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201.
快速断电安全技术中半导体中性点开关结构性能的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对我国目前半导体中性点开关的结构 ,工作过程 ,性能进行了分析 ;现行中性点开关所存在的问题为电路拓扑结构不合理 ,关断时间过长或过短 ,过长不满足快速断电安全技术的要求 ,过短又易引起过电压 ,使中性点开关失控。笔者提出了采用绝缘门极双极性晶体管 (IGBT) ,构成半导体中性点开关的可行方案。同时指出 ,开发新型快速断电安全技术装置 ,将大大提高我国煤矿安全技术水平 相似文献
202.
高层建筑火灾人员疏散和人员伤亡的模拟 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
基于建筑火灾全风网网络模型的基础上 ,结合紧急疏散模型 ,模拟火灾时期疏散时间和建筑物内人员滞留的情况 ,同时也可以模拟可能出现的伤亡情况 ,有助于高层建筑的疏散系统设计 ,为火灾的再现提供了一个有效的分析工具 ,也为高层建筑火灾的风险评价提供了理论数据 相似文献
203.
陕西大暴雨时空分布特征及减灾对策 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
通过对陕西1957~1998年共42年97个测站的逐日降水量中大暴雨资料进行时间和空间尺度分析,总结归纳出陕西灾害性大暴雨的天气气候基本特征和规律性,并提出相应的减灾对策。 相似文献
204.
It is common to use the results of various solid-phase and aqueous-fraction toxicity tests as part of the decision-making
process for selecting disposal options for dredged sediments. The mere presence of toxicity, however, does not provide a logical
basis for selecting economical, environmentally protective disposal techniques. To achieve this, it is necessary to be able
to identify specific compounds responsible for sediment toxicity. Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) procedures, originally
developed for complex effluents, represent a useful approach for identifying acutely toxic compounds in dredged materials.
Herein we present a conceptual overview for TIE use in part of the decision-making framework for selecting dredged material
disposal options; included are discussions concerning appropriate test fractions and species for TIE analyses, and specific
TIE manipulations useful for ascertaining whether toxicity is due to any of a number of common sediment contaminants including
ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, metals, or nonpolar organics. 相似文献
205.
DEVELOPMENT OF WATERSIIED MODELS FOR TWO SIERRA NEVADA BASINS USING A GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM1
Anne E. Jeton J. LaRue. Smith 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1993,29(6):923-932
ABSTRACT: Techniques were developed using vector and raster data in a geographic information system (GIS) to define the spatial variability of watershed characteristics in the north-central Sierra Nevada of California and Nevada and to assist in computing model input parameters. The U.S. Geological Survey's Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System, a physically based, distributed-parameter watershed model, simulates runoff for a basin by partitioning a watershed into areas that each have a homogeneous hydrologic response to precipitation or snowmelt. These land units, known as hydrologic-response units (HRU's), are characterized according to physical properties, such as altitude, slope, aspect, land cover, soils, and geology, and climate patterns. Digital data were used to develop a GIS data base and HRIJ classification for the American River and Carson River basins. The following criteria are used in delineating HRU's: (1) Data layers are hydrologically significant and have a resolution appropriate to the watershed's natural spatial variability, (2) the technique for delineating HRU's accommodates different classification criteria and is reproducible, and (3) HRU's are not limited by hydrographic-subbasin boundaries. HRU's so defined are spatially noncontiguous. The result is an objective, efficient methodology for characterizing a watershed and for delineating HRU's. Also, digital data can be analyzed and transformed to assist in defining parameters and in calibrating the model. 相似文献
206.
Gideon Fishelson 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1973,9(4):801-815
The study contains the methodology of finding the optimal time to start the operation of a desalting plant or any other non conventional source of water for agricultural use in Israel. The essence of the methodology is the moving equilibrium price and quantity of agricultural products. The market of agricultural products is represented by a single demand curve and a supply curve which is derived from the agricultural sector production function. Both the demand for and the supply of agricultural products functions are shifting over time. The marginal value product of water is the critical value that determines the optimal time of a desalting plant. The study is static in the sense that dynamic aspects per se are not dealt with-e.g. learning by doing of building and operating desalting plants. The empirical results although used for illustrative purposes can be used as reference points for other detailed and more ‘exact’ studies on water desalination. 相似文献
207.
208.
Differences between scientist and policy-maker response types and times, or the “how” and “when” of action, constrain effective
water resource management in suburbanizing watersheds. Policy-makers are often rushed to find a single policy that can be
applied across an entire, homogeneous, geopolitical region, whereas scientists undertake multiyear research projects to appreciate
the complex interactions occurring within heterogeneous catchments. As a result, watershed management is often practiced with
science and policy out of synch. Meanwhile, development pressures in suburban watersheds create changes in the social and
physical fabric and pose a moving target for science and policy. Recent and anticipated advances in the scientific understanding
of urbanized catchment hydrology and pollutant transport suggest that management should become increasingly sensitive to spatial
heterogeneities in watershed features, such as soil types, terrain slopes, and seasonal watertable profiles. Toward this end,
policy-makers should encourage funding scientific research that characterizes the impacts of these watershed heterogeneities
within a geopolitical zoning and development framework. 相似文献
209.
近场地震作用下框架结构的损伤机理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
首先讨论了近场地面运动的特征及各种抗震规范对近场地震的设防,然后采用非线性时程分析方法,对一个10层框架结构在近场地震作用下的响应特性进行了研究。同时对该框架结构进行了Pushover分析,通过与非线性时程分析结果进行对比,说明Pushover分析方法不能正确评估结构在近场地震作用下的抗震性能。 相似文献
210.
一氯二乙基铝装置为甲类火灾危险装置。通过对一氯二乙基铝装置工艺流程及各单元工艺特点的详细分析,危险源的辨识从物料危险性、工艺过程危险性、工艺操作危险性等角度展开,从而确定出该装置的重大风险因素。在对一氯二乙基铝装置危险源辨识和分析的基础上,对各工艺单元提出相应的控制措施,预防事故发生。 相似文献