Evaluating the impact of criminalizing drunk driving on years of life lost due to road traffic deaths in one megacity,China

Objective: Road safety is an important public health issue worldwide. However, few studies have analyzed the association between criminalizing drunk driving and years of life lost (YLL) due to road traffic deaths (RTDs). Our study can provide useful information about this policy.

Methods: We used interrupted time-series analysis to find the changes in monthly YLL and RTD before and after law enforcement began using RTD data from 2008 to 2014 in Tianjin.

Results: After adjustment for seasonality, months, holidays, and the number of people in each district, criminalizing drunk driving was followed by a 11.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–21.1%) reduction in risk of RTDs and a corresponding 778.1-year (95% CI, 200–1,355.1) reduction in monthly YLL. The reduction in YLL was especially significant among males, those aged 16–64 years old, and suburban residents.

Conclusions: This study highlights that the law can lead to a reduction in YLL due to RTDs in Tianjin, China. Large immediate public health benefits resulted from the new road traffic law in China. YLL provides a complementary measure for examining the effect of criminalization on drunk driving RTDs.     

我国煤矿生产与安全投入的计量分析

煤炭生产活动中既有市场产出又有安全输出,而煤炭生产和安全投入之间的关系反映了经济发展和职业安全之间的关系。在近二十年国内煤矿生产数据的基础上,分析煤炭生产和安全之间长期的相互作用关系,根据多元统计回归分析,建立了煤炭生产模型,并使用Eviews软件进行了脉冲曲线分析和方差分解分析。最后基于分析结果,对我国煤矿生产和安全投入现状提出了改进意见。     

Visitor Perceptions and the Shifting Social Carrying Capacity of South Sinai’s Coral Reefs

To investigate how the perceptions and behaviour of visitors to coral reefs are influenced by their prior experience and knowledge of marine life, a questionnaire-based study was undertaken at sites in the Ras Mohammed National Park and at Sharm El Sheikh, South Sinai, Egypt. It was evident that over the 10–20 years during which these reefs have deteriorated (mainly due to reef-flat trampling), there have been interrelated shifts in the nature of visitors making use of them. First, there has been a shift from experienced divers and snorkellers to inexperienced snorkellers and non-snorkellers with a poorer knowledge of reef biology. Second, there has been a shift in the predominant nationalities of visitors, from German and British, through Italian, to Russian. More recent user groups both stated and showed that they had less experience of snorkelling; they also showed less knowledge of marine life and less interest in learning about it. Visitor perceptions of both the state of the marine life on the reefs and the acceptability of current visitor numbers also varied between groups. More recent visitor groups and visitors with less knowledge were more satisfied with reef health. In general, however, visitor perceptions of reef health did not correlate well with actual reef conditions, probably because more experienced visitors preferred less impacted sites with which they were nevertheless less satisfied than inexperienced visitors at heavily impacted sites. More recent visitor groups were also less bothered by crowding on the shore or in the water. Consequently, the apparent “social carrying capacity” of sites seems to be increasing to a level well above the likely “ecological carrying capacity”.     

建筑施工伤亡事故现状、原因及其对策

应用安全系统工程学原理及方法分析建筑行业伤亡事故增多的根本原因；综合阐述建筑安全的基本对策，以求标本兼治，使建筑施工伤亡严峻形势得到根本好转     

COMPREHENSIVE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL IN THE FIELD OF WATER RESOURCES1

The ages-old and ever-growing need for communication and information retrieval among scientists has found expression in the development of indexes, abstracts, reviews and combinations or variations of such. A short review of such efforts is followed by a discussion of efforts along these lines in the new field of water resources science and technology. Such undertakings as the Information Retrieval System of the American Society of Civil Engineers and of the U.S. Water Resources Research Office are compared with that of the American Water Resources Association.     

萧红的悲剧人生和悲剧意识

悲剧意识是人类精神意识的重要组成部分.它源于人类的悲剧性存在,而又在其艺术的传达中充满了丰富性和灵动性.作为20世纪30年代一个风格特异的作家,萧红的悲剧人生、悲剧意识和其呈现出的审美特征,为我们观照社会、解析人生提供了一个别样的视角.     

试论安全文化建设与安全教育的关系

介绍了安全文化的产生过程及内涵。阐述了在企业营建安全文化的重要意义,论述了安全教育对企业创建健康的安全文化环境的作用     

灾害中人员死亡的货币损失估算方法

本文重点探讨了自然灾害造成的人员死亡货币损失的估算方法，将个人未来收入的现值作为衡量损失大小的标准。在对实际灾情进行估算之后，结合中国的社会经济特点，指出了中国进行此项工作的必要性及其困难所在。     

关于死亡赔偿计算方法的探讨

目前我国关于死亡事故的赔偿标准一是太低,二是标准不一致.由此产生的后果不仅使私了现象增多,增加了社会隐患而且怂恿了极个别肇事者采取故意至受伤者死亡的手段来减少自身的赔偿损失,严重危害了基本的人性道德标准.本文在认真分析的基础上,提出了"生命损失赔偿理论"的新思路,即针对死亡者因生命丧失带来的三大损失提出了科学的赔偿理论依据和计算方法,使死亡赔偿力求做到:客观、公正、科学、合理.     

加强环境保护宣传教育提高公众环境意识

社会与科技的快速发展虽然为人们创造了更加良好的生存环境,但同时,也对实际的环境保护宣传教育提出了更多要求。在此情况之下,相关人员必须要对公众的环境意识进行全面的了解,结合当下的发展趋势和环境保护现状,有针对性的对环境保护宣传教育进行创新与改革。另外,还必须要考虑公众的生活习惯和工作习惯的变化,构建全新的环境保护宣传教育平台,科学利用现代化科技和多样化方式来引导公众进行环境保护知识学习。这样不仅能够全面提升公众的环境意识,同时也能够有效地实现环境友好型和资源节约型社会的全面构建。