空中战场复杂电磁环境分析

信息化条件下,空中战场呈现出电子设备密集、电磁环境复杂的特征。在复杂电磁环境下,各武器装备受到来自不同平台、不同形式的电磁威胁。这些电磁威胁造成了空中战场武器装备性能下降,指挥控制难度增大,整体作战能力降低。在分析空中战场电磁环境特点的基础上,对空中战场的电磁威胁环境进行了研究,还分析了复杂电磁环境对空中作战的影响。并从强化电磁环境意识和加强专业人才培养两个方面提出了应对策略。     

用聚(丙烯酸/丙烯酰胺)水凝胶吸附单价阳离子染料的研究

研究了用聚 (丙烯酸 丙烯酰胺 ) [P(AAc AAm) ]水凝胶对较高较大浓度范围 (10 -6— 10 -2 mol L)的阳离子染料碱性藏花红 (SafranineT)溶液的吸附过程和水凝胶经解吸后的再吸附性质 .实验结果表明 :增大P(AAc AAm)水凝胶的交联度和电荷比值有利于吸附过程的进行 ,并强化了引发过程 (initiationprocess)而抑制了协同过程 (cooperativeprocess) .水凝胶经解吸后 ,其吸附能力大大地增强 ,复合度 (β)超过 1,约为 1 5 ,此时 ,协同性和染料分子间的疏水相互作用起了主要作用     

大别山超高压变质杂岩的折返

作为世界上规模最大的一个超高压变质带，大别山超高压变质杂岩是扬子板块 与中朝板块在三叠纪碰撞造山的产物，表现为扬子板块呈北北东向斜向俯冲到中朝板块之下。 超高压变质杂岩的折返机制是个复杂的动力学过程，折返速率也随时间推移而变慢。早期阶段 （三叠纪－早侏罗纪）同碰撞期浮力驱动下高压－超高压变质杂岩在俯冲带内沿道冲－韧性剪 切断裂快速挤侵（ｅｘｔｒｕｓｉｏ）到地壳层位，折返速率高达４ｍｍ／年；中期伴随着巨厚造山带山根的 拆沉，上部发生拉张塌陷，使超高压变质杂岩进一步减压，但折返速率缓慢，～(４０)Ａｒ／~(３９)Ａｒ年代学显 示１１７Ｍａ前它们仍处在地壳的较深部；晚期伴随着晚侏罗－早白垩纪花岗质岩浆的上升侵位， 超高压变质杂岩进一步抬升，同时低角度正断层发育，此阶段的折返机制类似于变质核杂岩模 型。整个折返过程中剥蚀一直在起作用。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定海河下游水中痕量镉

原子吸收光谱法直接测定高盐水中痕量镉时,有很大背景吸收和误差。本文采用络合—萃取技术使共存元素与待测元素分离,既消除了基体干扰,又达到了富集作用,使测定结果准确可靠。     

盾构铁路隧道坡度对火灾烟气蔓延的影响研究*

为研究坡度隧道内列车阻滞后的火灾烟气蔓延行为，利用火灾动力学模拟软件（FDS）建立盾构铁路隧道火灾模型和CRH6高速列车阻滞模型，隧道坡度分别为0%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%、2.5%、3.0%、3.5%和4.0%，通过分析隧道内烟气、温度、能见度等特征参数的变化规律，研究坡度隧道内高温烟气的受力情况，探讨坡度变化对火灾烟气蔓延的作用机理。结果表明，坡度隧道内发生火灾，随着烟气的蔓延，隧道内形成沿坡度方向的烟囱效应力，使得烟气在火源两侧呈不对称分布。火源下游区域的高温烟气在火风压和烟囱效应的协同作用下蔓延速度比上游更快，下游烟气层分界中性面与隧道轴线平行，上游烟气层分界中性面呈现水平状态。有坡度的铁路隧道内发生火灾，建议向火源下游方向施加纵向机械通风，人员向火源的上游方向疏散逃生更安全。     

