全工程专业课程体系是安全工程专业人才更好地满足社会需要的根本保证。针对当前安全工程专业课程体系设置的现状,对存在的问题进行了分析,引入专业认证标准来对课程进行设置,并进行初步探索和实践。将学校安全工程专业理论教学体系整合成4个模块:通识教育课程、学科基础课程、专业发展课程、专业方向课程。其中专业课程约占总学时16%,基础课占70%以上。实践教学课程体系由专业实验课、学科基础实践、专业实践构成,总学分43.5。     

德国环境绩效评估成果对中国环境保护的启示

文章通过研究和学习德国在环境保护方面的基本做法和成功经验,进而给予我们在环境保护方面诸多启示,包括加强环保教育,进一步增强环境保护意识;在引导和鼓励中国环境非政府组织方面,可以给予非政府组织宽松的生存空间;赋予非政府组织广泛的环境权利;强化非政府组织的外部监督;广开财路,多渠道筹措环保资金,融资渠道有通过债券市场,股票环保,基金,环保彩票,引进外资,金融机构贷款,排污权交易方式融资;加强中国企业的环境管理和认证;完善中国的环境政策等。     

县级环境监测站如何搞好计量认证

阐释环境监测站要建立量质量体系文件,把管理评审、内部审核、期间核查、档案管理等贯穿于监测活动始终,才能搞好计量认证。     

国内外环境空气质量模型法规化现状与对比研究

系统总结了国内外环境空气质量模型的法规化现状及最新进展,分析对比了国内外典型国家和地区环境空气质量模型法规化现状与特点,在总结我国环境空气质量模型法规化的主要问题的基础上,提出了我国模型法规化建设的具体方向,对我国环境空气质量模型法规化制度和框架建设具有指导意义。