Introducing a Low‐Head Dam Fatality Database and Internet Information Portal

Low‐head dams can cause dangerous currents near the downstream face of the structure. Fatalities at low‐head dams with such currents, often referred to as “drowning machines,” are poorly documented. This technical note presents a new database of fatalities at low‐head dams in the United States together with an interactive map and web‐based user interface. The primary purpose of the system is to raise awareness, generate interest, and educate the general public and decision makers regarding these dangerous structures and the need for remediation. The database was designed as a normalized relational database of event dates, severity, location, reporter, and other circumstances. The open‐access user interface allows the general public to browse fatal incidents by geographic location and to read incident circumstances. The system allows submission of new contributions from users including all metadata needed to characterize the incident. The database is structured to include documentation verifying each entry. The site can be viewed at http://dams.byu.edu/ .     

运用图析法探求麻阳铜矿工亡事故的规律

运用图析法,以麻阳铜矿为例,选取了影响工亡事故的?种因素进行分析,探求其发生规律,为进行安全决策提供依据。     

Cardiotocographic and sonographic findings in two cases of antenatally diagnosed intrauterine fetal brain death

Intrauterine fetal brain death is a rare cause of a fixed fetal heart rate pattern. Seven cases have been previously reported in the literature, but only two of them were diagnosed prenatally and all the newborns died soon after delivery. Two additional cases of antepartum diagnosis of intrauterine fetal brain death, managed expectantly, are reported. We had the unique opportunity to document progressive sonographic cerebral changes during the follow-up period, following the neurological event, while the fetus continued life and growth in utero. The cardiographic and sonographic findings suggesting intrauterine fetal brain death were a prolonged fixed fetal heart rate, even following a vibroacoustic and contraction stress test; an atonic fetus without breathing and body movement; and the appearance of hydramnios and the development of ventriculomegaly.     

建筑施工区域风险研究

根据国内建筑施工过程现状和作业特点,以及国内外学者对建筑施工过程中风险的研究,考虑到建筑施工区域不但面临单体建筑施工的各种风险,还必须克服单体施工过程中时空上相互干扰而带来的风险,构建了单体建筑风险分析模型、确定单体建筑风险的影响梯度、提出建筑施工区域总风险计算方法。示例分析表明,该风险分析模型和计算方法,可以全面系统地预测区域内风险的分布及其变动情况,有助于实施有针对性的风险预防和控制措施,有益于提高建筑施工区域全过程的安全管理水平。     

煤矿百万吨死亡率动态无偏灰色马尔科夫预测

为掌握我国煤炭行业整体安全生产状况,构建动态无偏灰色马尔科夫模型,通过处理我国1999—2008年度煤矿百万吨死亡率数据,对2009—2011年度煤矿百万吨死亡率数据进行预测。用无偏灰色GM(1,1)模型代替传统灰色GM(1,1)模型,拟合得到煤矿百万吨死亡率数据的变化趋势,在此基础上应用马尔科夫模型进行预测,并在每一次预测中更新原始数据,最后对预测结果进行对比分析。计算结果表明:动态无偏灰色马尔科夫模型既能消除传统灰色GM(1,1)模型的固有偏差,又能提高预测精度尤其是中长期预测精度。其中,平均绝对误差为3.35%,平均相对误差为3.85%,均低于传统灰色GM(1,1)模型和一般灰色马尔科夫模型。动态无偏灰色马尔科夫模型对于煤矿百万吨死亡率数据的平均预测精度超过96%。     

价格对中国煤矿事故的影响分析

针对我国目前煤炭产业严峻的安全形势，本文采用、统计的方法，分析了煤炭价格和产量与煤矿安全生产事故之间的相关关系，验证煤炭价格与煤矿安全生产事故的发生存在协整关系，而且煤价是煤矿伤亡事故的致因，并进一步做回归分析，并尝试从价格的角度揭示煤矿安全生产事故发生的规律。     

Peroxidase activity,lignification and promotion of cell death in tobacco cells exposed to static magnetic field

Bio-effects of static magnetic fields on cell growth and cell death have been investigated in suspension-cultured tobacco cells as undifferentiated, embryonic plant cell model. The cells in their logarithmic growth phase were exposed to static magnetic field with the magnitudes of 10 mT and 30 mT for 5 h/day. Exposure to static magnetic field ceased the growth and caused an increase in cell death of exposed tobacco cells compared to those cells which were not treated with the field. Promotion of cell death was accompanied by a harmonized increase in the activity of peroxidase and increase of lignifcation of cell walls.     

Fatality risk assessment and modeling of drivers responsibility for causing traffic accidents in Dubai

Introduction: This paper examines crash and safety statistics from the Emirate of Dubai in an attempt to identify factors responsible for making this population at greater risk of crashes compared to other countries. Problem: In developing countries such as the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.), motor-vehicle-related mortalities frequently exceed those of the industrialized nations of North America and Europe. Method: Fatality and injury data used in the analysis mainly come from Dubai Emirate police reports and from other relevant international sources. Groups of the population are identified according to associated risk and exposure factors. Influence and strength of the most common risk factors are quantified using relative risk, the Lorenz curve, and the Gini index. Further analysis employed logit modeling, and possible predictors available in Dubai police reports, to estimate probability and odds ratios associated with drivers that are deemed responsible for causing traffic accidents. Results: Traffic fatality risk was found to be higher in Dubai, compared to some developed nations, and to vary considerably between different classes of road users and groups of the resident population. The likelihood of a driver causing an accident is considerably higher for those driving goods vehicles, but it is also associated with other factors. Impact: Results provide epidemiological inferences about traffic mortality and morbidity, and suggest priorities and appropriate measures for intervention, targeting resident population.