Tibouchina pulchra (Cham.) Cogn., a native Atlantic Forest species, as a bio-indicator of ozone: visible injury

Tibouchina pulchra saplings were exposed to carbon filtered air (CF), ambient non-filtered air (NF) and ambient non-filtered air+40 ppb ozone (NF+O3) 8 h per day during two months. The AOT40 values at the end of the experiment were 48, 910 and 12,895 ppb h(-1), respectively, for the three treatments. After 25 days of exposure (AOT40=3871 ppb h(-1)), interveinal red stippling appeared in plants in the NF+O3 chamber. In the NF chamber, symptoms were observed only after 60 days of exposure (AOT40=910 ppb h(-1)). After 60 days, injured leaves per plant corresponded to 19% in NF+O3 and 1% in the NF treatment; and the average leaf area injured was 7% within the NF+O3 and 0.2% within the NF treatment. The extent of leaf area injured (leaf injury index) was mostly explained by the accumulated exposure of ozone (r2=0.89; p<0.05).     

杨树产业对宿迁市生态环境的影响及反思

杨树产业所导致的生态环境的破坏是当前宿迁市环境保护工作中出现的新问题。在对宿迁杨树产业的由来、发展现状进行简要介绍后,着重分析了杨树产业对宿迁生态环境的影响,并对如何使宿迁的杨树产业走可持续发展的道路提出了自己的意见,最后还对如何避免此类问题的出现进行了思考。     

氯碱生产中氢气火灾爆炸事故树分析

氢气火灾爆炸事故是氯碱生产中最常见的事故之一.在对焦作化电集团实际调研的基础上,采用系统安全分析方法中的事故树分析方法对氢气火灾爆炸事故进行了定性、定量分析.给出了氢气火灾爆炸事故树图,事故树的最小割集、最小径集以及3种重要度.最后基于事故树分析提出了预防事故发生的安全防范措施.     

某钢厂工业输水管路系统可靠性分析

用事件树分析法对工业输水管道进行了系统可靠性分析和定量计算,得出了不同维修策略模型下系统的概率,有效地估计了维修策略对系统的影响,给出了提高管道系统安全性的建议.     

建筑安全事故中的事件重要性定量分析

为制定建筑安全措施提供理论依据,采用Birnbaum测度描述诱发事故的事件重要度,提出基于二叉判定图(BDD)的建筑安全定量分析方法。在得到安全事故故障树后,该方法执行BDD逻辑运算生成BDD结构,并通过遍历该结构计算各事件的Birnbaum测度值。管理人员可通过量化的重要度数值来分析各事件重要性,确定对工程安全影响最大的一些基本事件,从而制定安全措施来减少事故损失、保证工程质量。BDD结构特点使得该方法便于计算机编程实现,实验数据的对比分析表明BDD方法可正确高效地分析建筑安全事故。     

Characterization of Escherichia Coli Isolates from Different Fecal Sources by Means of Classification Tree Analysis of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (Fame) Profiles

Microbial source tracking (MST) methods need to be rapid, inexpensive and accurate. Unfortunately, many MST methods provide a wealth of information that is difficult to interpret by the regulators who use this information to make decisions. This paper describes the use of classification tree analysis to interpret the results of a MST method based on fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles of Escherichia coli isolates, and to present results in a format readily interpretable by water quality managers. Raw sewage E. coli isolates and animal E. coli isolates from cow, dog, gull, and horse were isolated and their FAME profiles collected. Correct classification rates determined with leaveone-out cross-validation resulted in an overall low correct classification rate of 61%. A higher overall correct classification rate of 85% was obtained when the animal isolates were pooled together and compared to the raw sewage isolates. Bootstrap aggregation or adaptive resampling and combining of the FAME profile data increased correct classification rates substantially. Other MST methods may be better suited to differentiate between different fecal sources but classification tree analysis has enabled us to distinguish raw sewage from animal E. coli isolates, which previously had not been possible with other multivariate methods such as principal component analysis and cluster analysis.     

陕西五曲湾滑坡发育特征和~(14)C测龄

在陕西省凤翔县五曲湾滑坡的滑带土中发现一段树根,表面被炭化,并且发生了强烈的剪切变形,分析认为此乃滑坡滑动所致。经过14C测龄,年龄为462±45年B.P,这一年龄与地质分析获取的认识基本吻合,与1556年"华县大地震"发生的年份非常接近,从而为研究五曲湾滑坡的触发机制提供了重要依据。最后提出,如果在滑带土中发现可用于定年的样品,采用14C法测定滑坡年龄,是对滑坡进行定年的有效途径。     

中国极端强降水事件年内非均匀性特征分析

基于中国314个台站逐日降水资料,根据百分位值法定义了极端强降水阈值,引入了表征时间分配特征的新参数--极端强降水事件集中度和集中期,对中国极端强降水事件年内非均匀性进行了分析,结果表明:中国年极端强降水事件集中度与集中期自西北向东南均呈“低-高-低”的分布特点,其异常空间分布也存在很大的区域差异;从区域平均来看,西北西部是中国年极端强降水事件最分散的区域,东北是最集中的区域。东北、西北东部、华北以及青藏高原年极端强降水事件集中期相当,明显迟于其它区域,而长江中下游是最早的区域;另外各区域年极端强降水事件的集中度与集中期的长期趋势并不一致,而它们均存在着较一致的周期振荡。     

环保处罚事件对“两高”上市公司股价的影响分析

手工搜集的2007—2017年49家"两高"上市公司的67个环保处罚样本,涉及化工、钢铁、煤炭开采等六个行业,采用事件研究法对环保处罚发布前后股票市场的反应进行了实证研究,并估算了每个环保处罚事件给企业带来的市值损失。研究发现,在环保处罚公示当日,股价大幅下跌,带来显著为负的异常收益率,最多的下跌了7.72%,并且这种影响可以持续到次日。从事件日后的第二天开始,这种负面影响不再显著,表现为平均异常收益率不再显著。但其造成的股价下跌是短时间内无法恢复的,因其累积平均异常收益率持续显著为负。在市值损失方面,67家上市公司平均损失了约2.85亿元市值,最多的损失了约48.5亿元,整个样本的总市值损失约为191亿元。     

含硫油品储罐自燃机理及事故原因分析

通过企业现场调研并结合若干事故案例的剖析分析了含S油品储罐自燃事故的发生原因,总结了事故的主要影响因素。在建立含S油品储罐自燃的事故树（FTA）图的基础上,通过最小割集的计算与分析,探讨了事故的主要原因及发生条件,并提出了相应的预防控制措施。