钢筋混凝土框架电算结果的人工调整

根据钢筋混凝土多层框架的设计经验和设计规范，对如何调整电算结果中的梁，柱截面尺寸，配筋率，裂缝宽度和梁，柱配筋等问题进行探讨，并提出相应的建议。     

强震仪观测资料在杨浦大桥养护监测中的运用

上海杨浦大桥是当时世界同类型桥梁中最长的斜拉索桥,为了掌握大桥的运行情况,确保运行安全,每年用在该桥上的养护管理费用相当可观,且程序繁琐。如何找到既简单实用,又节约费用,就能起到一定的养护监测作用的方法?是本文探讨的问题。本文运用强震观测资料,采用自回归移动平均ARMA模型,得到大桥的随机振动中某些振型的频率及阻尼比,在地震、台风过后或经一长段时间车辆运行之后,看其相应振型频率和阻尼比的变化,以达到维护监测的目的。从所得的结果看,此法具有较好的可操作性,可用于大桥主塔等的养护。     

80m烟囟排放放射性气溶胶连续自动监测

本文介绍采用德国进口的ＬＢ９１００Ｄ监测系统对８０ｍ烟囟排放的α放射性气溶胶浓度进行连续、自动监测。并与国产ＦＪ－３６７，ＦＨ－４６３Ａ装置进行了对比则量，两套装置的测量结果符合得较好。     

桥梁施工过程的布拉格光纤光栅安全监测技术

为了安全可靠地建好每座大跨桥梁,就要对每座桥的施工过程进行安全监测,传统的安全监测方法是采用电测技术,由于抗电磁干扰性差等原因,测试的数据真实性差。笔者在布拉格光纤光栅的传感原理、室内悬臂梁试验和埋设工艺的研究基础上,成功地在黑大公路牛头山大桥上布设了布拉格光纤光栅应变传感器,为对比布拉格光纤光栅的监测结果,埋设了应变砖测试混凝土的应变,监测了该桥预应力混凝土连续梁先简支后连续施工的全过程,施工监测结果表明:布拉格光纤光栅监测大桥施工结果准确、稳定和可靠,同时证明该光纤光栅测试技术可以用于桥梁施工过程的安全监测且结果明显好于传统的电测技术。     

隔震连续梁桥结构以位移为基础的抗震设计方法

笔者对隔震连续梁桥结构提出了一种以位移为基础的抗震设计方法 ,建立了设计位移反应谱 ,给出了设计步骤 ,该方法可对对称与非对称隔震连续梁桥结构采用相同的设计步骤进行基于位移的抗震设计 ,最后对设计算例用振型分析和非线性时程分析验证了设计结果的合理性     

Landscape trajectory of natural boreal forest loss as an impediment to green infrastructure

Loss of natural forests by forest clearcutting has been identified as a critical conservation challenge worldwide. This study addressed forest fragmentation and loss in the context of the establishment of a functional green infrastructure as a spatiotemporally connected landscape-scale network of habitats enhancing biodiversity, favorable conservation status, and ecosystem services. Through retrospective analysis of satellite images, we assessed a 50- to 60-year spatiotemporal clearcutting impact trajectory on natural and near-natural boreal forests across a sizable and representative region from the Gulf of Bothnia to the Scandinavian Mountain Range in northern Fennoscandia. This period broadly covers the whole forest clearcutting period; thus, our approach and results can be applied to comprehensive impact assessment of industrial forest management. The entire study region covers close to 46,000 km² of forest-dominated landscape in a late phase of transition from a natural or near-natural to a land-use modified state. We found a substantial loss of intact forest, in particular of large, contiguous areas, a spatial polarization of remaining forest on regional scale where the inland has been more severely affected than the mountain and coastal zones, and a pronounced impact on interior forest core areas. Salient results were a decrease in area of the largest intact forest patch from 225,853 to 68,714 ha in the mountain zone and from 257,715 to 38,668 ha in the foothills zone, a decrease from 75% to 38% intact forest in the inland zones, a decrease in largest patch core area (assessed by considering 100-m patch edge disturbance) from 6114 to 351 ha in the coastal zone, and a geographic imbalance in protected forest with an evident predominance in the mountain zone. These results demonstrate profound disturbance of configuration of the natural forest landscape and disrupted connectivity, which challenges the establishment of functional green infrastructure. Our approach supports the identification of forests for expanded protection and conservation-oriented forest landscape restoration.     

Ergonomic assessment of selected workstations on a merchant ship

This study describes some key ergonomic factors within the engine room, navigation bridge and other locations of a merchant ship. Ergonomic assessments were carried out on a crew of a merchant ship. The study examines the importance of factors such as noise, vibration, heat radiation (in machinery areas), psychological stress and ergonomics of the physical arrangement of the navigation bridge. It also addresses the effect of working in confined areas for a long duration and the need to process large amounts of data, decision-making and the influence of specific operating conditions in different areas of a ship. This study includes analysis of workstations, working methods and the burden of environmental factors as well as a discussion of specific marine environmental conditions such as confined working and leisure spaces, long-term family and sociocultural separation, frequent changes in climate and time zones, and temporary physical overload and long-term psychological burdens.     

磷酸盐对亚硝化系统的抑制及恢复

通过接种城镇污水处理厂的污泥,采用连续流反应器启动亚硝化系统并改变进水磷酸盐的浓度,研究了不同磷酸盐浓度对亚硝化系统的影响.结果表明经过14 d的运行,亚硝化系统启动成功,氨氮转化率达到92.2%,亚硝酸盐累积率为73.66%,亚硝酸盐产生速率达到14.42 g·(m~3·d)~(-1).磷酸盐浓度在10~30 mg·L~(-1)时对亚硝化系统的影响并不大;随着磷酸盐浓度持续提高,氨氮转化率在不断降低.当磷酸盐的浓度为80 mg·L~(-1)时,系统的氨氮转化率为13.6%,亚硝酸盐累积率仅18.19%,亚硝酸盐产生速率仅0.54 g·(m~3·d)~(-1),亚硝化反应受到严重抑制.将进水磷酸盐浓度降低到0,经过14 d运行,亚硝化系统获得恢复,且氨氮转化率可以达到80%以上,亚硝酸盐累积率达到86.96%,亚硝酸盐产生速率为15.63g·(m~3·d)~(-1).     

无线电引信电磁辐射能量耦合路径研究

目的为了确定外界电磁能量究竟如何进入到引信电路内部,针对无线电引信的电磁能量耦合路径进行系统研究。方法通过对多种引信进行不同形式的连续波、强电磁脉冲电磁辐照效应试验,对比引信天线、孔缝、弹体、电源模块等部位的能量耦合可能性。分析连续波、强电磁脉冲电磁环境对无线电引信作用的耦合规律。结果确定了电磁信号类型和引信接地结构是影响电磁能量耦合通道的关键因素,揭示了前门耦合是连续波电磁辐射环境的最主要方式。结论弹体或引信前端与电路共地的金属部件是强电磁脉冲辐射环境的主要能量路径,从而为无线电引信抗电磁性能加固的实施提供了有益参考。