赤泥对土地处理系统中植物除磷效果的影响研究

将赤泥按0％、2.5％、5％、7.5％、10％的重量比例与土壤混合,考察赤泥掺混对土地处理系统中植物除磷效果的影响.结果表明,赤泥从生物量以及磷吸收两方面影响植物除磷.适量的赤泥掺混可提高植物生物量,掺混比为5％时生物量最大.另一方面,赤泥掺混越多,对植物磷吸收的抑制也越大.总体效果上,掺混比例为5％时,黑麦草和高羊茅...     

Quantal response of Paleomonetes africanus in locally formulated drilling mud lubricants

The toxic potency of three locally formulated drilling mud lubricants against Paleomonetes africanus, a brackish water crustacean commonly found in the oil producing Niger Delta (Nigeria), was evaluated. A 96?h exposure to quantal (lethal) doses of the mud lubricants gave LC₅₀ (median lethal concentration) of 350, 620 and 210?mg?L^?1, respectively. The mud lubricant with the highest molecular weight of 40,000?g?mol^?1 (lubricant 2) had the least toxicity on the organisms, attributable to the reduced rate of diffusion into the vital cells of the test organism. The higher toxicity of lubricant 3 over lubricant 1, despite its higher molecular weight, might be as a result of its higher acid value of 21.60?mg?KOH?g^?1. The results show that the test lubricants would be environmentally friendly within the baseline concentrations and lethal times (LT₅₀) measured.     

赤泥酸浸出铁、铝的工艺条件研究及其表征

对广西某铝厂的赤泥进行了盐酸浸出铁、铝的工艺条件研究,并利用扫描电镜和X－衍射对赤泥酸溶前后的形貌特征及矿物物像、化学成分进行分析表征,研究结果表明,赤泥在温度为80℃、液固比为6、浓度为7 mol／L的盐酸中反应3 h ,Fe和Al的浸出率分别为82％和30．5％;酸溶前后赤泥形貌由团粒状转变为层架状,赤泥中赤铁矿矿物相被盐酸充分溶出。     

Effects of rape straw and red mud on extractability and bioavailability of cadmium in a calcareous soil

Screening of cost-effective soil amendments is important to develop “in situ” remediation techniques for cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils. In this study, different soil amendments, including red mud, a by-product of the alumina industry, and acid-treated, nano-treated by nano-particle milling, nano and acid-treated red muds, zeolite, corn straw, and rape straw, were evaluated to immobilize Cd in two added levels (2 and 5 mg Cd·kg^-1 soil) in a calcareous soil by single and sequential extractions and by cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) pot experiments. Results indicated that cruciferous rape straw significantly decreased the concentrations of water soluble, extractable Cd in soils, and Cd in cucumber plants, and it was more effective than gramineous corn straw. Also, red mud generally decreased the extractability and bioavailability of Cd added to calcareous soils more effectively than zeolite. Furthermore, the efficiency of red mud could be increased by the treatment of nano-particle milling due to the increase in specific surface area of red mud. It is potential to use rape straw and red mud as soil amendments to develop a cost-effective and efficient “in situ” remediation technology for Cd mildly contaminated calcareous soils.     

OPTICAL IMPACTS AND SOURCES OF SUSPENDED SOLIDS IN ONONDAGA CREEK,U.S.A.1

ABSTRACT: The degradation of the optical aesthetics in the mouth of Onondaga Creek, New York, that occurs during high flow periods as a result of the influx of large quantities of suspended solids, is documented. Features of the degradation include very low clarity (Secchi disc minimum of approximately 0.1 m) and a brown ‘muddy’ appearance. The reduced clarity is mostly a result of increased light scattering. Loading and concentration profiles obtained for an approximately 35 km interval above the creek mouth over a wide range of flow indicates most of the suspended solids received during runoff events is resuspended stream sediment and eroded bank material. Application of microscopy-based individual particle analysis techniques indicates that the origin of most of these deposits and much of the suspended solids during runoff events is point source inputs, termed ‘mud boils,’ located approximately 32 km upstream of the creek mouth.     

河南省贫困地区的鳝鱼生态工程

人工养殖鳝鱼有着非常广阔的前途,利用生态工程技术对鳝鱼进行生态养殖是提高养鳝成功率的有效途径之一。河南省贫困地区发展鳝鱼生产有着独特的资源优势和经济优势,因地制宜地进行鳝鱼生态工程建设对贫困地区脱贫致富和发展河南省鳝鱼生产有着重要的意义。     

将锰泥用于路基稳定土的试验研究

利用对苯二酚生产中的副产废渣-锰泥与消石灰拌和作路基稳定土，在锰泥中掺入8%-12%的消石灰时，其无侧限抗压强度可完全满足公路路基稳定土的指标要求。     

发动机机油净化装置的研制与应用

车辆发动机每年在换季时都需要更换不同牌号的机油。为了使换下来的机油能够在第二年重复再利用,中原油田分公司采油五厂研制了污油机油净化处理装置。实践证明,净化后的机油完全可以达到使用技术要求。这样既能减少浪费,又能保护环境不受污染,经济效益也十分明显。     

破稳固化法处理废弃钻井泥浆应用效果分析

介绍了国内外废弃泥浆的处理方法,对破稳固化法技术关键进行分析,并通过实验选取胜利油田典型钻井废弃泥浆,对其固化前泥浆上层废液、固化前泥浆浸出液进行了分析,分别采取未加破稳剂固化和添加破稳剂固化两种方法对该井废弃泥浆进行固化处理。监测结果表明,添加破稳剂处理后,浸出液外观基本无色,固化一周后浸出液的各项污染物浓度指标均低于相应标准限值。     

钻井废弃泥浆随钻处理技术应用

介绍了钻井废弃泥浆随钻（边钻边处理）处理技术应用的过程及效果。现场应用情况表明,钻井废弃泥浆随钻处理技术是一种科学有效的钻井废液处理技术,在钻井工程施工过程中可以减少临时土地占用、减少土壤污染、保护环境。