Numerical Study of the Indoor Environmental Conditions of a Large Athletic Hall Using the CFD Code PHOENICS

This study investigates, experimentally and numerically, the environmental conditions prevailing in a large mechanically ventilated athletic hall, with the aid of the computational fluid dynamics code PHOENICS. The indoor space of the building was simulated in the PHOENICS environment and the model results were validated against experimental data collected during a 10-day campaign in the hall. The measurements included airflow characteristics and pollutants concentrations at different locations of the indoor space, as well as surface temperatures of the indoor materials. Having obtained good agreement between experimental and numerical results, different scenarios were applied in the model to investigate the environmental conditions prevailing in the hall under different ventilation and occupational conditions. These regard air-conditioning, heating, and cooling modes, as well as empty and full hall during an athletic event. The airflow, temperature, and CO₂ concentration fields were studied and results revealed dynamic behavior of the fields, significantly altering with the different considered cases. The airflow patterns were characterized by distinct vortices of various sizes, originating from the ceiling air inlet fans of the heating–ventilating–air conditioning system, while temperature and pollution stratification were evident, indicating ineffective performance of the ventilation system.     

HSE理念与管理研究

HSE（健康,安全和环境）的理念和文化建立是非常重要的,文化的建立离不开好的管理系统.员工或领导对工作不熟悉或没有按照生产程序去做,从而导致事故发生.为了预防事故,安全和生产不可分割.公司重视HSE管理,即重视人的生命和价值,热心公益事业,则有高效率的管理系统.     

燕岩溶洞旅游资源及其旅游深度开发研究

广东怀集的燕岩溶洞因金丝燕的定期群居而成为独特的溶洞旅游景观。基于对它的深入考察，阐述了地貌环境与结构、小气候生境、溶蚀过程等与金丝燕群居于此溶洞的关系。结果表明，新生代造山运动形成的高险地貌，继之溶蚀形成的节理裂隙发育的巨洞为金丝燕提供了着附的安全环境；宽阔的地下河及其造就的高湿度提供了金丝燕习惯栖息的海洋性小气候；硬质水温条件以及盆地孤峰模拟的海岛生境则成为金丝燕久居的重要原因。燕岩旅游资源划分为观赏性旅游资源、参与性旅游资源、娱乐性旅游资源等不同类型，形成洞内与洞外不同组合。燕岩旅游的深入开发有赖于对生态文化的发掘。为此，要通过客流分流、建筑控制、活动限定等措施保护金丝燕的生存环境；提炼金燕文化的精髓，积极利用“燕子节”等节庆活动以及其它文化场馆展示其深厚的文化底蕴，优化旅游资源结构，塑造燕岩生态文化旅游的独特品牌形象。     

Stimulation of human amniotic fluid cell proliferation and colony formation by cell plating on a naturally produced extracellular matrix

Human amniotic fluid cells exhibit a higher cloning efficiency and rate of cell proliferation when maintained on dishes coated with a naturally produced extracellular matrix (ECM) in comparison with the regular tissue culture plastic. In 22 out of 31 amniotic fluid samples there was by plating the cells on ECM a 2–6 fold increase in number and size of colonies and in the cell density per colony as detected by actual staining and viewing of each colony. These effects yielded, in 21 of 41 additional samples, a reduction ranging from 2–8 days, in the culture time elapsing between amniocentesis and the first harvesting of cells for chromosomal analysis. An even greater effect was obtained with primary cells that failed to attach to plastic surfaces and stayed floating in the medium but did attach and proliferate when seeded on ECM. Cells that were left firmly attached to ECM after the first trypsinization and harvesting of cells for chromosomal analysis yielded colonies ready for second karyotyping in less than half the time required for cells maintained on plastic. Studies with secondary cultures of human amniotic fluid cells have demonstrated a 5–10 fold decrease in serum requirement of cells cultured on ECM as compared with plastic. Addition of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) to the cultures further potentiated the effects of ECM. The ECM induced stimulation of cell attachment and proliferation was not associated with any chromosomal anomalies, nor did it interfere with the handling procedure. ECM coated dishes may be useful to reduce the time interval between amniocentesis and diagnosis, in particular when the amniotic cells exhibit an exceedingly slow rate of proliferation on plastic or when large quantities of cells are required for enzymatic studies.     

