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141.
Kristen A. Conner Author Vitae Author Vitae Jonathan I. Groner Author Vitae Author Vitae 《Journal of Safety Research》2008,39(5):469-475
Problem
Motorized recreational vehicle (MRV)-related injuries can result in severe medical and financial consequences. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology, and clinical and financial impact of MRV-related injuries in Ohio.Method
Probabilistically linked statewide Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and hospital (inpatient and emergency department) data for 2003 and 2004 were examined. Record pairs with a MRV-related E-code (E821-E823, E825) were included in this study.Results
There were 2,893 patients with MRV-related injuries, who had linked EMS and hospital records, resulting in more than $15 million in hospital charges and 1,921 inpatient days of hospitalization. The male-to-female ratio was nearly 4:1, and 19% were younger than 16. Almost 82% of cases were not wearing a helmet; there was a trend of decreasing helmet use with increasing age. Mean (SE) inpatient hospital charges and length of stay (LOS) were $22,218 ($1,290) and 3.8 (0.2) days, respectively. The mean (SE) Injury Severity Score (ISS) for inpatients was 9.2 (0.4). Individuals injured on a street/highway were 3.20 times more likely to sustain an ISS ≥ 16 (95% CI: 1.03, 9.88; p = 0.044) and 3.05 times more likely to sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI) (95% CI: 1.17, 7.94; p = 0.024) than those who were injured at a place designated for sport or recreation. Children aged 12 to 15 and young adults aged 16 to 25 were 2.47 and 2.14 times more likely, respectively, to sustain a TBI than adults aged 36 or older (aged 12 to 15: 95% CI: 1.13, 5.38; p = 0.024; aged 16 to 25: 95% CI: 1.26, 3.64; p = 0.005). Higher ISS was associated with both higher total charges (p < 0.001) and longer LOS (p < 0.001).Discussion
This study demonstrates that MRV-related injuries are an important public health problem in Ohio, with a substantial clinical and financial impact.Impact on Industry
Enactment and enforcement of statewide MRV safety legislation and training of MRV users offer valuable opportunities to prevent these costly injuries. 相似文献142.
143.
苯胺泄漏对水体的污染应急测定项目应选择苯胺和邻苯二酚。邻苯二酚是苯胺降解的中间产物,邻苯二酚同样具有较大毒性。挥发酚的测定不能准确反应水中所含的邻苯二酚,水和废水监测分析方法(第四版)没有邻苯二酚的监测分析方法,已经不能满足苯胺泄漏对饮用水源地污染的应急监测需要。文章综述了邻苯二酚的主要测量方法。参照前苏联渔业水体中有害物质邻苯二酚的最高容许浓度标准,比较了近年来测定水中邻苯二酚不同方法的检出限,基于邻苯二酚的毒性考虑和具备霹F苯二酚的多种测量方法,建议建立邻苯二酚相应的环境标准和标准方法。 相似文献
144.
Wildlife-road conflict has profound negative impacts on both wildlife populations and society. Despite a long-held understanding of this problem, in most regions the wildlife-management strategies (WMS) available to mitigate this conflict are still relatively underutilized. This study examines the implementation of these strategies into road infrastructure, using Southern Ontario as a case study, in order to develop an understanding of what leads to successful WMS implementation. The project management concept of critical success factors was applied and interviews with project decision-makers and key stakeholders were conducted. Nine factors were identified and a comparison between a ‘smooth’ and ‘rough’ project is used to illustrate the cumulative effects that these factors, and their interrelationships, have on project implementation success. Practitioners can use these findings to evaluate WMS projects based on likelihood of success and allocate resources accordingly, ultimately leading to increased chances of implementation and overall benefit to conservation and society. 相似文献
145.
工业是当前中国经济绿色转型升级的关键行业,而工业园区作为工业集聚化发展的主要载体,工业园区生态化发展是解决资源环境问题、实现经济可持续发展的有效途径。本文关注工业园区生态化发展的中长期发展战略和具体方案,致力于通过仿真模拟的方法提出工业园区生态化发展的方向和优化路径,实现研究方法的创新。研究以3E系统(经济—环境—能源)为基础,综合分析工业园区经济发展与能源环境之间的耦合关系,并结合动态投入产出模型和系统动力学模型构建生态化发展决策模型,通过最优化动态模拟方法开展趋势预测和路径研究。通过辛集工业园区的实证和案例研究,对其生态化发展路径进行深入研究,验证了研究方法的科学性和可靠性,能够为工业园区生态化发展提供实践指导。本文为工业园区生态化发展规划提供新的研究方法,为制定合理有效的工业园区综合战略和实施路径提供科学依据。 相似文献
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148.
城市重大事故应急救援预案研究 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
根据国家有关法律法规的规定,对城市重大事故进行了界定,阐述了建立城市重大事故应急救援预案的必要性、原则、依据、级别和内容。对应急救援指挥系统、信息系统和安全文化进行了初步探讨. 相似文献
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