液滴荷电雾化湿式电除尘器颗粒捕集特性研究

为研究液滴荷电雾化作用下静电场中粉尘颗粒的捕集特性,设计并搭建了线板式湿式电除尘装置,通过实验获得了电场强度、停留时间、粉尘浓度和液滴流量等参数对捕集效率的影响规律.结果表明,施加雾化荷电液滴后各粒径段颗粒的分级穿透率均低于干式电除尘器,随着电场强度增加至3.5kV/cm,分级穿透率降幅逐渐增大,出口浓度降幅达到最大值,PM_0.5、PM₁和PM_2.5分别降低了28.7%、28.0%和27.1%,高于3.5kV/cm后降幅逐渐减小.相同电场强度下,捕集效率随停留时间的增加而增大,电场强度为4kV/cm时,停留时间由2.14s增大至4.04s,PM_0.5、PM₁和PM_2.5的分级穿透率分别降低了50.2%、49.3%和48.5%.随着粉尘浓度的增加,颗粒碰撞和凝并作用提高,捕集效率逐渐增大,当空间电荷密度难以满足颗粒充分荷电后,继续增大粉尘浓度将导致捕集效率降低.液滴流量的增大能够促进颗粒荷电与凝并,有利于提高捕集效率.与传统湿式电除尘器相比,采用液滴荷电雾化能够明显降低耗水量,且保持较高的颗粒捕集效率.     

冷喷涂镍涂层在不锈钢焊点腐蚀防护上的应用研究

目的 研究冷喷涂镍涂层对不锈钢焊点腐蚀行为的影响,为提高不锈钢焊接结构件的耐腐蚀性能提供依据。方法 采用冷喷涂技术在316L不锈钢电阻点焊结构件表面制备纯镍涂层,在金相组织、酸性盐雾腐蚀性能等检测分析基础上,研究不锈钢焊点在有涂层和无涂层条件下的腐蚀行为。结果 采用冷喷涂技术在不锈钢焊点表面制备出了孔隙率不大于0.5%的高致密纯镍涂层,带有涂层的不锈钢点焊结构件经过96 h酸性盐雾试验后,未发生腐蚀。结论 不锈钢表面钝化膜在点焊过程中发生破坏,基体裸露在腐蚀介质中,导致焊点区域发生腐蚀。在表面制备高致密镍涂层后,通过高耐蚀涂层对焊点进行屏蔽防护,有效提高其耐腐蚀性能,满足了某装备不锈钢结构件在酸性盐雾条件下的使用要求。     

Valuable utilisation of spray dryer ash and its performance in structural concrete

This paper focuses on the valuable utilisation of spray dryer ash (SDA) and investigates its performance in concrete for structural applications. Based on the challenges associated with the disposal of coal combustion products (including SDA) and the economic costs linked to cement production, this research seeks to provide an environmentally friendly and more cost-effective concrete product by utilising SDA in partial replacement of cement in concrete. With the exception of a relatively high-sulphur content, SDA exhibits very useful properties that are closely related to Class C fly ash and Portland cement.

Experimental tests were carried out to determine the effect of SDA replacement of Portland cement (ranging from 0 to 50% replacement) on the compressive strength, bond strength, freeze-thaw performance and corrosion resistance of concrete. The addition of SDA in non-air entrained concrete provided a general increase in its strength with optimal limits ranging between 25 and 35% replacement. The addition of SDA produced a negligible effect on the freeze-thaw durability of the concrete (air entrained). Results for corrosion performance were not as definitive, but indicate that the use of SDA does not significantly change the likelihood of reinforcing bar corrosion.     

The effect of fluorescent tracers on droplet spectrum,viscosity, and density of pesticide formulations

The most important factor affecting efficacy and drift of pesticide applications is the droplet spectrum. To measure pesticide drift, researchers utilize fluorescent tracers to rapidly quantify spray deposition. Although fluorescent tracers have been used for more than 50 years, no experiments have been performed on the effect they have on the properties of pesticide formulations (density and viscosity) or droplet spectrum, which affect the drift of pesticides. Therefore, we examined the effect of an oil- and water-based tracer on the volume median diameter (VMD), viscosity, and density of oil- and water-based pesticide formulations. In addition, we experimentally fit and demonstrate the utility of using distributions to characterize pesticide droplet spectra. The addition of tracers to both water- and oil-based formulations did not significantly alter the VMD, viscosity, and density. Lognormal distributions provided the best fit for the water- and oil-based formulations with and without tracer. Our results demonstrated that the addition of oil- and water-based tracers do not significantly alter pesticide formulations properties and droplet spectrum, and most likely do not alter the movement of pesticide droplets in the environment.     

