饮食业油烟污染问题的原因与对策

主要介绍了我市饮食业油烟污染的现状,分析归纳了近年来油烟污染日趋加剧的原因,在此基础上提出了加强对生活环境污染加强执法和管理以及采取积极防治对策的建议。     

Stabilization of Fe0 nanoparticles with silica fume for enhanced transport and remediation of hexavalent chromium in water and soil

Effective in situ remediation of Cr(VI) in groundwater requires the successful delivery of reactive iron particles to the subsurface. Fe0 nanoparticles (20–110 nm diameter) supported on silica fume were synthesized by borohydride reduction of an aqueous iron salt in the presence of a support material. The experimental result showed that attachment of Fe0 nanoparticles on the commercial available sub-micrometer silica fume prevented them from aggregation while maintaining the particle reactivity. When the Fe0 concentration was 0.4 g/L, 88.00% of 40 mg/L Cr(VI) was removed by silica fume-supported Fe0 nanoparticles (SF-Fe0) in 120 min, 22.55% higher than unsupported Fe0. Furthermore, transport experiments confirmed that almost all unsupported Fe0 was retained, whereas 51.50% and 38.29% of SF-Fe0 were eluted from the vertical and horizontal sand column, respectively. Additionally, the effect of solution ionic strength on the transport ability of SF-Fe0 was evaluated. The result showed that increase in the salt concentration led to a decrease in the mobility and also the divalent ion Ca2+ had a greater effect than that of monovalent ion Na+.     

食用油烟对健康的影响

综述了近年来国内外在食用油烟对机体健康的影响方面所开展的工作情况，目前有关食用油烟的研究重点是：体外致突变性试验；对肺癌（尤其是女性）的流行病学调查分析；及油烟加热产物整体组分的实验研究等。现有的研究：为防治油烟的危害提供了一定的方法，如降低油温；避免煎炸油的反复使用；在食油精制过程中进行氢化和添加抗氧化剂；加强油烟排除设施等。作者认为，开展职业暴露人群的长期追踪调查，分离鉴定油烟中的致变物并寻找     

海泡石颗粒的制备及其吸附油烟效能的研究

用X射线衍射分析了原海泡石矿的纯度,根据原海泡石特性提出“分散-提纯-活化-成型”的制备海泡石颗粒的工艺流程。用所制得的粒径为1.8海泡石颗粒进行油烟吸附实验,分析了海泡石吸附油烟的容量,绘出吸附穿透曲线,并提出海泡石吸附剂再生的方法,同时将海泡石与活性炭吸附油烟的效率做了对比实验。实验结果表明:海泡石成本低,油烟去除率高,是一种理想的油烟净化剂。     

油烟污染物降解优势菌株的筛选及性能研究

在完成对活性污泥驯化的基础上,分离、纯化出XJ9,XJ30,XJ2,XJ21,XJ28,XJ25等6株油烟污染物降解细菌,研究其生长条件及降解性能,筛选出一株优势菌株并进行菌落形态学及分子生物学鉴定。实验结果表明:6株细菌最适生长温度在35℃左右、最适pH在6⁸之间、最佳摇床转速介于808之间、最佳摇床转速介于80¹60 r/min之间,各菌株最佳降解时间均为36 h,对油烟污染物的降解率介于12%160 r/min之间,各菌株最佳降解时间均为36 h,对油烟污染物的降解率介于12%⁶0%之间,其中XJ25最高可达到60%左右,可确定XJ25为油烟污染物降解优势菌株。经分子生物学鉴定,确定XJ25为干燥棒状杆菌(Corynebacterium xerosis)。所获得的油烟污染物降解菌对于应用生物法降解餐饮油烟污染物具有一定的价值。