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91.
根据燃料特性及工艺特点,阐述了蒸汽灭火系统、水喷雾灭火系统、干粉灭火系统和泡沫灭火系统在燃油锅炉房中的应用条件、主要设计参数及与通风排烟系统的关系。 相似文献
92.
盐雾胁迫对榄仁幼苗生长及体内矿质元素分布的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在温室培养条件下,用叶片喷雾的方式对盐生植物榄仁(Terminalia catappa)的幼苗进行NaCl胁迫处理,研究了盐雾胁迫对其生长、5种矿质元素(Ca2+、Mg2+、Na+、K+、Cl-)和灰分在幼苗不同叶龄叶片和叶片各部分分布的影响,以探讨盐雾胁迫下的盐害机理,以此指导实际工作中盐害诊断与预防措施,为筛选耐盐树种建设沿海防护林提供依据。结果表明:盐雾胁迫下榄仁幼苗的叶、茎、根生长比对照组缓慢,K+在各叶片分区的分布差别较小,Ca2+、Mg2+、灰分在叶片中心区分布较多,Na+和Cl-均向叶缘集中,且Na+和Cl-质量分数显著增加(P〈0-05),可见盐雾胁迫下榄仁幼苗叶片盐分较易集中在叶尖、叶缘,这与叶片病斑多分布于叶尖、叶缘的症状相符。盐雾胁迫下榄仁幼苗叶片的灰分质量分数在叶片中心区分布最多,并呈现老叶〉成叶〉新叶,而且随胁迫时间增加呈升高趋势,叶片不同部位和不同叶龄的灰分质量分数都显著高于对照组(P〈0-05),故盐雾胁迫促进植物体灰分积累。盐雾胁迫下榄仁幼苗的 K+、Na+、Cl-在新叶分布最多,Ca2+在老叶分布最多,Mg2-在成熟叶分布最多,可见新叶对盐雾胁迫最敏感。不论是在叶片不同部分、不同叶龄的分布,还是在盐雾胁迫下5种矿质元素质量分数的变化上,榄仁幼苗体内的Na+-Cl-存在极显著强正相关(P〈0.01)。 相似文献
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R.E. Mickle 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):621-645
Abstract The ULV spray emitted from a TBM flying in a cross wind was mapped by a scanning lidar system. The fate of the spray cloud for 2 min after release from the aircraft was followed as the material was transported downwind of the flight line. Vertical scans at 6 s intervals with 1 m‐3 resolution provided detailed insight into the entrainment of the spray into the wing‐tip vortices and ultimate release to drift or deposit. Relative concentration, dosage and deposit profiles are presented for this cross‐wind case. Vortex lifetimes were found to be significantly different for the up‐wind and downwind vortices. The majority of the near field deposit was associated with the up‐wind vortex while the drift was linked to the down‐wind vortex. 相似文献
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Ruth M. Loewy Liliana B. Monza Veronica E. Kirs Monica C. Savini 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(8):662-670
An assessment of the off-site migration of pesticides from agricultural activity into the environment in the Neuquen River Valley was performed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of pesticides in several compartments of a small agricultural sub-catchment. Soil, surface water, shallow groundwater and drift deposition were analyzed for pesticide residues. Results showed the presence of some pesticide residues in soil, surface water and shallow groundwater compartments. The highest detection frequencies in water (surface and subsurface) were found for azinphos-methyl and chlorpyrifos (>70%). In terms of concentration, the highest levels were observed in shallow groundwater for azinphos methyl (22.5 μg/L) and carbaryl (45.7 μg/L). In the soil, even before the application period had started, accumulation of residues was present. These residues increased during the period studied. Spray drift during pesticide application was found to be a significant pathway for the migration of pesticide residues in surface water, while leaching and preferential flows were the main transport routes contributing to subsurface contamination. 相似文献
97.
K.M.S. Sundaram 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):643-663
Abstract Spray deposits were measured on spruce foliage at tree canopy level and on glass plates at ground level, after aerial application of an emulsion formulation of fenitrothion at the rate of 0.21 kg AI in 1.46 L per ha over a 16 ha plot in a plantation forest. Fenitrothion deposits were quantified by gas‐liquid chromatography. A wide variation was observed in deposits on foliage and at the forest floor. Deposits were relatively higher on foliar samples collected from the upwind side of a tree canopy than those on the downwind side. Similarly, the glass plate placed under a tree on the upwind side received relatively higher deposit than the one on the downwind side. However, the glass plates placed in the adjacent forest openings collected markedly higher deposits. Results clearly indicate filtration of the spray droplets by canopy foliage. Assessment of the average deposit of fenitrothion at ground level (mean deposit from all sampling locations) indicated that ca. 19.4% of the applied material reached the forest floor. Within a sampling station, correlation was poor between foliar depsits and those on glass plates under the same trees or in nearby clearings. Analysis of fenitrothion deposits on foliage collected at 1 and 2 h after application indicated that the droplets took, more than 1 h for deposition on the tree canopy. On the other hand, deposition on the glass plates at ground level appeared to be practically complete within 1 h post‐treatment. This was attributed to the higher sedimentation velocities of the larger droplets which tend to travel faster to the floor level than the smaller droplets which float for a longer period near the tree canopy. 相似文献
98.
新型污泥喷雾干化-回转窑焚烧工艺是将脱水污泥通过雾化喷嘴形成滴雾后与高温烟气并流接触达到干化后再进行焚烧的集成技术.干化过程中湿污泥中有机物的挥发及该新型工艺的运行工况和污染物减排效果成为污泥处理处置领域关注的焦点.在对污泥喷雾干化焚烧工艺原理分析基础之上,对我国600 t/d新型污泥喷雾干化焚烧示范项目进行封闭式现场取样监测,通过成分分析、毒性监测等重点对污染物去除效果进行了研究,结果表明,该工艺通过自动控制可将出口烟气温度和干化污泥温度保持较稳定的状态,分别为(96±10)℃和(72±8)℃;喷雾干化塔内不存在粉尘爆炸危险,TVOC<0.025 mg/m3;直接干化热利用率>80%,优于间接干化;烟气排放口各指标均满足《生活垃圾焚烧污染控制标准》(GB18485-2001)的要求. 相似文献
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