Determination of pendimethalin (PROWL®480 EC) spray drift from ground applications

Abstract

Pendimethalin herbicide (PROWL^®480 EC) spray drift was determined from ground applications representing the highest rate applied to corn in eastern Canada. A novel drift collector pattern was laid out on the ground immediately before herbicide application. Most of the drift collectors were located downwind of the application target area. The maximum labelled rate of 1.68 kg ai/Ha was applied on 2 occasions on separate sites. In both applications, drift collector cards indicated that concentrations of pendimethalin were not detectable outside the target zone (<0.01 μg/cm²) at or beyond the 10 metre drift collector stations. Risk assessment calculations indicated that non‐target organisms would not be at significant risk from off‐site movement of pendimethalin.     

浮码头钢趸船防腐涂装体系研究

目的为浮码头钢趸船优选防腐涂装体系,以延长其使用寿命。方法根据钢趸船腐蚀环境特点,对选用的防腐涂料进行对比试验,针对不同的腐蚀环境,优选不同的防腐蚀方案。结果制定了4套与不同腐蚀环境相对应的防腐涂装体系。结论该防腐蚀涂装体系已在上海、青岛、湛江等海域的钢趸船上使用,效果良好。     

喷雾降尘在凡口铅锌矿的应用

介绍了喷雾降尘技术在凡口铅锌矿井下大斜坡道的应用情况，并对该技术进行了评价。     

烟气输运和水喷淋相互作用的大涡模拟研究

本文应用大涡模拟方法，并结合Smagorinsky亚格子尺度模型，数值研究了烟气输运和水喷淋的相互作用问题。为了有效地模拟烟气输运过程，文中采用低马赫数近似下的三维可压缩Navier-Stokes方程和组分方程进行求解，并采用有限差分法数值计算了滤波后的控制方程。对于燃烧过程扣所产生的热释放，采用Lagrangian粒子携带热量的近似方法来模拟，这些运动粒子进一步用来标识烟气的输运过程，同时还近似模拟了水喷淋和热气流的相互作用过程。文中数值计算了燃烧火源所形成的热气流和烟气输运过程，以及与水喷淋的相互作用，并探讨了喷水装置的喷水量、喷射角和水颗粒直径对流动特性的影响。     

速生杨木粉尘最小点火能的实验研究

为防止木材加工中木质粉尘燃爆事故的发生,以纤维板生产中常见的原材料速生杨木粉尘作为研究对象,在分析粉尘粒径分布、元素分析、工业分析及形貌特征的基础上,采用1.2 L哈特曼管对3种不同粒径（0~50,＞50~96,＞96~180 μm）速生杨木粉尘进行最小点火能实验,探究点火延迟时间、喷粉压力、质量浓度和粒径分布对速生杨木粉尘最小点火能的影响及变化规律。研究结果表明:在质量浓度为500 g/m3时,分别增加点火延迟时间和喷粉压力,最小点火能都先减小后增大;最佳点火延迟时间和最佳喷粉压力分别为120 ms和120 kPa;粒径对最佳点火延迟时间和最佳喷粉压力无显著影响。在点火延迟和喷粉压力分别为120 ms和120 kPa条件下,最小点火能随质量浓度的增加先减小后增大。粉尘粒径与最小点火能呈正相关性,3种样品的最小点火能分别为1~3,1~3和7~13 mJ,对应的敏感质量浓度分别为500 ,750和1 250 g/m3,属于特别着火敏感性粉尘。     

锅炉尾部烟道直接喷水调质技术的研究

对排烟温度低于160 ℃的锅炉尾部烟道内直接喷水调质技术进行了探讨,从实际应用情况来看,此项技术改造规模小,不影响除灰系统正常运行,并且能提高1%～2.5%的除尘效率.