新时期加强高校消防安全责任制落实的对策研究——以华中地区部分高校为例

为了深入探究当前高校消防安全责任制落实情况,本文通过文献梳理、问卷调查等研究方法,对华中地区20所高校进行问卷调查,调查显示当前高校消防安全责任制落实方面存在消防安全责任制管理机制不健全、二级单位责任制落实缺乏主动性和有效性、责任制落实缺乏量化考核机制以及宣传有效性不够等问题,并有针对性地就如何加强高校消防安全责任制落实提出对策及建议。     

The evolution of flame length for the oil tank fire with different top cover widths and lip heights

This study presents a quantitative analysis and interpretation of the variation in oil tank fire flame lengths for different oil tank sizes, top cover widths, and horizontal air flow velocities. The experimental results show that, at first, the flame length rises slowly with an increase in air flow speed. Then, once over a critical speed (0.6 m/s), the flame length decreases significantly with a further increase in air flow speed. Based on the characteristic length, a new dimensionless heat release rate is obtained, allowing the correlation between flame length, air flow speed, and dimensionless heat release rate to be calculated, which can be used to predict the flame length of an oil tank fire under different air flow speeds, lip heights, and cover widths.     

凹型建筑外立面火灾烟气蔓延特性研究

为了研究凹型建筑外立面火灾烟气蔓延特性，对高层建筑凹槽内火灾烟气“三场”数值模拟。研究表明:结构因子α（进深与槽宽之比）的变化导致凹型建筑结构内呈现不同的火灾烟气蔓延规律；当α为0~0.4时，建筑凹槽内的火灾烟气无烟囱效应；当α为0.6~1.2时，建筑凹槽内的火灾烟气呈现一定的烟囱效应，其火灾烟气温度场、CO浓度场、扩散速度场变化显著；当α>1.2的，建筑凹槽内的火灾烟气烟囱效应显著。     

A method to estimate pre-exploitation population size

Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) were commercially exploited on the subantarctic island of South Georgia for over 100 years and nearly driven to extinction. Since the cessation of harvesting, however, their populations have rebounded, and they are now often considered a nuisance species whose impact on the terrestrial landscape should be mitigated. Any evaluation of their current population requires the context provided by their historic, pre-exploitation abundance, lest ecologists fall prey to shifting baseline syndrome in which their perspective on current abundance is compared only with an altered state resulting from past anthropogenic disturbance. Estimating pre-exploitation abundance is critical to defining species recovery and setting recovery targets, both of which are needed for the International Union for the Conservation of Nature's recent efforts to develop a green list of recovering species. To address this issue, we reconstructed the South Georgia fur seal harvest from 1786 to 1908 from ship logbooks and other historical records and interpolated missing harvest data as necessary with a generalized linear model fit to the historical record. Using an approximate Bayesian computation framework, harvest data, and a stochastic age-structured population model, we estimated the pre-exploitation abundance of Antarctic fur seals on South Georgia was 2.5 million females (95% CI 1.5–3.5 million). This estimate is similar to recent abundance estimates, and suggests current populations, and the ecological consequences of so many fur seals on the island, may be similar to conditions prior to human harvest. Although the historic archive on the fur sealing era is unavoidably patchy, the use of archival records is essential for reconstructing the past and, correspondingly, to understanding the present. Article impact statement: Defining species recovery requires an understanding of baseline population state, which can be estimated through statistical methods.     

La_(2-x)Sr_xCuO_(4±λ)系列催化剂的合成、表征及NO分解催化性能的研究

合成了x值不同的 La_2.x_Sr_xCuO_(4±λ)(x=0.0—1.0)系列复合氧化物催化剂.用XRD、IR,XPS和化学分析等方法对催化剂的组成、结构进行了表征,并对NO分解的催化性能和作用机理进行了研究.结果表明:在x=0.0—1.0范围内.所有样品都具有A_2BO_4结构.发现NO分解活性与氧空位(缺陷)的浓度有关,与不同价态的Cu离子含量之间无直接关系.