Programmed cell death induced by modified clay in controlling Prorocentrum donghaiense bloom

Modified clay (MC), an effective material used for the emergency elimination of algal blooms, can rapidly reduce the biomass of harmful algal blooms (HABs) via flocculation. After that, MC can still control bloom population through indirect effects such as oxidative stress, which was initially proposed to be related to programmed cell death (PCD) at molecular level. To further study the MC induced cell death in residual bloom organisms, especially identifying PCD process, we studied the physiological state of the residual Prorocentrum donghaiense. The experimental results showed that flocculation changed the physiological state of the residual cells, as evidenced by growth inhibition and increased reactive oxygen species production. Moreover, this research provides biochemical and ultrastructural evidence showing that MC induces PCD in P. donghaiense. Nuclear changes were observed, and increased caspase-like activity, externalization of phosphatidylserine and DNA fragmentation were detected in MC-treated groups and quantified. And the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was activated in both MC-treated groups. Besides, the features of MC-induced PCD in a unicellular organism were summarized and its concentration dependent manner was proved. All our preliminary results elucidate the mechanism through which MC can further control HABs by inducing PCD and suggest a promising application of PCD in bloom control.     

基于GSK-AdaBoost-LightGBM的交通事故死亡人数预测研究

交通事故预测研究有助于降低交通事故发生的概率。为提高交通事故预测模型的精度,首先应用网格搜索法获得LightGBM模型的最优超参数,并进行5折交叉验证提升模型的抗拟合能力,建立优化的LightGBM(GSK-LightGBM)模型;然后基于AdaBoost算法训练多个GSK-LightGBM模型,加权组合得到AdaBoost-LightGBM增强集成模型,并采用网格搜索法结合5折交叉验证,实现了AdaBoost-LightGBM模型的参数优化,构建了GSK-AdaBoost-LightGBM模型;最后基于采集到的1953—2018年我国道路交通事故死亡人数相关样本数据训练模型,得到基于GSK-AdaBoost-LightGBM的交通事故死亡人数预测模型,并引入均方误差、平均绝对误差和平均绝对百分误差3项评估指标评估了模型的预测性能,探究了模型的优化效果。结果表明:GSK-AdaBoost-LightGBM模型的3项评估指标值分别为0.014、0.00035和0.077,低于LightGBM模型、GSK-LightGBM模型和AdaBoost-LightGBM模型的评估指标值,说明该模型的预测精度较高,且明显优于LightGBM模型、GSK-LightGBM模型和AdaBoost-LightGBM模型。     

大气封闭型扩散浓度估算模式细探

从大气封闭型扩散实际反射路径分析入手,引入上下边界不同的反射率与污染物衰减系数,得出比以往公式更具一般意义的大气封闭型扩散的污染物浓度估算公式,特别适用于边界具有一定吸收能力与污染物质有衰减的情况,从而有效改进污染贡献的估算精度.文中展示的示意图,纠正了以往示意图的错误.      

关于渤海环境综合整治行动的反思

面对日益严峻的渤海环境问题,我国自本世纪初开始了大规模的渤海环境综合整治行动.该行动在取得积极成效的同时,存在如下问题:指导思想上带有传统环境管理痕迹,缺乏统一有效的权威领导机构,配套的政策法规的缺失,公众参与的长效机制尚未建立.为此下一步重点要解决的问题是:提高对渤海环境保护重要性的认识,促进渤海环境管理综合协调机制运行的制度化与规范化,促使渤海环境保护和教育的广泛参与性和持久性.     

某化工企业1971～2000年职工恶性肿瘤死亡情况的动态分析

对以天然气、食盐为原料生产基础化工产品的综合性化工企业的职工调查显示,恶性肿瘤已成为该企业职工死亡的主要原因之一,总死亡率为1.44‰,与当地对照有显著性,尤以肺癌、肝癌、食道癌为主.动态观察显示,职工恶性肿瘤死亡率从1971～的0.41‰上升为1996～的1.93‰,总体呈现逐年上升的趋势.1991～以来的男、女职工死亡性比率为1.90∶1,两者差异非常显著,目前3位死因都有统计学意义.这说明恶性肿瘤对该企业职工,特别是男性职工的生命健康威胁越来越大,应成为今后卫生工作的重点之一.     

Grief and mid-trimester fetal loss

Fetal loss through miscarriage or termination of pregnancy for genetic reasons often provokes the grief of bereavement. This is not fully understood, and the extent of the distress is often underestimated by professionals and family alike. We have examined elements of the normal bereavement process and have found that they may occur in specific and accentuated forms in mid-trimester fetal loss. We discuss our findings in the light of the attachment theory—a psychodynamic model for understanding grief reactions.     

Evaluating the impact of criminalizing drunk driving on years of life lost due to road traffic deaths in one megacity,China

Objective: Road safety is an important public health issue worldwide. However, few studies have analyzed the association between criminalizing drunk driving and years of life lost (YLL) due to road traffic deaths (RTDs). Our study can provide useful information about this policy.

Methods: We used interrupted time-series analysis to find the changes in monthly YLL and RTD before and after law enforcement began using RTD data from 2008 to 2014 in Tianjin.

Results: After adjustment for seasonality, months, holidays, and the number of people in each district, criminalizing drunk driving was followed by a 11.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–21.1%) reduction in risk of RTDs and a corresponding 778.1-year (95% CI, 200–1,355.1) reduction in monthly YLL. The reduction in YLL was especially significant among males, those aged 16–64 years old, and suburban residents.

Conclusions: This study highlights that the law can lead to a reduction in YLL due to RTDs in Tianjin, China. Large immediate public health benefits resulted from the new road traffic law in China. YLL provides a complementary measure for examining the effect of criminalization on drunk driving RTDs.     

我国煤矿生产与安全投入的计量分析

煤炭生产活动中既有市场产出又有安全输出,而煤炭生产和安全投入之间的关系反映了经济发展和职业安全之间的关系。在近二十年国内煤矿生产数据的基础上,分析煤炭生产和安全之间长期的相互作用关系,根据多元统计回归分析,建立了煤炭生产模型,并使用Eviews软件进行了脉冲曲线分析和方差分解分析。最后基于分析结果,对我国煤矿生产和安全投入现状提出了改进意见。     

建筑施工伤亡事故现状、原因及其对策

应用安全系统工程学原理及方法分析建筑行业伤亡事故增多的根本原因；综合阐述建筑安全的基本对策，以求标本兼治，使建筑施工伤亡严峻形势得到根本好转     

灾害中人员死亡的货币损失估算方法

本文重点探讨了自然灾害造成的人员死亡货币损失的估算方法，将个人未来收入的现值作为衡量损失大小的标准。在对实际灾情进行估算之后，结合中国的社会经济特点，指出了中国进行此项工作的必要性及其困难所在。