Environmental Implications of the Erosion of Cultural Taboo Practices in Awka-South Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria: 1. Forests, Trees, and Water Resource Preservation

Cultural taboos and their sanctionshave helped to check abuse of the environmentat least among the local people. The disregardfor these traditional checks and balancesespecially among Christians has adverselyaffected their enforcement at this time. Theenvironment and culture preservation inAwka-South were investigated. The faithfulobservance of the traditional laws in the studyarea was attributed to the fact that Awka-Southarea had remained occupied by the same peoplefor centuries. The study showed that thepreserved forests and their shrines in Nibotown have largely remained intact. In Nisetown, however, with nine shrines still inexistence, the rules have relaxed a little,mainly because they embraced modernization. Inthis town, the fringes of the forests may beused for farming but no felling of trees wouldbe allowed. The ``god' of the shrine in Obunaguvillage was much revered until the advent ofChristianity. This religion has had an erodingeffect on the taboos, which were put in placeto protect their forests and streams. Theabandonment of traditional cultural practicesis doing harm that goes beyond the abrogationof traditional cultural practices to seriousthreat to natural environmental structures. Thecultures of the different tribes in Nigerianeed to be revisited for evaluation and studiesto enable their integration into modernpractices that will make the environment moresustainable. This will be more productive thanthe unilateral introduction of programs,execution, and maintenance methods that arecompletely new, or in many cases run contraryto the cultural practices of the local peopleand tribes of Nigeria.     

Living with Pollution in Egypt

Environmental issues are increasingly discussed in Egypt, and there is some progress in dealing with pollution. This paper examines the environmental understandings of Egyptians living in four localities. People are preoccupied with such pollution problems as dirty streets, dirty air and water, and noise, for they aspire to live in a clean, healthy environment. To achieve this, they pressure the government, and take certain individual and collective actions themselves, although direct political action is rare.     

Food Health Policies and Ethics: Lay Perspectives on Functional Foods

Functional foods are a challenge tofood health policies, since they questioncentral ideas in the way that food healthpolicies have been developed over the lastdecades. Driven by market actors instead ofpublic authorities and focusing on the role ofsingle foods and single constituents in foodsfor health, they contrast traditional wisdombehind nutrition policies that emphasize therole of the diet as a whole for health.Sociological literature about food in everydaylife shows that technical rationality co-existswith other food related rationalities, such aspractical and economic rationalities, socialand relational rationalities, and symbolicrationalities that influence citizens' ordinaryeating habits. An examination of lay views onexpert knowledge about food and health showthat skepticism exists with respect to thebasis of and balance of expert advice. Critical points with respect to how functionalfoods may influence routines in the populationswith relevance for public health include thefact, that they promote a way of thinking offood and health that is in conflict withwell-established practical ways of ensuring abalanced diet.     

宁夏区域西夏建筑文化景观及其开发利用

蕴涵博大精深的党项族文化的西夏建筑景观表现出很高的艺术价值和独特的艺术风格，是西部难得的旅游资源。作者运用文化景观学的理论分析了宁夏区域西夏建筑文化景观，以及宁夏自然环境对西夏建筑文化景观的影响，同时指出人文社会环境与宁夏区域西夏建筑文化景观营造有更大意义。最后，作者认为宁夏区域西夏建筑文化景观的旅游开发，要在借助西夏学热，促进西夏建筑文化游的理论研究的基础上，积极展开区域协作，精心设计旅游线路，拓展旅游市场。     

反硝化真菌-细菌优化组合及其脱氮能力研究

从多种真菌中筛选到3株脱氮活性较高的真菌,并将其与一株从武汉市郊新筛选分离到的具有较强脱氮能力的细菌HS-03进行混和培养,通过正交实验确立其最佳培养条件。正交实验方差分析表明:碳源、pH值和温度3个因素对脱氮率的影响都非常显著,菌种因素对脱氮率有一定影响。实验结果表明,真菌与细菌混合脱氮的最佳培养条件为:以琥珀酸钠为碳源,NaNO3为N源,C/N为10,pH=7.5,温度30℃。细菌HS-03和真菌Fusariumoxyspurum的组合优于其它组合。在最佳培养条件下,该组合能在21h内去除10mmolNO3-,优于相同条件下细菌HS-03或真菌F.oxyspurum的反硝化能力。     

武陵山区特产的地理标志与文化遗产

武陵山少数民族地区是我国内陆跨省交界地区面积最大、人口最多的少数民族聚居区,也是我国实施西部大开发战略和中部崛起战略的交汇地带。地理标志与文化遗产保护是当前普遍关注的热点问题,介绍了贵州武陵山民族地区传统特产资源的地理标志知识产权、非物质文化遗产、物质文化遗产保护现状,探讨发展对策,提出建议。     

基于AHP分析的张家界非物质文化遗产资源潜力评价研究

运用德尔菲法、层次分析法构建了由4个二级指标、18个三级指标构成的非物质文化遗产资源评价体系。在以张家界为案例的实证研究中发现,非物质文化遗产的资源潜力与资源等级不成正比,桑植民歌、大庸硬气功的资源潜力很高,张家界阳戏的资源潜力次之,土家茅古斯虽然稀有,但是资源潜力较低。     

文物保存环境调湿净化一体化装置的效果评价

相对湿度是文物保存环境的一个极其重要的参数,NOx耦合水分对于文物的破坏性很大。在前期开发的空气净化器的基础上,研究了空气净化和湿度调节系统集成技术和参数,考察了空气净化器各单元对NOx的去除率,并评价了流量和相对湿度的影响,结果发现不同净化单元的设置合理有效。相对湿度低的情况下,氮氧化物去除率较高,达到96%以上,但在相对湿度较高的情况下则降低为66%。将空气净化器串联了调湿装置后,发现调湿器调湿效果显著,在各种环境湿度的情况下能有效的保持展柜的湿度。但在降湿效果上有待提高,调湿器的结构以及参数需要进一步优化。     

浅谈雕塑与人文环境的和谐性

雕塑和环境是密不可分的,雕塑从诞生之日起就是为环境而生.一件完美的雕塑品不仅仅是其自身造型的精美,更重要的是它能和所处环境完美结合起来,彼此衬托,交相辉映.雕塑以各种形式在各种条件的影响下融入到环境中去,追求整体的和谐,达到整合环境、美化环境的目的.     

家具企业粉尘污染问题及解决办法

简述了家具企业粉尘的产生及危害，提出了防尘的具体措施，为有关单位的职业卫生防护和安全管理提供了技术依据。