基于计算机网络技术的天津市防震减灾技术系统

随着计算机的普及和网络技术的不断成熟,建立以计算机网络为依托的防震减灾地震快速响应系统已成为可能。“九五”期间,天津市地震局就计算机网络技术在防震减灾技术系统建设中的应用方面进行了尝试。通过计算机通信网络的建立,将地震监测预报、震后快速速报、早期趋势判定等工作环节有机地联系起来,在实际中发挥了重要作用。     

The relationship between employees' perceptions of safety and organizational culture

PROBLEM: With limited resources to help reduce occupational injuries, companies struggle with how to best focus these resources to achieve the greatest reduction in injuries for the optimal cost. Safety culture has been identified as a critical factor that sets the tone for importance of safety within an organization. METHOD: An employee safety perception survey was conducted, and injury data were collected over a 45-month period from a large ready-mix concrete producer located in the southwest region of the United States. RESULTS: The results of this preliminary study suggest that the reductions in injuries experienced at the company locations was strongly impacted by the positive employee perceptions on several key factors. Management's commitment to safety was the factor with the greatest positive perception by employees taking the survey. DISCUSSION: This study was set up as a pilot project and did not unitize an experimental design. That weakness reduces the strength of these findings but adds to the importance of expanding the pilot project with an appropriate experimental design. SUMMARY: Management leadership has been identified, along with several other factors, to influence employee perceptions of the safety management system. Those perceptions, in turn, appear to influence employee decisions that relate to at-risk behaviors and decisions on the job. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: The results suggest that employee perceptions of the safety system are related to management's commitment to safety, which, in turn, appear to be related to injury rates. Management should focus on how to best leverage these key factors to more positively impact injury rates within their companies.     

Disaster mitigation and preparedness on the Nicaraguan post-Mitch agenda

Nicaragua provides an example of how a major disaster, in this case Hurricane Mitch, can transform the national agenda for disaster mitigation and preparedness. Hurricane Mitch was a reminder of how extremely disaster prone Nicaragua is, and also how neoliberal reforms have weakened governmental response capacity. In the face of critiques of how governmental policies had affected preparedness and response, discussions of this transformation became a highly politicised process where the debate over alternative development models tended to overshadow the original calls to strengthen risk management. Progress can be seen in some areas, such as disaster mitigation through environmental management. This study of NGO roles, and their relations with other key actors, draws attention to the need to anchor improved risk management in local-level NGO-government collaboration. Structures are being put into place to achieve this aim, but dependence on donor financing raises questions regarding the longer-term sustainability of these efforts.     

编研“中国西部开发综合安全减灾规划战略”的建议

中国西部大开发作为历史性的壮举 ,重在要有创新思路及观念的大转变。安全减灾作为一种国策及保障手段 ,必须是西部开发的先决条件 ,如果忽略了安全减灾规划战略的布署和开发行动 ,必然迟早要招致悲惨的后果。笔者提出此建议 ,旨在为中国西部开发探索一条生态、安全、减灾和谐发展之路 ,意在促进西部开发健康而有序的可持续发展。     

对开发三峡库区旅游文化资源的思考

运用旅游文化学理论 ,并结合三峡旅游的实际 ,对三峡库区旅游文化资源进行了深入分析和研究 ,提出了开发的原则和措施。     

多效唑在重瓣丝石竹组织培养中的作用

多效唑能增加重瓣丝石竹组织培养苗的节数,缩短节间距,使试管苗健壮,其最适浓度为1．0mg/L。经多效唑（0．05ml/L-0.2ml/L)壮苗培养,显著地促进了组织培养苗生根。较高浓度的多效唑（0．20mg/L-1.0mg/L)对茎尖外植体不定芽分化有明显的增殖作用,同时抑制了试管苗玻璃化。     

The strategic gap in air-quality management

The successful management of atmospheric pollution is best achieved when the benefits of controls can be clearly demonstrated to those who the controls affect. There is a need to demonstrate to a population that change will benefit the social and biophysical aspects of that population’s environment as a whole. This paper suggests that policy-makers need to demonstrate clearly the advantages of a change in behaviour for the local environment while concurrently minimising the life-style costs of the people whose co-operation is needed to bring that change about. This requires an improved understanding of the activities affected and the message and media by which environmental benefits can be communicated in the light of that understanding.Using the example of tropospheric ozone, this paper argues that air-quality management requires close regional co-ordination which can facilitate the establishment and implementation of local policy options. The ability of the UK National Air Quality Strategy to achieve this in its present form is discussed and the existence of a strategic gap between the current approach to air-quality management and the major issues surrounding air quality considered.     

苏打盐碱地稻田养鱼

苏打盐碱地主要分布在我国东北地区,是松辽平原农业综合开发的重点对象之一。作者以吉林省西部大安市叉干镇科技示范区为例,介绍了苏打盐碱地井灌稻田养鱼开发的生态效益及关键技术。     

体育教学的社会环境探讨

通过对教学环境的系统分析(自然环境、社会环境),发现在体育教学中,社会环境因素对体育教学质量、效果的影响以及相互关系。提出了科学掌握和利用教学环境,顺应社会环境的变化发展而自我完善,促进提高体育教学质量。     

MEETING PUBLIC EXPECTATIONS WITH ECOLOGICAL INNOVATION IN RIPARIAN LANDSCAPES1

ABSTRACT: Appearances matter for managing riparian landscapes because the appearance of landscapes affects public willingness to accept plans and designs that improve ecological quality. Riparian landscape design and planning should respect and strategically incorporate characteristics that the public values and expects to see. Such design can be quite novel in its ecological effects, but it also should be sufficiently familiar in appearance to correspond with cultural values. This paper describes some influential cultural values for riparian landscapes and demonstrates how attention to such values supports public acceptance of ecologically innovative design in rural and urban watersheds.