Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD) projects: lessons for future policy design and implementation

In response to the pressing global challenges of climate change, initiatives under the auspices of ‘reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation’ (REDD) have been implemented in over 30 developing and least-developed countries since 2005. The initiatives cover nearly every significant and vulnerable forest ecosystem worldwide. In this study we review six representative initiatives, two each from Africa, Asia and Latin America. Strength, weakness, opportunity and threat analysis is done to evaluate each initiative's policy framework, design, implementation and results thus far. The main policy and project implementation factors that appear to lead to effective and successful REDD project outcomes include having clearly formulated project design; governance, land tenure rights and capacity; equity and transparency; indigenous peoples' rights and knowledge; local–international coordination; and enhancing local and institutional capacities. Based on these findings, we provide recommendations for future REDD policy action and project implementation to make it work for the poor and achieve its intended goals.     

现代垃圾填埋技术设计理念及其工程应用

对现代垃圾填埋技术的设计要点进行归纳,并结合上海市老港填埋场四期工程介绍其在工程设计中的具体应用。     

我国环境保护规划的分析与展望

回顾了我国环境保护规划的发展历程,剖析了当前我国环境保护规划存在的问题,认为现阶段我国环境保护规划存在缺乏法律效力、法律地位不足、规划编制不规范、设区的市缺少环境保护总体规划、规划衔接不够、实施监管机制不完善和公众参与缺乏实质性等问题;对比分析了我国与美国和荷兰这2个发达国家的环境保护规划,总结了可以借鉴的国际经验;结合我国环境保护工作的形势和环境保护规划的发展,提出完善法律机制、设区的市编制环境保护总体规划、加强规划衔接、建立实施监管机制和加强公众参与等建议,确保其成为参与政府综合决策的有效手段,使其更加权威、规范和科学.      

论发展中国家在经济全球化中的环境安全对策

环境安全是国家安全的重要组成部分。随着人口的增长和人类生产规模的扩大,环境安全问题已经引起了人们越来越多的关注。在经济全球化过程中,由于发达国家掠夺式的原料进口、污染转移,发展中国家的环境安全问题变得尤为突出。因此,发展中国家应处理好经济全球化、发展与环境安全之间的关系,从国际经济交往和环境合作中寻求机遇,从发展中维护环境安全。     

Industrial-waste management in developing countries: the case of Lebanon

This paper presents a critical assessment of the existing Lebanese industrial sector, namely the current status and classification of industrial establishments based on a comparative synthesis and analysis of recent nationwide surveys and studies pertaining to industrial-waste management. Characterisation of solid and liquid industrial wastes generated, including hazardous wastes, is presented together with current and projected waste loads, recycling opportunities, and export/import practices. Institutional capacity and needs pertaining to the enforcement of relevant environmental legislation, staffing and resources, monitoring schemes, and public participation are critically evaluated. Finally, realistic options for industrial-waste management in the context of country-specific institutional economic and technical limitations are outlined. The industrial sector in Lebanon consists of small-scale industries (84% employ less than 10 persons), primarily involved in light manufacturing (96%). These industries which are distributed among 41 ill-defined zones and deficient in appropriate physical infrastructure, generate solid, liquid, and hazardous waste estimated at 346,730 tons/year, 20,169,600 m3/year and between 3000 to 15,000 tons/year, respectively. Although the growth of this sector contributes significantly to the socio-economic development of the country (industry accounts for 17% of the gross domestic product), in the absence of a comprehensive environmental management plan, this expansion may not be sustained into the coming millennium. The anticipated expansion will inevitably amplify adverse environmental impacts associated with industrial activities due to rising waste volumes and improper waste handling and disposal practices. These impacts are further aggravated by a deficient institutional framework, a lack of adequate environmental laws, and lax enforcement of regulations governing industrial-waste management.     

非金属矿物和工业岩石在肥料中的应用与发展

非金属矿物和工业岩石在农用肥料中应用效果显著,它不仅可以提高农作物产量,改善农作物产品品质,还可以起到改良土壤、保水保肥和防止土地结块作用。随着试验、研究工作的不断深入,这一新型矿质肥料的开发应用正表现出许多新的发展趋势,研究其增产机理并结合农业地质背景的分析来应用这一新型矿质肥料则前景更为广阔。     

长江三峡库区猕猴桃资源特点及其发展策略

猕猴桃是我国特有的珍贵果树资源，长江三峡库区是猕猴桃的原产中心地带，物种资源丰富，生态条件优越，发展潜力较大。本文分析了三峡库区猕猴桃的资源特点，阐述了开发利用猴桃桃资源的必要性和优越性，以及有利条件，提出了发展猕猴桃生产的若干策略。     

资源,环境与区域可持续发展研究

本文为探讨中国未来区域发展模式，分析了当今世界区域发展中资源，环境与区域发展的关系，分别从资源和环境的角度归纳出数种区域发展模式，并在简要分析各种发展模式特点的基础上，提出了中国区域发展模式。     

浅谈高职学生创新能力的培养模式

为探索高职学生创新能力的培养途径，采用实验法对河北建材职业技术学院高职学生进行了创新教育的实践研究，分析了制约高职学生创新能力发展的因素，提出了要从营造有益于学生创新能力培养的氛围和环境、加快教学内容与考试方法的改革、培养学生的创造性思维、建立科学的创新能力培养体系和创新保障机制等方面建立起高职学生创新能力的培养模式。     

矿产资源开发生态补偿机制初探

建立生态补偿机制已成为当前社会各界广泛关注的热点问题。根据国内外对矿产资源开发的现行生态补偿机制,结合国内目前存在的问题,从补偿主体、补偿对象、补偿标准对生态补偿机制进行了初步探讨。