Change in frontline supervisors’ safety leadership practices after participating in a leadership training program: Does company size matter?

Introduction: The majority of construction companies are small businesses and small business often lack the resources needed to ensure that their supervisors have the safety leadership skills to build and maintain a strong jobsite safety climate. The Foundations for Safety Leadership (FSL) training program was designed to provide frontline leaders in all sized companies with safety leadership skills. This paper examines the impact of the FSL training by size of business. Methods: Leaders, defined as foremen or other frontline supervisors, from small, medium, and large construction companies were recruited to participate in a study to evaluate the degree to which the FSL changed their understanding and use of the leadership skills, safety practices and crew reporting of safety-related conditions. We used linear mixed modeling methods to analyze pre-post training survey data. Results: Prior to the training, leaders from small and medium sized companies reported using safety leadership skills less frequently than those from large ones. After the training, regardless of business size, we observed that the FSL training improved leaders understanding of safety leadership skills from immediately before to immediately after the training. Additionally, leaders reported greater use of safety leadership skills, safety practices, and crew reporting of safety-related conditions from before to two-weeks after the training. However, those from small and medium sized companies reported the greatest improvement in their use of safety leadership skills. Conclusions: The FSL training improves safety leadership outcomes regardless of the size company for which the leader worked. However, the FSL may be even more effective at improving the safety leadership skills of leaders working for smaller sized construction companies or those with lower baseline levels of safety leadership skills. Practical applications: The majority of construction companies employ a small number of employees and therefore may not have the resources to provide their frontline leaders with the leadership training they need to be effective leaders who can create a strong jobsite safety climate. The Foundations for Safety Leadership (FSL) training can help fill this gap.     

A longitudinal examination of role overload and work–family conflict: The mediating role of interdomain transitions

Through the lens of boundary theory, we examine whether the relationship between role overload and work–family conflict is explained by the use of interdomain transitions. With a sample of 250 working adults, we examined whether individuals respond to role overload by engaging in interdomain transitions and how the frequency of these transitions influences work–family conflict both concurrently and over time. Results support our expectation that at a given time, interdomain transitions function as an episodic coping mechanism with short‐term costs (greater work–family conflict) and benefits (less role overload). Also, engaging in interdomain transitions was an explanatory variable linking role overload and work–family conflict. We expected that, over time, engaging in interdomain transitions would function as a preventive coping mechanism, serving to reduce role overload. Interestingly though, several of the longitudinal hypotheses were counter to prediction. Our findings provide further evidence for the use of boundary theory in examinations of the work–family interface. Insights on areas within the literature that require further theoretical development are discussed, along with a consideration of the application of emerging methodologies within our empirical designs. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

中国旅游足迹家族研究进展

作为定量评估的有效工具,旅游足迹方法在考察旅游资源消费和废弃物排放对生态环境的影响方面发挥着重要作用。基于研究的尺度、方法、内容等角度对中国旅游足迹家族（主要成员包括旅游生态足迹、旅游碳足迹和旅游水足迹等）相关代表性成果进行了系统梳理,总结旅游足迹研究取得的主要进展,比较旅游足迹家族成员之间的异同,分析旅游足迹方法的比较优势,剖析当前旅游足迹研究存在的不足,同时结合国际旅游足迹研究最新动向对完善中国旅游足迹研究进行展望,以期为中国旅游足迹研究以及可持续旅游发展实践提供参考。     

建立安全生产长效机制应加强安全文化建设

安全文化建设是生产经营单位建立安全生产长效机制的基础，是实现建设小康社会发展目标的保证。本文对市场经济条件下，就加大安全文化建设进行了初步探讨，提出了进一步加强安全文化建设力度的建议，并指出安全文化建设是落实安全生产责任制的重要组成部分。     

企业信用缺失的风险和对策

信用是企业之本，企业要想生存和发展，就必须以诚信为基础，否则将付出重大的代价．要提高企业的信用度，必须建立、健全企业内部控制制度，采取有效的措施，通过建立信用文化和信用保障体制，从根本上解决企业信用缺失问题，让企业所有的承诺都有保证，让所有的企业都健康地竞争与生存．     

How do flexibility i‐deals relate to work performance? Exploring the roles of family performance and organizational context

Drawing on the work–home resources model and conservation of resources theory, in this study, we explore how flexibility idiosyncratic deals (i‐deals) relate to employees' work performance through their family performance. In line with the work–home resources model, we introduce 2 contextual conditions to explain when our proposed associations may unfold. One is a facilitator: perceived organizational support; and the other is a stressor: perceived hindering work demands. The results of a matched sample of employees and their supervisors working in 2 companies in El Salvador support our hypotheses. Our findings show that the benefits of flexibility i‐deals to the work domain (i.e., work performance) extend only through the family domain (i.e., family performance). Our findings also emphasize that flexibility i‐deals do not unfold in a dyadic vacuum: For employees who perceive organizational support to be higher, the association between flexibility i‐deals and family performance is stronger, whereas for employees who perceive hindering work demands to be lower, the association between family performance and employee work performance is also stronger. We contribute to i‐deals research by (a) exploring a relevant mechanism through which flexibility i‐deals influence work performance, (b) integrating the role of social context to emphasize the social aspects of i‐deals, and (c) enriching the i‐deals literature by introducing a resource perspective.     

Little things that count: A call for organizational research on microbusinesses

The purpose of this Incubator is to encourage organizational researchers to attend to the most common type of business in the United States—the microbusiness. After defining and describing these businesses, we propose research questions on defining and managing performance, organizational citizenship, and work–family conflict in this novel business setting. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

昆明市城镇家庭消费碳排放特征及影响因素分析

根据IPCC国家温室气体（GHG）碳排放计算清单指南,研究和修正昆明碳排放系数,对2000～2008年昆明市家庭城镇消费进行调查与碳排放量核算。结果表明：昆明市城镇家庭碳排放总量变化趋势为平稳上升趋势。碳排结构中能源碳排量占比最大,其排放主体为家庭用电、家用燃料,而物质消费碳排放主体为衣着类、粮食、肉类。另外,人口特征和经济特征因素与城镇家庭碳排放量具有显著相关性。     

污水处理厂设备的更新

分析污水处理厂设备运行状况，对设备更新前后，从投资角度，进行经济分析，以提出设备更新年限，提高污水处理厂经济效益。     

Assessing Economic Changes Due to an Expanding Dairy Industry in the Texas High Plains

The dairy industry in the Texas High Plains has experienced rapid expansion in the past two decades. This study assesses the impact of the increased presence of dairies on overall water use, crop composition, and the local economy. The increase in water use related to the dairy industry from 2000 to 2015 was primarily due to an increase in demand for drinking by the cows (direct water) as well as an increased demand for silage (indirect water). However, a comparative analysis (dairy presence vs. no dairy presence) from a single year indicates minimal impacts on total water use due to dairies. During the same time period, the number, size, and employment of related local business establishments have increased economic activity in rural areas. Editor's note : This paper is part of the featured series on Optimizing Ogallala Aquifer Water Use to Sustain Food Systems. See the February 2019 issue for the introduction and background to the series.