多元时间序列PCA分割及在天然气脱水装置工况识别中的应用

目的建立不同的工作状态下的设备状态预测评估模型。方法利用主成分分析法将多元时间序列数据进行切割,将分割后的数据段按照基于密度的方法,依照定义的距离,对多元时间序列进行聚类合并,从而得到不同工况下的时间序列。结果按照脱水装置工况状态,将重沸器特征对应的多元时间序列划分为不同的数据段。结论有效实现了脱水装置重沸器的参数数据分割,并识别出不同工况。     

陕西民俗文化旅游资源的保护与开发

陕西民俗文化旅游资源丰富,具有较高的社会价值和旅游价值,但由于政府部门的疏于重视和广大民众认识的浅薄,导致陕西民俗文化旅游资源受到严重的破坏,同时也造成不良风气的大量出现,使这些价值未能得以发挥.针对这一现状,以全国民俗文化的保护和开发为参照,结合陕西民俗文化旅游资源的自身特点,从保护和发展两个方面涉及的具体问题为出发点,就具体的问题提出了具体的建议,希望以此引起各方重视.参5.     

红豆杉培养细胞紫杉醇的分离及鉴定

红豆杉培养细胞紫杉醇的分离及鉴定甘烦远，郑光植，彭丽萍，沈月毛（中国科学院昆明植物研究所昆明６５０２０４）关键词红豆杉；紫杉醇；细胞培养；分离鉴定ＩＳＯＬＡＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＩＤＥＮＴＩＦＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＡＸＯＬＦＲＯＭＣＵＬＴＵＲＥＤＣＥＬＬＳＯＦ...     

非洲爪蟾肝细胞原代培养方法

非洲爪蟾是研究内分泌干扰物的良好模型动物,其体外肝细胞可用于类雌激素活性评价、污染物代谢等研究.论文探讨了非洲爪蟾肝细胞原代培养的方法,采用两步原位灌注法分离非洲爪蟾肝细胞,通过胶原酶的作用使细胞之间解离,后经过一系列转速的离心,获得纯化的肝实质细胞.研究结果表明,采用此法获得的细胞数量为2.5～5×106个,细胞成活率达95%以上,纯度在95%以上,细胞胞体透亮,折光性强,状态良好.培养24h后贴壁较好,每2d换液1次,可培养8～10d,细胞可满足多种后续实验的要求.     

Differences in Dissolved Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Responses to Storm‐Event and Ground‐Water Conditions in a Forested,Glaciated Watershed in Western New York1

Abstract: Differences in the storm‐event responses of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) in streamflow and ground water were evaluated for a glaciated forested watershed in western New York. Eight to ten storm events with varying rainfall amounts, intensities, and antecedent moisture conditions were studied for three catchments (1.6, 3.4, and 696 ha) over a three‐year period (2003‐2005). Concentrations of DOC in streamflow exiting the catchments were significantly higher for storm events following a dry period, whereas no similar response was observed for DON. Highest DON concentrations in streamflow were typically associated with storm events following wet antecedent moisture conditions. In addition to antecedent moisture conditions, DOC concentrations were also positively correlated with precipitation amounts, while DON did not reveal a consistent pattern. Streamwater and ground‐water concentrations of DOC during storm events were also strongly correlated with riparian ground‐water depths but a similar relationship was not observed for DON. Ground‐water DON concentrations were also more variable than DOC. We hypothesized that the differences in DOC and DON responses stemmed from the differences in catchment sources of these solutes. This study suggests that while DOC and DON are intrinsically linked as components of dissolved organic matter, their dynamics and exports from watersheds may be regulated by a different set of mechanisms and factors. Identifying these differences is critical for developing more reliable and robust models for transport of dissolved organic matter.     

Population structure of humpback whales in the western and central South Pacific Ocean as determined by vocal exchange among populations

For cetaceans, population structure is traditionally determined by molecular genetics or photographically identified individuals. Acoustic data, however, has provided information on movement and population structure with less effort and cost than traditional methods in an array of taxa. Male humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) produce a continually evolving vocal sexual display, or song, that is similar among all males in a population. The rapid cultural transmission (the transfer of information or behavior between conspecifics through social learning) of different versions of this display between distinct but interconnected populations in the western and central South Pacific region presents a unique way to investigate population structure based on the movement dynamics of a song (acoustic) display. Using 11 years of data, we investigated an acoustically based population structure for the region by comparing stereotyped song sequences among populations and years. We used the Levenshtein distance technique to group previously defined populations into (vocally based) clusters based on the overall similarity of their song display in space and time. We identified the following distinct vocal clusters: western cluster, 1 population off eastern Australia; central cluster, populations around New Caledonia, Tonga, and American Samoa; and eastern region, either a single cluster or 2 clusters, one around the Cook Islands and the other off French Polynesia. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that each breeding aggregation represents a distinct population (each occupied a single, terminal node) in a metapopulation, similar to the current understanding of population structure based on genetic and photo‐identification studies. However, the central vocal cluster had higher levels of song‐sharing among populations than the other clusters, indicating that levels of vocal connectivity varied within the region. Our results demonstrate the utility and value of using culturally transmitted vocal patterns as a way of defining connectivity to infer population structure. We suggest vocal patterns be incorporated by the International Whaling Commission in conjunction with traditional methods in the assessment of structure.