EMMC process for combined removal of organics, nitrogen and an odor producing substance

In order to improve the process performance regarding the removal of organics, nitrogen, and an odor-causing compound (sulfide) contained in domestic wastewater, an entrapped-mixed-microbial cell (EMMC) with and without humic substances for both fixed and moving carrier reactors and conventional suspended growth culture (i.e. conventional activated sludge process) were investigated simultaneously. Both synthetic (simulated to the organics concentration of general domestic sewage) and actual domestic wastewater were investigated under operational conditions of 12 h of hydraulic retention time (HRT) with 1 h of aeration and 1 h of non-aeration, and 6 h of HRT with continuous aeration, at a room temperature of 25 +/- 2 degrees C. It was found that entrapping humic substances in the EMMC carriers had no impact on the removal of organics, nitrogen, and the odor-producing compound. Additionally, the performance of the EMMC moving carrier system for the removal of these pollutants is similar to that of the EMMC fixed carrier system. In general, the EMMC associated systems which provide high solids retention time achieve a better removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen, and the odor-producing substance than the suspended growth system for both HRTs of 6 h (continuous aeration) and 12 h (1 h of aeration and 1 h of non-aeration). Both the fixed and moving carrier EMMC processes, therefore, have the potential for improvement or replacement of the existing conventional activated sludge process with regard to improving the effluent qualities (such as COD, nitrogen and odor-producing compound) for reuse/disposal.     

春季连阴雨对江苏省夏收作物产量的影响

分析了江苏省40年(1960～1999)春季连阴雨的发生概率、发展趋势及其时空分布规律。研究发现,春季连阴雨累计日数、总雨量与夏粮产量呈显著负相关关系,且累计日数≥30d时,夏粮减产非常明显,这种情况的发生概率达59．1％。     

近场地震作用下框架结构的损伤机理

首先讨论了近场地面运动的特征及各种抗震规范对近场地震的设防，然后采用非线性时程分析方法，对一个10层框架结构在近场地震作用下的响应特性进行了研究。同时对该框架结构进行了Pushover分析，通过与非线性时程分析结果进行对比，说明Pushover分析方法不能正确评估结构在近场地震作用下的抗震性能。     

连续退火机组氮气窒息事故分析及预防对策

介绍了某冷轧厂连续退火机组发生的一起氮气窒息事故,分析了水淬槽氮气产生的机理、事故发生的原因,提出了预防氮气窒息事故的对策措施.     

热力管加热桥面抗冰融冰试验研究

为了研究热力管加热桥面抗冰融冰对于公路交通安全的影响,制作了尺寸为600 mm×600 mm×380 mm的桥梁试件,在人工环境室对热力管融冰进行了模型试验。结果表明:试件上表面温升速率和融冰时间取决于热力管间距、隔热层、风速、环境温度和热力管外表面温度。在相同工况条件下,100 mm间距的热力管融冰能力要大于150 mm间距的热力管,无隔热层时,100 mm间距热力管向上传递的热量占总加热量的13.4%,融冰时间为211 min;150 mm间距热力管向上传递的热量占总加热量的18.3%,融冰时间为271 min。在热力管层下面铺设厚度为2 mm、导热系数为0.062 W/（m· K）的隔热材料后,100 mm间距热力管向上传递的热量占总加热量的46.9%,融冰时间为175 min;150 mm间距热力管向上传递的热量占总加热量的51.9%,融冰时间为161 min。热力管层铺设隔热材料可有效阻止热量向下传递,从而缩短融冰时间。     

Clam shell catalyst for continuous production of biodiesel

Continuous flow transesterification of waste frying oil (WFO) with methanol for the biodiesel production was tested in a laboratory scale jacketed reactive distillation (RD) unit packed with clam shell based CaO as solid catalyst. The physiochemical properties of the clam shell catalysts were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive Atomic X-ray Spectrometry (EDAX). The effects of the reactant flow rate, methanol-to-oil ratio, and catalyst bed height were studied to obtain the maximum methyl ester conversion. Reboiler temperature of 65°C was maintained throughout the process for product purification and the system reached the steady state at 7 hr. The experimental results revealed that the jacketed RD system packed with clam shell based CaO showed high catalytic activity for continuous production of biodiesel and a maximum methyl ester conversion of 94.41% was obtained at a reactant flow rate of 0.2 mL/min, methanol/oil ratio of 6:1, and catalyst bed height of 180 mm.     

钢门框型材冷弯成形工艺

介绍了不对称钢门框型材孔型设计中工艺参数、变形方式的选择方法     

利用逐级提高进料浓度的方法启动完全混合反应器处理鸡粪

为了改进完全混合反应器（continuous stirring tank reactor, CSTR）厌氧消化处理鸡粪的启动效果,通过逐级提高进料鸡粪浓度的方法在CSTR中进行中温（36 °C）厌氧消化的启动实验,实验分为2个步骤：污泥适应性驯化和消化能力提升,即通过间歇添加2%浓度鸡粪的方法驯化活性污泥;利用逐级提高进料鸡粪浓度（2.1%、3.2%和5.2%)的方法提高污泥消化能力。结果表明：通过逐级提升进料鸡粪浓度的方法能够驯化出处理一定浓度鸡粪的活性污泥,当进料鸡粪浓度达到5. 2%时,CSTR进料有机负荷（organic loading rate, OLR）、总固体含量（total solid, TS）去除率和产沼气量分别达到1.5 g·（L·d）-1、60%和1 L·（L·d）-1,甲烷体积分数稳定在（65±3）%左右,总氨氮浓度最高达到1 200 mg·L-1,没有出现氨抑制的现象,污泥活性随进料鸡粪浓度提升而逐步得到驯化,从而成功启动反应器正常运行。为CSTR厌氧消化处理高氮基质启动提供了新的方法,具有重要的理论和实践意义。     

斜拉桥支架法施工的自适应安全监测技术

介绍自适应控制的基本原理及其运用现状。根据斜拉桥的实际情况选用自适应控制形式,在主要部位埋设传感器和相关的测试仪器,明确监测时间并在实施中严格执行。依据实测结果对标高、应力、容重等参数按实际情况进行修正,得出施工过程中的受力状态,从而调整施工。算出主梁各节点理论施工预拱度变化曲线等数据并与实测值进行比较,反复修正。自适应法达到了仿真计算与实际施工过程保持一致的最佳施工控制效果。绥芬河斜拉桥的施工证明,自适应法是一种很适合斜拉桥支架施工安全监测的技术,值得推广应用。     

海洋环境中混凝土桥的钢筋防锈技术

混凝土内部的高碱性能使钢筋表面形成一层钝化膜，保护钢筋免受锈蚀。然而，混凝土对钢筋的保护作用及其有效时间决定于混凝土的保护层厚度、混凝土质量、接触氯盐(来自原材料和环境)状况等因素。本文对海洋环境中混凝土桥的钢筋锈蚀原因进行了分析，并提出了相应的技术对策。